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X-ray diffraction is one of the most common and efficient ways to measure a superlattice structure. This dissertation displays the detail results for characterization of Ge〓Si〓/Si superlattices by x-ray diffraction (including x-ray small angle diffraction and double crystal diffraction). It was found, when the growth temperature is lower, the intensities of xray small angle diffraction peaks are modulated by a periodical function, which indicates that both sets of interfaces of the superlattice is highly flat; when the growth temperature is higher, the diffraction peak intensities are simply decay with the increase of diffraction vector, which indicates that one set of interfaces is highly flat but another is not; when the growth temperature is very high, the diffraction peaks are reduced more rapidly, which indicates that both sets of interfaces are not ideal.

本文详细介绍了用X-射线衍射（包括X-射线小角衍射和双晶衍射）方法对Ge〓Si〓/Si超晶格结构特性测试的结果，尤其是发现，当Ge〓Si〓/Si超晶格的生长温度较低时，X-射线小角衍射谱峰的强度随着衍射波矢的增加而周期性调制，表明超晶格的两套界面都十分平整；当生长温度较高时，Ge〓Si〓Si超晶格的X-射线小角衍射谱峰的强度随着衍射波矢呈简单的衰减变化，对应于超晶格内有一套界面不平整的情况；当生长温度进一步提高时，X-射线小角衍射峰明显减少，表明超晶格内两套界面都不理想。

The static model of torsion joint is based on that of bending joint. The effects of structure parameters inside air pressure, initial angle, rube average radius, rube shell thickness on the turning angle are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the relationship between the angle of torsion joint and the inside air pressure is basically linear, the angle of torsion joint increases with the initial angle and rube average radius, the angle of torsion joint decreases while the rube shell thickness increases. The kinetic equation is built for torsion joint. Simulating experiment implies that the time of inflating and deflating process is extremely shorter than that of kinetic process. So the pneumatic process can be ignored in actual system design and control. The factors that affect the dynamic features of torsion joint, such as shell thickness of rubber tube, average radius, initial angle, connector's outlet area, moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient, are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the change of rube shell thickness has no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure while greatly affects the turning angle of torsion joint; when the rube shell thickness is small, the torsion joint has a bigger turning angle, no overshoot and long risetime, when the shell thickness is big, the turning angle of torsion joint is small, but has high response speed, overshoot and low shock; when the rube average radius increases, the turning angle of torsion joint increases and the overshoot increases too; when the initial angle of torsion joint is big, the turning joint is big, the overshoot is small and shock is low, but the risetime is big; the connector's outlet area affects the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure greatly, but has no effects on the dynamic process of turning angle; moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient have no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure, but affect the dynamic process of turning angle greatly.

在弯曲关节模型推导的基础上，建立扭转关节的静态模型，并分析了扭转关节内腔压力，初始转角，橡胶管平均半径，橡胶管壁厚等参数对关节转角的影响，得出扭转关节的转动角度与充入FPA内腔的压缩气体压力之间基本呈线性关系，扭转关节的转角随初始角度和橡胶管平均半径的增大而增大，扭转关节的转角随橡胶管壁厚的增大而减小的结论；建立了扭转关节的动力学方程，仿真实验表明FPA的充放气过程与扭转关节的动力学过程相比时间极短，在实际系统设计和控制过程中可以忽略不计；分析讨论橡胶管壁厚，平均半径，初始角度，气体节流口面积，转动惯量，粘性阻尼系数等因素对扭转关节动态特性的影响，得出橡胶管初始壁厚的变化对扭转关节FPA内腔压力的动态响应几乎没有影响而对关节转角的响应曲线影响比较明显，壁厚较小时，关节可以得到较大的转角，并且转角的响应曲线没有超调，但上升时间长，壁厚较大时，关节转角变小，响应加快，但是有超调和轻微振荡现象，橡胶管平均半径越大，得到的关节转角越大，但是转角响应的超调量也随之增大，FPA的初始角度越大，关节的转角越大，并且超调量减小，振荡减弱，但是上升时间增大，管接头出口面积的大小对关节FPA内腔压力的建立过程影响较大，但对关节转角的动态响应几乎没有影响，转动惯量和粘性阻尼系数对FPA内腔压力的动态过程几乎没有影响而对扭转关节转角有较大影响等结论。

These above problems, which are very important and valuable in agricultural crops area monitoring, are currently less researched. Hence, in this paper, seven types of common texture and five vegetation indices were respectively added into TM multispectral bands to classify using three different methods, which are Minimum Distance, Maximum Likelihood and Support Vector Machine, and analyze the effect on winter wheat identification accuracy by comparing the classification results. The contexture include Mean, Variance, Homogeneity, Contrast, Dissimilarity, Entropy, Variance, Angular Second Moment and Correlation, and the vegetation indices are RVI, SAVI, RDVI, NDWI and SLAVI.

