查询词典 as it were

The main results are shown as follows:1.Screening freezing tolerant cultivars and lines of chrysanthemumTwenty seven lines of chrysanthemum grown outdoors were screened using \'injury rate\' and \'injury index\'.There were 7 cultivars and lines,which were relatively high tolerant to freezing treatment,i.e.,\'Jinbuhuan\',\'Xuetao\',\'Fuli\',\'Donglin 4\',\'Donglin 6\',\'Donglin 9\', and \'Donglin 13\'.There were 3 cultivars and lines,which were less tolerant,i.e.,\'Fenmeigui\', \'Donglin 1\',and \'Donglin 2\';The determination of electrolyte leakage,and contents of free proline,MDA,CAT,fructose,glucose and soluble sugars on 7 lines of chrysanthemums at different stages freezing showed that \'Xuetao\' and \'Donglin 4\' were more tolerant than others, and that especially \'Donglin 4\' was able to regulate its osmotic pathway to alleviate the \'injury degree\' caused by freezing conditions.2.Protein expression profile of chrysanthemum under low temperature stressTwo-dimensional liquid chromatography was applied to fractionate and analyze total protein taken from \'Donglin 4\' leaves grown at low temperature and at normal condition. Chromatography peaks of fraction were transformed to gel graph by ProteoVue software.

主要研究结果如下：1、露地菊抗冻品种和品系的筛选利用受伤率和伤害指数两项指标对27个露地菊品系进行耐低温筛选，筛选出'金不换\'、'雪涛\'、'富丽\'、'东林4号\'、'东林6号\'、'东林9号\'、'东林13号\'等7个耐低温品系，同时发现'粉玫瑰\'、'东林1号\'、'东林2号\'三个品系的耐低温能力最差；通过对不同自然低温处理时期，7个品系的电导率、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、过氧化氢酶、果糖、葡萄糖和可溶性糖等指标的测定发现，'雪涛\'和'东林4号\'的耐低温能力要强于其它品系，尤其是'东林4号\'对低温的调节能力较强，在低温胁迫下，能够调节渗透途径减轻低温的伤害。2、低温胁迫下，露地菊蛋白质表达谱分析利用二维液相色谱技术，分离了'东林4号\'露地菊品系的低温处理和对照样品的总蛋白，通过ProteoVue软件分析发现：处理样品与对照相比共有蛋白差异点36个，其中显著增强表达的蛋白差异点有26个。

During the 19th and 20th centuries there were huge achievements on philosophy literature art and music; a variety of activities were also booming at that time Richard Strauss(1864-1949) born at that era when the social phenomena influenced his music learning process combined the classical and romantic music styles and further developed his unique composing style There were 5 chapters in the dissertation The research motivation purposes methodology and the literature review were included in Chapter One Chapter 2 focused on understanding how the history background and personal attitude influenced Richard Strauss' composing style Through the study of the romantic musicians like Franz Schubert1797-1828 Robert Schumann(1810-1856 Johannes Brahms(1833-1897) Hugo Wolf(1860-1903) Gustav Mahler(1860-1911) and etc I attempted to get a complete picture of musical evolution in Chapter 3 In addition Richard's classic compositions were categorized and organized in order to gain a deep understanding of his music From the study and the analysis of Strauss'"Vier letzte Lieder" the features styles the format and the life of the two poets Hermann Hesse1877-1962）and Joseph von Eichendorff(1788-1857 were explored and the relationship between the music of this composition and the poetry were also discussed Chapter 5 summarized the main arguments to give a short account of Strauss' lifetime rich experiences and thinking in his eighties

