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There are many serious misleading in how to apply the principle of "fraud exception", whereas, it is necessary to make a legal research on the principle of "fraud exception" in light of former researches. The article consists of two parts. In the first part, the author put emphasis on the principle of abstract independence, the definition, the establishment and development of the principle of fraud exception, the analysis of the fraud, the theory, the prerequisite and the procedure of apply the principle of "fraud exception" in order to establish the general principle and necessary procedure. In the second part, the author analysis the existing backward conditions oflegislation and judicial practice in China, and courts" attitude to the judicial remedy for the principle of " fraud exception", further, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to make the legislation on the principle of "fraud exception" perfect, and how to apply the procedure of judicial remedy for the principle of "fraud exception". Lastly, the author hopes that these suggestions could benefit to the judicial practice and the future legislation on the principle of "fraud exception.

我国在加入世界贸易组织后，按照国际惯例和国际公约处理国际贸易中的纠纷己成为一种必然趋势，鉴于我国法院对如何准确适用信用证欺诈例外原则存在着严重误区，使得在先前学者研究的基础上再一次研究欺诈例外原则很有必要，本文分两个部分，第一部分对信用证独立抽象原则、信用证欺诈例外原则的定义、确立与发展、对例外原则下欺诈的分析、理论基础、适用条件以及程序等六方面展开论述，从而确立信用证欺诈例外原则的一般原则和必要的程序：第二部分主要分析我国司法实践中信用证欺诈例外原则司法救济的立法以及司法现状，及法院对欺诈例外原则的态度，从而对如何完善我国法院欺诈例外原则的法律依据以及如何正确适用欺诈例外原则的司法救济程序提出一些构思，希望为欺诈例外原则在我国的司法实践以及为以后的相应立法提供有益的参考。

Chapter one of this text has recommended the foreign insurance to apply financial economy to the products pricing method of insurance company, but these methods have not explained how to determine the fair premium of the multiple-line insurance company .In order to solve many business line insurance company pricing problem, chapter two introduce an very important model in insurance company capital allocation field - MR capital allocation model, through deriving capital allocation formula and simulation analysis indicate MR model allocate multiple- line insurance company capital scientifically. In order to apply MR model to non-life insurance pricing, chapter three will extend MR model to introduce loss 3 and layer P . Since the premise of MR model is a certain market price of loss, the chapter four will use the risk-neutral probability transformation technique to get the market value of loss. Under lognormal distribution, we will use location parameter shift and proportional PH transformation to illuminate the technique. The final chapter combines the prior sections result to deduce out the fair premium formula, and apply it to price the catastrophe insurance.

本文的第一章介绍了国外保险业将财务经济学应用到保险公司产品定价的方法，但是这些方法都没有说明如何确定多业务线保险公司的公平保费；为了解决多业务线保险公司定价问题，第二章引入保险公司资本配置领域非常重要的一个模型—MR资本配置模型，通过推导资本配置公式及模拟分析表明MR模型科学地配置了多业务线公司的资本；为了将MR模型应用到非寿险公司的定价中去第三章扩展了MR模型，引入了损失β和层β的概念：由于MR模型的前提条件是有一个确定的损失市场价值，第四章利用风险中性转化方法获得损失的市场价值，在损失为对数正态分布的条件下，通过位置参数转化和比例危险转化方法给出了实例说明；第五章结合前几章的结果给出非寿险公司公平保费的定价公式，并运用它给出了巨灾保险价格的模拟分析。

Acidophilus milk egg pearl powder eye treatment mask: Take 2 spoons of degreased milk along with moderate amount of water. Cook the milk with slow fire for 5-10 minutes. Leave it for 2-3 days and the milk begin to ferment and become a little sour. Take the outside layer of milk egg carefully. Apply 0.3gram of Osmun nanometer pearl powder around the eye socket. Then apply the milk egg.

