查询词典 arithmetic

There are two means to measure the average prices of the assets in an Asian option theoretically:with the arithmetic average and with the geometric average.

亚式期权有两种理论上的表示方式，即采用算术平均法计算资产价格的平均值和采用几何平均法计算资产价格的平均值。

In this paper we considered three problems on Asian options pricing: The valuation of geometric average Asian options with stochastic averaging period, the valuation of Asian options with fixed strike price and floating strike price in the case of arithmetic average.

本文考虑了三个关于亚式期权的定价问题：平均周期是随机的几何平均亚式期权的定价；具有固定执行价格的算术平均亚式期权的定价和具有浮动执行价格的算术平均亚式期权的定价。

The main results are as follows:We review the existing Monte Carlo control variates estimators of the price of Asian options and propose a new one. According to pratical needs, we define efficiency as the inverse of the product of the variance of an estimator and its computational time and make it a standard for comparisons to draw the following conclusions: Firstly, the more control variates correlate with arithmetic average Asian options, the larger is the efficiency of an estimator with these control variates, but among which the geometric average option plays the most important role; Secondly, an estimator with more control variates is better than one with less ones only when the time to maturity is long and the volatility is high.

在综合已有研究工作的基础上，本论文的主要创新成果如下：（1）我们回顾了已有的亚洲期权价格的蒙特卡罗控制变量估计，并提出了一个新的控制变量估计，且从客观实际出发，将估计值的方差和计算时间的乘积的倒数定义为效率并以它为标准比较各估计，得到以下结论：与算术平均亚洲期权相关程度越大的控制变量构成的估计的效率越大，而其中起主要作用的控制变量为几何平均亚洲期权的价格；只有在到期时间较长且标的资产的波动率较大时，元素多的多元控制变量估计比元素少的效率大。

Two amelioration operators were developed, such as the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers weighted arithmetic average operator, and the f interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers weighted geometric average operator.

定义了三角和区间直觉模糊集的一些运算法则，给出了直觉模糊集两个改进算子，即三角模糊数加权算术平均算子和区间直觉模糊数加权几何平均算子。

Beginning with a general mean function, the model analyzes the distance between the arithmetic average and geometric average by Taylor's expanding.

第二章介绍了亚式期权定价研究中的市场结构、一般原理和若干重要的定价方法：PDE偏微分方程法；埃级沃斯级数展开近似定价；倒数分布近似定价；条件期望近似定价；执行价格调整近似定价，这些方法使亚式期权的定价得到了很大的发展。

The algorithms are respectively to compute arithmetic mean of the probabilities and normalized geometric mean of the probabilities.

采用公理化方法给出了相应的算法，这两个算法算法分别是对概率进行算术平均和几何平均，再进行归一化处理。

The main omissions are extended-precision arithmetic; the goto statement; nonstructured forms of switch such as Duff's device; passing struct and union parameters and results by value; and functions with variable numbers of arguments.

而忽略的主要是扩展精度类型的算术运算(long long和long double)； goto 语句；如达夫设备(Duff's device)之类的非结构化switch转移；结构体、联合体参数传递和结果值返回；以及带有变长参数的函数。

Our research works are using dummy instrument techniques and digital PID control arithmetic to complete digital electrostatic feedback system and data managing works of LCR-ET model gravimeter.

本项研究工作是利用虚拟仪器技术和数字PID控制算法，实现LCR-ET重力仪的数字静电反馈系统和数据管理工作。

During the course of using the digital image processing to research and analyze the glass-crack image, apply Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 grogram language to develop this inspecting system and make the varied arithmetic some individual processing modules. From the open, read and storage of the image to the image segmentation, feature selection until the crack judgment, this system all utilize the modularization program method.

在利用数字图像处理技术研究和分析裂纹图像的过程中，应用了可视化编程语言Visual Basic6.0来开发该检测系统，将各种算法分别做成一个个单独的处理模块，从图像文件的读取、保存到图像预处理在到图像分割、特征提取直至裂纹判断都采用了模块化的编程方法，这样不仅便于算法的编程，还可以使操作界面清晰明了，便于对图像进行处理和操作，提高处理速度。

NET grogram language to develop thisseparating system and makethe varied arithmetic some individual processing moddes.Fromtheopen,read and storage of the image to the image segmentation,feature selection until thejudgment,this system all utilize the modularization program method.

NET来开发和实现了该系统，将各种算法分别做成一个个单独的处理模块，从图像文件的读取、保存到图像预处理再到图像分割、特征提取直至判断识别都采用了模块化编程方法，这样不仅便于算法实现，还可使操作界面清晰明了，更有利于将来系统的维护和升级。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。