横跨十九、二十世纪的理察·史特劳斯（Richard Strauss，1864-1949）正是欧洲人文发展空前灿烂的年代，无论在哲学思想、文学、美术以及音乐方面，都有辉煌的成就。在他音乐学习历程中，结合了古典时期及浪漫时期两种音乐风格，发展出独特的作曲风格。本论文分成五章：第一章绪论包括研究动机、研究目的、研究方法及步骤以及文献探讨；第二章则从对理查史特劳斯生平的详实记载中，了解他创作作品的时代背景和心情；第三章则就浪漫时期艺术歌曲作家舒伯特（Franz Schubert1797-1828）、舒曼（Robert Schumann1810-1856）、布拉姆斯（Johannes Brahms1833-1897）、沃尔夫（Hugo Wolf1860-1903）及马勒（Gustav Mahler1860-1911）等，以诗人、旋律、伴奏型态及曲式和声，稍加整理并说明，以便了解艺术歌曲在此时期之演变过程。并将理查史特劳斯艺术歌曲作品分类统整，藉此对他的艺术歌曲能有更深一步的了解。第四章《四首最后的歌》之音乐探究与分析，则探讨此部作品诗人赫塞（Hermann Hesse 1877 - 1962）及艾辛朵夫（Joseph von Eichendorff﹐1788-1857）的生平和作品特色，以及诗的结构与格式，和此部作品音乐与诗的关系。第五章结语说明史特劳斯一生丰富经历与晚年想法，创作出一组宁静感人又深刻的终曲。

The trials were carried out in field experiment and artificial climate incubator. The sugar beet growth buds were treated at 1～3pairs of true leaves with gibberellin , autix , naphthaleneacetic acid and kinetin , and the plant growth regulating substances enhancing bolting of sugar beet in the first year and its doses were selected out. The sugar beet seedling induced by temperature and light were treated by abscisic acid , maleic hydrazide , uniconazole (S-3307) and paclobutrazol (PP333), and the plant growth regulating substances which make bolting reverse and their doses were screen out. The mechanisms of bolting and bolting reversing were discussed by examining the changes of endogenous hormones, activities of correlative enzyme to bolting, soluble protein, components of amino acid in the protein, components of fatty acid. The results were as follow

本研究通过田间试验和人工气候箱培养相结合的方法，在甜菜幼苗1~3对真叶时利用赤霉素、生长素、奈乙酸和激动素等生长调节物质处理茎生长点，筛选促进甜菜当年抽苔的植物生长物质及剂量；同时利用脱落酸、马来酰肼、烯效唑（S-3307）和多效唑（PP333）等处理经温光诱导当年抽苔的甜菜幼苗，筛选对当年抽苔逆转有效的种类和剂量，并通过测定内源激素含量、相关酶活性、可溶性蛋白质含量和氨基酸组分及脂肪酸含量及其组分的变化，探讨甜菜当年抽苔和抽苔逆转的机理，得到如下结论

Six cadavers were prepared for necroscopy, operative procedure of ILIF were simulated on L3-S1, and all related important anatomic structure and their relationship were observed and record. ILIF with transpedicle screw fixation were also performed with cage insertion.3. Twelve fresh frozen bovine lumbar functional spinal units were prepared for biomechanical testing. According to the different treatment order, the specimens were devided into 7 groups, which included: 1intact specimens, 2specimens were treated by left unilateral facetectomy and had homolateral anatomical threaded cages inserted, 3 TLIF with homolateral pedicle screw fixation, 4 TLIF with bilateral pedicle screw fixation, 5 specimens had anatomical threaded cages inserted on the left by intertransverse process approach, 6 ILIF with homolateral pedicle screw fixation, 7 ILIF with bilateral pedicle screw fixation.

方法1、对20名正常志愿者L3-S1节段进行CT增强+三维重建检查，在三维重建图形上测量横突长度、上下横突间距、椎间孔外椎间隙高度及斜径，观查横突间区域血管走形特点并测量血管内径，然后进行统计分析及评价。2、采用福尔马林固定尸体标本六具，模拟ILIF手术对L3-S1节段进行操作，观察横突间区域重要结构的位置和毗邻关系，并模拟同侧椎弓根钉和单枚椎间融合器的置入过程，探讨该术式存在的问题并改进。3、采用小牛脊柱运动节段标本12具，依序进行不同处理后分为以下7组：⑴正常对照组CG⑵左侧小关节切除+椎间融合器植入组(TLIF⑶TLIF附加同侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑷TLIF附加双侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑸左侧横突间入路椎间融合器植入组ILIF⑹ILIF附加同侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑺ILIF附加双侧椎弓根钉固定组。

Species-pairs were positive correlation,including 10 species-pairs were higher significant positive correlation and 24 speciespairs were significant positive correlation, and 263 species-pairs were negative correlation, including 8 species-pairs were higher significant negative correlation and 28 species-pairs were significant negative correlation, which were tested by Spearman＇ s rank correlation coefficient.

