查询词典 arithmetic mean

Results the mean time of removed t-tube in patients with biliary leak were (28.7±7.3) days,the mean serum albumin level were (33.4±2.5)g/l,the mean hemoglobin level (116.5±17.3)g/l;while the mean time of removed t-tube in patients without biliary leak were (24.3±6.5)days,the mean serum albumin level were (37.9±1.7)g/l,the mean hemoglobin level (143.4±12.7)g/l.conclusion dystrophia is the reason of most biliary leak after removed t-tube.

结果 拔t管后胆漏病人的平均拔管时间为(28.7±7.3)天，血浆白蛋白(33.4±2.5)g/l，血红蛋白(116.5±17.3)g/l；无胆漏病人t管拔除的平均天数是(24.3±6.5)天，血浆白蛋白(37.9±1.7)g/l，血红蛋白(143.4±12.7)g/l。结论 t型引流管拔除后胆漏的主要原因是病人的营养状态差。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

由于BOM没有考虑透射太阳辐射的物理过程，研究表明透射太阳辐射对北冰洋的能量收支起到重要作用，因此在BOM模式中引入了对透射太阳辐射的处理；通过对不同水道反照率的数值试验表明海冰厚度对水道反照率的敏感性不强，可能与海冰区水道面积占的比率很小有关；而模式模拟的北极海冰夏季&过度融化&主要源于NCEP再分析资料提供了偏大的太阳短波辐射；对北极海冰的气候变率进行了模拟研究，结果表明：模拟的海冰厚度变化与潜艇探测的海冰吃深度变化具有一致性；模拟和观测的亚欧大陆沿海的年内最大海冰厚度有很好的相关；模拟的海冰移速与长期平均的卫星反演的海冰移速具有相同的速度分布特征；模拟的各个海区海冰面积的变化趋势与卫星反演资料分析的结果基本一致；模拟与观测的主要海洋分区的海冰密集度具有很好的相关：弗瑞姆海峡的海冰体积和面积的输送涉及到海冰密集度、厚度和移动速度，是判断模式模拟能力的一个综合的指标，模式模拟的结果与卫星反演或重建的面积输送、体积输送具有很好的一致性；(5)分析了模拟的北极海冰厚度的气候变率及气候平均表层海流场，结果表明：北极海冰的总体积有显著减少的趋势，北极海冰总体积的变化具有10a际尺度振荡的特点，存在18-20a和12-13a两个主周期；北极海冰的平均厚度在各个海区的变化趋势不同，在巴伦支—喀拉海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海地区海冰厚度有显著的增加趋势，而其它海区存在减少的趋势；通过对模拟的气候平均表层海流的分析表明，北极河流流量超前弗瑞姆海峡海冰流量7-10年的特征时间尺度与表层海流的气候分布存在着必然联系：(6)利用模拟结果以及中国降水、气温和热带关键区SST资料，讨论了北极各海区海冰平均厚度与中国降水、气温以及热带关键区SST的关系，结果表明：在北极中心海区和楚科奇—波弗特海海冰厚度偏大，在巴伦支—喀拉海以及巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏小，则中国降水在华南地区、青藏高原和东北北部降水偏少，反之相反；在北极中心海区、东西伯利亚海、楚科奇—波弗特海以及格陵兰海海冰厚度偏小，在巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大，则在中国东北地区、高原南部地区和海南岛附近气温偏低，反之相反；另外，北极楚科奇—波弗特海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大时，在热带中东太平洋海温偏高，而在热带东南印度洋海温偏低。

Uses the arithmetic mean of the mean peak force and the mean valley force.

4使用算术平均的平均峰值力及平均谷武力。

And use frequency formula or weighted harmonic mean formula of weighted arithmetic mean formula to get its mean value.

利用加权算数平均数的频数公式或加权调和平均数公式求其平均值。

The main research work of this paper are focused on following areas:(1) Based on review of the theory and methods on measurements of particle fields, a new idea for obtaining particle size and velocity distribution within a spray through imaging the particle field with a laser light sheet was put forward;(2) A DPIV (Digital Particle Image Velocimetry) system, is fit for velocity measurements of low speed flows, was developed and expended to particle size distribution measurement;(3) An arithmetic for particle velocity field reconstruction was developed, and the velocity distribution of water mist was also obtained;(4) A software system for particle analysis, which based on image geometry emend, de-noise and image partition was developed, the parameters such as particle size distribution, mean diameter, number of particles, minimum and maximum diameter can be got with this system;(5) A water mist system was developed and its characteristics, such as droplet velocity, size distribution, number of droplets and spray cone angle under different conditions were obtained from experiments with PIVS;(6) The measurement results of water mist characteristics with PIVS were compared and analyzed with the simply simulated results, and in addition, in order to verify the accuracy of PIVS, some experiments were conducted with the standard particles, such as glass-ball with known mean diameter of 50μm and 115μm, metallic coated tracing particle with mean diameter of 12μm;(7) Some experimental studies on interaction of water mist with liquid pool fires were conducted.