为此，该文将平均值、方差、均一性、反差、相异性、熵、角二阶矩、灰度相关7种纹理信息以及比值植被指数、土壤调整植被指数、重归一化植被指数、植被液态水含量指数、有效叶面积植被指数5种植被指数信息分别加入到TM多光谱数据中，同时还进行了最佳波段选择，利用最小距离、最大似然和支持向量机3种方法进行分类提取小麦，研究了不同特征信息对小麦测量精度的影响。

Existing research results in various oceanatmosphere coupled models are comprehensively analyzed based on three aspects: the impact of SOFF on global thermohaline circulation and sealevel change and the propagation path of anomalous signal induced by SOFF. A wide range of different viewpoints on the SOFF are summarized; controversial questions are discussed and valuable research directions in the future are suggested. Furthermore, a perspective on the research prospect of this topic under global warming is provided.

从南大洋淡水通量异常对热盐环流和海平面变化的影响以及异常信号传播路径等3个方面系统分析了各种海洋-大气耦合数值模式的已有研究结果，总结了与这一问题有关的各种不同学术观点，对目前存有争议的问题进行了讨论，并对未来有价值的研究方向和全球变暖背景下这一问题的研究前景进行了展望。

Pig ,You are vivid. You are being with human infront of God . When you are down to the earth , You are human's appendant.

猪，你也是生灵，在面前，你与人同在，下落凡尘，你是人的附庸。

Some of the influences are positive, some of them are negative;and some are strong, some are weak. How to apprize the influence fully and synthetically?

公路建设对洞庭湖的影响又有正面和负面之分，即影响有利有弊，有强有弱，如何综合全面地评价公路建设对湖区各个方面的影响呢？

There are eleven in Deuteronomy which do not occur in Leviticus, and these are nearly all animals and birds which are not found in Egypt or the Holy Land, but which are numerous in the Arabian desert.

有11申命记在不发生在利未记，这是几乎所有的动物及禽鸟未发现在埃及或圣地，但其中有许多在阿拉伯沙漠。

Krishnamurti: Are you looking at it from a centre with all its conclusions of like and dislike, opinion, judgement, the desire to be free of this emptiness and so on - are you looking at this aridness with the eyes of conclusion - or are you looking with eyes that are completely free?

克：你是从一个中心看出去，带着所有喜欢或不喜欢的结论、观点、判断以及摆脱空虚的欲望去观察的吗？你在用带有结论的双眼，还是用一双完全自由的眼睛去看那片贫瘠之地呢？

In this paper, the capital risk management of international construction by means of risk analysis is described. First, the traditional theories of capital risk analysis are discussed in detail. Then, possible capital risks in international construction contracting are analyzed and assessed systematically.Third,a series of mathematical models of assessing capital risks are established after analyzing the cash flow of the project. Based on the analysis mentioned above, computer simulation programs are developed.

将风险分析技术用于国际工程资金管理领域，在总结以往的风险分析理论的基础上，通过对国际工程承包资金风险的辨识、估计和评价，结合对工程现金流分析，系统分析了国际工程承包中可能遇到的风险，建立了一组资金风险评价的数学模型，并结合计算机模拟技术，编制了风险模拟计算程序。

Here are the first sightings of the vast prairie dog cities; here are huge bears that keep on coming at you with five or six bullets in them, Indian tribes with no knowledge of white men, the mountains stretching for a thousand miles; here are the long rapids, the deep snows, the ways of the Sioux, Crow, Assiniboin; here are buffalo by the millions. Here is the West in its true mythic proportions.

这里有第一次出现的广大草原犬鼠的城市；这里有中了五、六枪后依然向你走来的巨熊；对白种人没有任何了解的印第安部落；绵延千里的山脉，长长的急流，深深的雪地，苏族人、乌鸦和阿西尼波因人的方法，数以万计的水牛，这是一个展示真正神秘部分的西部。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。