正负相关比为0.7643，显著种对占总对数的15.05%，群落优势种种间多呈不显著关联。2）按照31个建群种和优势种对环境的适应方式和主导生态因素，它们被划分为2个生态种组：芦苇组和早熟禾组。3）关帝山撂荒地植物群落以退耕还林的先锋物种为主，表明植物群落处于森林植被恢复的初期演替阶段。

A prediction model has been proposed to deal with threshold voltage shift as a function of 1MeV neutron flux and gate oxide thickness, and to deal with room-temperature annealing of threshold voltage shift induced-by 〓Coγ as a function of electric field and gate oxide thickness. The commonness and individuality of MOS device degradation between hot-carrier effect and ionizing radiation were investigated. The dependence of substrate current, gate current and threshold voltage shift due to hot-carrier on gate oxide thickness were simulated with MEDICI-2D simulator. The photocurrents of PN junction and bipolar transistor were studied. Their transient responses on varied bias voltages, pulse durations and absorbed doses were simulated. The influences of NPN base width on base and collector photocurrents were investigated. We also studied 1MeV neutron displacement damage in PN junction, and calculated reverse current leakage under the neutron flux of 2. 67×10〓 per square centimeter. 3 The study of nondestructive screening method for MOS radiation tolerance A theoretical and experimental study of nondestructive screening methods for radiation tolerance of nMOS and pMOS were firstly fulfilled. We determined the informative parameters pertinent to the method and proposed how to deal with experimental data and verify obtained results statistically, as well as make the required steps for nondestructive screening. Based on the experimental data of 180 samples of discrete pMOS devices, the relation between sample quantity and correlation coefficient, screening equation, and other significant results were obtained from the threshold voltage shifts of pre-and post-irradiation samples.

二、分立器件电离和位移辐射损伤响应研究在国内首次开展了电离辐射引起的氧化层阈值电压漂移和退火理论研究，编程计算了1MeV中子引起的MOS器件阈值电压漂移与中子通量及栅氧厚度的关系，计算了〓Coγ光子引起的阈值电压漂移及退火的时效曲线与纵向电场和栅氧厚度的关系等，对评估MOS型集成电路电离损伤和加固方法研究，以及论文中开展的MOSFETs无损筛选方法研究奠定了基础；分析了MOS器件热载流子损伤效应与辐射电离损伤效应之间的异同性，利用二维模拟软件MEDICI-2D模拟了衬底电流和栅电流，在不同栅氧厚度下随栅压的变化曲线，计算了热载流子效应造成的阈值电压漂移，研究结果对当前存在的以热载流子效应研究取代电离辐射损伤实验研究的设想，具有重要的参考价值；开展了PN结和双极晶体管电离光电流研究，计算了不同偏压、不同辐射脉宽和不同吸收剂量下PN结光电流的瞬时响应，计算了不同辐射脉宽下NPN晶体管基极电流和收集极电流的瞬时响应，以及基区宽度对NPN晶体管光电流的影响，研究结果对双极器件抗电离辐射损伤响应及加固方法研究具有重要意义；在国内首次开展了器件位移损伤的理论研究，分析了辐射产生的缺陷对电性能的影响，计算了注量为2.67×10〓cm〓的1MeV中子产生的缺陷对PN结反向电流的影响。

The concentrations of CO2, CF4, thionyl sulfide (SOF2), sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2), disulfuryl decafluoride (S2OF10), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfureted hydrogen (H2S) were in partial normal distribution. The concentrations of CO2, CF4, SOF2, SO2F2, S2OF10 were all below 0.1%; the concentrations of SO2 were below 3μL/L; the concentrations of H2S were below 1μL/L. The SF6 byproducts concentrations in 500kV GIS were lower than those in 220kV GIS. The SF6 byproducts concentrations were lower in GIS that have been operating longer. The SF6 byproducts concentrations were significantly different in equipment from different manufacturers.