酸奶皮珍珠粉眼膜：取脱脂奶粉2大匙，开水适量冲兑，在微火上煮5-10分钟，放置2-3天后，牛奶发酵微酸，将表面凝固的奶皮小心取下，取0.3克欧诗漫纳米珍珠粉在眼周散敷，再敷奶皮即可。

It is an item of newest scientific findings incorporating microbiolody , agrology , plant nutrition into an organic whole, mainly take many kinds of function type biological active funguses as the core , regard such organic matter as innoxious and treated beasts and birds excrement and urine , humic acid ,etc. as carriers, while cooperating with right amountly , micro- nutrition element, reach and improve the soil microorganism to trend towards the department, foster and apply fertilizer purpose of soil, fertilizer add nitrogen synergist and phosphorus , potassium chela mixture also, can apply fertilizer once only , does not need to topdress again in the whole breeding time.

是一项集微生物学、土壤学、植物营养学为一体的最新科研成果，主要是以多种功能型生物活性菌为主，以无害化处理后的畜禽粪便、腐殖酸等有机质为载体，配合适量中、微量营养元素，达到改良土壤微生物趋系，培肥土壤的目的，肥料中还添加氮肥增效剂和磷、钾螯合剂，可以做到一次性施肥，全生育期不需再追肥。

Lastly, experimentations are carried out on Chaochai 6102BQ engine and the data of the thermal parameters according to different oil-apply lead angle is derived. The influence of the change of oil-apply lead angle on the rate of heat release is researched, then a reference is provided for building an accurate heat release model.

最后，在朝柴6102BQ柴油机台架上进行了试验，对不同供油提前角下柴油机的热工参数进行实机测试，对试验结果进行了处理、分析，研究了供油提前角的改变对放热规律的影响，为建立该故障下的燃烧放热模型提供参考。

Apply oneself to = apply one's mind to 专心于,致力于 The boy applies himself with zeal to his painting.

那位男孩以很大的热情专心学习绘画。

Apply apply sth to sth 运用,应用某事物: The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology.

这项研究成果能应用于新的技术开发方面。

Apply...to You should apply to Fudan University for scholarship.

你应该亲自向复旦大学申请奖学金

Apply...to You should apply schoolarship to Fudan University by yourself.

在主谓一致上好像有点问题 4、你应该亲自向复旦大学申请奖学金

Photographic paper texture photos would normally have been developed, the media meet the " ouality business card printing technology " available with photos as realistic as possible, and you can provide a picture size from the General to the A3 + four size, suitable for all levels of user business card printing; kaixin-stick is a unique business card printing medium, the user you can use a business card printing papiermaschinen software provides more than 300 species of colourful background image box and photo overlappedness, the most imaginative, made of very attractive paper kaixin-pastes; ink－jetprinting matte coated paper is a three-metre-long A2 format with oil painting business card printing effect of medium, apply to the business card printing a variety of significant photos, pictures of art and design needs; users can use the t-shirt transfer paper production has its own unique style t-shirt, the effect is quite good; ink－jetprinting transparency can provide the perfect projection effect, apply to the projection, Convention and advertising and lively, images, making 36 0dpi; banner headline in the paper available 360dpi, 720dpi or 1440dpi business card printing that is tailored to a variety of activities business card printing banner.

照片纸的质地与通常冲洗的照片一样，该介质配合"照片质量制卡技术"可获得同照片一样逼真的效果，并且可以提供从普通照片大小到A3+的四种尺寸，适合各层次用户照片制卡的需要；开心妙妙贴是一种独特的制卡介质，用户可借助制卡机配套软件提供的300余种五彩缤纷的背景图框与照片叠加，进行最富想象力的搭配，制成极富个性魅力的开心妙妙贴贴纸；喷墨布纹纸是一种A2幅面三米长具有油画制卡效果的介质，适用于制卡各种大幅照片、艺术设计图片的需求；用户可以用T恤转印纸制作具有自己独特风格的T恤衫，效果相当不错；喷墨透明胶片能提供完美的投影效果，适用于投影、会议及广告等，图象生动逼真，可制卡36 0dpi；横幅大标题纸可用360dpi、720dpi或1440dpi 制卡，适合为各种活动制卡横幅。

Now she was hungry and angry.She began to smoulder.

现在她又饿又气，她开始流露难以抑制的怒火。

You have placed our iniquities before You, Our secret sins in the light of Your presence.

诗90：8 你将我们的罪孽摆在你面前、将我们的隐恶摆在你面光之中。