本论文的主要工作包括以下几个方面：（1）在对粒子场测量的相关理论和具体方法进行综述分析的基础上，提出了通过采用激光片光对粒子场进行成像以获取其粒径和速度等参数分布的新思路；（2）研制了适宜于低速流动速度场测量的DPIV(Digital Particle Image Velocimetry)系统，并使其实现了对粒子场粒径分布的测量功能；（3）研制了基于粒子运动轨迹的速度场重建算法，获取了细水雾雾场的速度分布；（4）研制了基于几何校正、去噪、图象分割等图象处理方法的"粒度分析软件系统"，该系统既可分析给出粒子场的粒径分布直方图和平均粒径，还可给出粒子的数目以及最大、最小粒径等信息；（5）建立了一细水雾发生系统，并应用上述方法对不同压力条件下细水雾系统的雾场特性（如速度分布、雾滴粒径分布、雾滴的数目、喷雾张角以及雾化长度等）进行了实验测量研究；（6）对细水雾特性参数的PIVS测量结果与计算机简单模拟计算结果进行了定性比较分析，并利用平均粒径为50μm和115μm的玻璃球以及12μm的标准示踪粒子对PIVS系统的粒径和速度测量结果进行了实验验证，同时对其局限性进行了分析讨论；（7）对不同工况条件下细水雾与油池火相互作用的过程进行了模拟实验研究。

When using relative number or average number to get averaging, you may use denominator or numerator of this relative number or average number as weight number to weigh the relative number or average number,and use frequency formula or weighted harmonic mean formula of weighted arithmetic mean formula to get its mean value.

在由相对数或平均数求平均数时，可以以这一相对数或平均数的分母或分子为权数，对这一相对数或平均数进行加权，利用加权算数平均数的频数公式或加权调和平均数公式求其平均值。

In this article, the effect on the surface topography of the same material was analyzed by different processing methods, the value of surface parameter arithmetic mean R, root-mean-square roughness R and gradient root-mean-square value Z were used to appreciate the surface topography, and the data were processed with the software Matlab.

分析不同加工方法对同一种材料表面形貌的影响，采用表面形貌统计参数中的轮廓高度算术平均值R、轮廓高度均方根值R、坡度均方根值Z，对表面形貌进行评价，结果表明，准分子激光加工表面的R、R，和Z，值均比研磨加工表面小。

Compared with the arithmetic mean values of the emissivities within 8-14urn IR spectral band,the theoretical formula and its practical uses for calculating the mean value of the emissivity with the mean spectral emissivities are determined in narrow bands.

就8～14μm红外光谱区内利用测得的多个窄波段的平均光谱比辐射率计算该光谱区的平均比辐射率进行了理论分析和实验研究；并与相应的算术平均值进行了比较。

The first part is introduction in which some excellent results are given. For example, LeachandSholander mean of two variables E and its monotonicity, Some results of paper and [4] are also given. In Chapter l,mean function and mean family of n variables in one dimension are given. On the base of mean function of n variables of paper [1], weproof that is mean function and discuss its monotonicity andcontinuity.

第一部分是引言，主要介绍了一些已有的结果，如：一般的两个变元的Leach and Sholander均值B以及它的单调性，又介绍了文[1][4]中一些已有的结果，第一章主要介绍了一维n元平均函数和平均族，在已有的文[1]中给出的参差域K上的n元平均函数概念的基础上，证明一般形式的是平均函数，讨论了它的单调性和连续性，其中还将已有的二元Stolarsky平均推广到了n元平均。

The LMD algorithm uses extrema to define the local mean and envelope, then to smooth the mean and envelope. To decrease errors in the smoothing process by using moving averaging, a new local mean and envelope definition method (the spline-based LMD) is proposed. The upper envelope and the lower envelope are obtained by connecting the local maxima and the local minima using a cubic spline line. The local mean is defined as a mean of the upper envelope and the lower envelope. A nonlinear simulation signal and a practical vibration signal are decomposed by the LMD and the spline-based LMD.

LMD算法用极值点来定义局部均值函数和局域包络函数，然后用滑动平均来平滑均值和包络函数，针对用滑动平均平滑均值和包络函数误差较大的缺点，提出了采用三次样条对上、下极值点分别插值求得上下包络线，然后由上下包络线的平均获得局部平均函数，由上下包络线相减的绝对值获得局部包络的方法。

Green function defined inphase space differs from one in coordinate space by its struc-ture which exhibits nonlocatity in coordinates and oscillatorybehavior with respect to momenta.

在相空间中定义的Green函数不同于通常坐标空间的Green函数，在结构上显示出对坐标的高度非局域性，而对动量则显示出振荡行为。

The upper front part of a saddle;a saddlebow.

前鞍桥马鞍前面的上部分；前鞍桥