结果显 示：SF6 GIS 中CO2、CF4、氟化亚硫酰（SOF2）、氟化硫酰（SO2F2）、十氟化二硫酰（S2OF10）、二氧化硫（SO2）和硫化氢（H2S）都成偏正态分布，其中，CO2、CF4、SOF2、 SO2F2、S2OF10 的含量均小于0.1％，SO2 的含量均低于3μL/L，H2S 的含量均低于1μL/L.500kV GIS 设备中SF6 分解产物含量低于220kV GIS 设备；运行时间越长，设备中SF6 分解产物的含量越高；不同设备厂商的GIS 中 SF6 分解产物含量有显著性区别。

The geology research of carbonate reservoirs in Ordovician of Tahe oilfield showed that many large dissolved vugs and fractures were developed. The spread of the reservoir take on a very heterogeneous state. And the typical fractured-vuggy reservoirs was formed. According to the combination of the various spaces, the formation was divided into vuggy formation, fractured-vuggy formation and fractured formation. The research showed that development of the vug is relevant to the its position on the structure, the fractures, the water surface and the weathering surface. Multi-phase charge and recharge of the oil in the reservoirs resulted in the complexity of the fluid distribution. So the"Bottle Model"was brought forward to explain the movement of the water-oil contact. The special storage space and the complex fluid distribution lead to the unstability of the production and the complexity of the water cut. In order to explain the characteristic of the fracture-vug unit was brought forward and the basic principle and method of the partition of the fracture-vug unit was formed. The classification and evaluation of the units were performed according the reserve and energy. Based on the research of geology characteristic and the fluid flow in the reservoir the comprehensive numerical simulation plan of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs were established. Through the selection of the simulation unit, fluid flow type and parameter equivalent the triple media reservoir simulation model was established. Considering the practical application the model was resolved by the DKR decomposition conjugate grads method. Based on the fine reservoir description of Dsitrict IV of the Tahe oilfield the various space type were classified and combined together. The geology model of Unit S48 was constructed. Two typical single well model was established according to the geology and the dynamic phenomena. Finally the single well model and the Unit S48 were simulated by the triple media reservoir simulator. Via the local grid refinement and coarsening in the simulation good matchs were gained. Based on the results of the simulation the reserve distribution, percent of reserve produced in various space and the natural energy were analyzed. The fluid was storaged in the fractures and vugs mostly and more than 90% the produced oil came from the systems. The energy belonged to the active one. The results of simulation accorded with the fact and showed the validity and practicability the research and the simulator.

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏的地质研究表明，其储层中发育着很多大型的溶蚀洞、缝，储层的平面展布呈现出极度的非均质性，形成了典型的缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，根据各种孔隙介质在储层中的组合，将储层分为了溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型三类；研究表明溶洞储层的发育和构造位置、裂缝的发育、潜水面和风化面的位置等因素有关；多期充注的油气成藏模式导致了流体复杂的赋存状态，由此提出了所谓的"瓶子模型"，解释生产过程中油水界面的变化；特殊的储集空间类型和流体分布特征导致油田在开发过程中表现出很大的不确定性和含水变化的复杂性，为了合理的解释油气田开发过程中的动态特征，提出了"缝洞单元"的概念，并制定了"缝洞单元"纵横向划分的基本原则和依据及划分方法，并对"缝洞单元"进行了分类和评价；基于地质特征和流体在其中流动规律的研究，提出了缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟综合解决方案，通过模拟单元的选择、流动类型和参数的等效，建立了三重介质油藏三维三相数值模拟模型，采用不完全LU分解预处理共轭梯度法进行了求解；在塔河油田4区精细油藏描述的基础上，将各种类型的孔隙空间进行了归类组合，建立了S48单元的地质模型；通过对油井生产动态进行分析研究，建立了两类和油井地质、生产动态相对应的单井模型；最后应用三重介质油藏数值模拟软件对单井模型和S48单元进行了数值模拟，通过局部加密和粗化等技术模拟流体流动规律，取得了很好的拟合效果；结合数值模拟结果，分析了各种介质中的储量分布、储量产出的百分比以及地层的能量，认为塔河油田缝洞型油藏中流体绝大多数储集于缝洞系统之中，所产出流体90%以上也来自于缝洞系统，其底水能量属于较充足的类型；模拟结果和油田实际情况符合较好，说明了地质研究和油藏数值模拟研究的正确性。

The BMSCs were divided into six groups after repeatedly passaged: A,the BMSCs were cultured with conventional culture fluid(DMEM culture fluid+20%fetal bovine serum+2 mmol/L aminoglutaric acid amine) all the time;B,the BMSCs were cultured with conventional culture fluid+HGF(25ng/ml)+dexamethasone10~(-7M;C(HGF and Zuoguiwan induced group), the BMSCs were cultured with conventional culture fluid+ HGF(25ng/ml)+ dexamethasone10~(-7M+ 10%Zuoguiwan drug serum;D(conditioned medium and contrast serum induced group), the BMSCs were cultured with conventional culture fluid+50 % conditioned medium+10 % normal rat serum;E(conditioned medium and Bazhentang drug serum induced group), the BMSCs were cultured with conventional culture fluid+50 % conditioned medium+10 % Bazhentang drug serum;F(conditioned medium and Zuoguiwan drug serum induced group), the BMSCs were cultured with conventional culture fluid+50 % conditioned medium+10% Zuoguiwan drug serum.

常规培养组始终使用常规培养液(DMEM培养液+体积分数20％胎牛血清+2mmol／L谷氨酸胺)进行培养；HGF诱导组以常规培养液+促肝细胞生长因子(HGF，25ng／ml)和地塞米松10~(-7M进行培养；HGF加左归丸组以常规培养液+促肝细胞生长因子(HGF，25ng／ml)和地塞米松10~(-7／M+10％的左归丸含药血清进行培养；条件培养液加对照血清组以常规培养液+50％的条件培养液+10％正常大鼠血清进行培养；条件培养液加八珍汤组以常规培养液+50％的条件培养液+10％八珍汤含药血清进行培养；条件培养液加左归丸组以常规培养液+50％的条件培养液+10％左归丸含药血清进行培养。

The ELISA titre was 1:2000.By cell fusion, 46 hybridoma cell lines were screened,and 10 lines were cloned with limited dilution method.16 lines secreting anti-bFGF monoclonal antibody were been developed, and 2 lines targeted fusion protein. Sensitive ELISA and dot-ELISA for bFGF was developed with this mAb. The detection limit of them were 0.1 ng/well and 0.5 ng/well. The expression level of anti-bFGF mAb by different rebuilt engineering cells were identified by western blot and to direct rebuild recombiment engineering cell. The dose and character of anti-bFGF mAb inhibiting bFGF biology activity were searched by 3T3 cell line. Searching 20 tissue of liver cancer, liver cancer cell lines and general tissue of liver, finding bFGF were highly expressed in tissues of liver cancer and liver cancer cell lines. Affinity chromatography purifying bFGF was set up by mAb binging CNBr-pepharose 4B, and the purification was 95%. We found that the titer of anti-bFGF antibody was very high in serum of neuropathic amyotrophia.

应用细胞融合制备46株杂交瘤，对其中10株进行克隆化，获得bFGF特异单抗16株，2株针对融合蛋白；应用该单抗建立了0.1ng/孔灵敏度的ELISA，0.5ng/孔敏度的斑点ELISA；用Western-blotting鉴别了经改造不同工程菌蛋白表达，指导重组工程菌改造；用3T3细胞培养研究了单抗抑制bFGF生物学活性的剂量和特点；合作研究了20例肝癌、肝癌细胞株和正常肝组织，发现前者bFGF高表达；应用单抗偶联CNBr-sepharose 4B建立了小量免疫亲和层析纯化bFGF，纯度达到95%；发现神经性肌萎缩患者血清中含有高滴度的bFGF抗体，已有10多家单位引用单抗或进行合作。

But this is impossible, as long as it is engaging in a market economy, there are risks in any operation.

但是，这是不可能的，只要是搞市场经济，是有风险的任何行动。

We're on the same wavelength.

我们是同道中人。