查询词典 antagonist

Color The achromatic color of maximum lightness; the color of objects that reflect nearly all light of all visible wavelengths; the complement or antagonist of black, the other extreme of the neutral gray series. Although typically a response to maximum stimulation of the retina, the perception of white appears always to depend on contrast.

白色：光亮度最大的一种无色；能反射几乎肉眼可见的所有波长光线的物体颜色；黑色的互补色或对抗色，中性灰色系列的另一种极端色，尽管白色通常是对视网膜所受最大限度刺激的反应，人们对它的感知却总是显得依赖于对比

Peasants who suffered unreasonable deprivation would allege even exaggerate irrationality of the treatment in order to endow legitimacy with his incompliance. And if this treatment had no validity, he may also threat prosecuting or finally indicting his antagonist ,this means will give him great courage in the game. The effect of this strategy also lies on the type of the antagonist. Whether he takes law as a weapon or not in the dispute is decided by cost calculation of this means.

另一方面，被不合理但合法剥夺的农民，会想尽办法先避开利益剥夺的合法性，之后宣称甚至夸大这种利益剥夺的不合理性，从而为自己的不顺从行为创造正当性，这种行动策略最常见于官民纠纷当中，因此它的效果就与基层干部的&摆平&能力相关；如果是不合理且不合法的利益剥夺，那么除了宣传、夸大不合理性外，他还会以诉讼相威胁或者诉讼的方式来维护自己的利益，将追求合理性与追求合法性两者统一起来，这种抗争策略的效果同样与抗争对象的层次有关。

This antiallodynic effect was reersed by both the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone and the peripherally acting antagonist naloxone methiodide.

阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮和外周具活性的蛋氨酸豆可以逆转这种作用。

Results Ket,NMDA-receptor antagonist,in the subeffetive doses(5mg/kg),significantly obstruct the acquisition of SDER when combined with the subeffective dose of M receptor antagonist Scop(3mg/kg). Conclusions Ket can potentiates obstructing-effects of Scop in neutropic effect,and the findings provide further support for the interaction of cholinergic and glutaminergic systems in learning and memory process.

于是，本实验试图通过合用亚有效量的M—受体阻抗剂东莨菪碱和亚有效量NMDA受体的选择性拮抗剂氯胺酮观察对小鼠跳台回避反应的影响，从而从阻碍学习获得的角度来探讨胆碱能递质系统与谷氨酸能递质系统是否共同参与学习记忆功能。

Visual responses of 80% tectal cells were reversibly blocked by NMDA antagonist CPP, and those of 20% cells by muscarinic antagonist atropine, suggesting that retinotectal pathway in toads may contain two groups of optic fibers that use glutamate and acetylcholine as transmitters, respectively.

视网膜-顶盖是视觉信息进入脑的第一站，但是对两栖类视网膜-顶盖投射所用递质却长期含混不清；另一方面，峡核是次级视觉中枢，与顶盖间存在着密切的神经联系，虽有实验对峡核-顶盖投射的突触连接性质进行了研究，但却未见峡核-顶盖投射所用递质方面的报道。

Clonidine (20ug/bilateral), an alpha agonist, produced similar effect as NA; while phentolamine (10ug/unilateral), an alpha antagonist, brought about an enhancement of AA, This phenomenon was observed in the acupuncture effective group, but not in the acupuncture uneffective one. However, propranolol (10ug/unilateral), a beta antagonist, had no effect on AA in these two groups.

结果表明，微量注射NA（0.5μg/单侧）能部分翻转针刺镇痛作用；α受体激动剂可乐定（20μg/双侧）也有同样作用；而α受体拮抗剂酚妥拉明（10μg/单侧）可以显著加强针刺有效组家兔的针刺镇痛作用，但对针刺无效组的痛阈无明显影响；β受体拮抗剂心得安（10μg/单侧）则对针刺有效或无效组的痛阈均无显著作用。

RESULTS:(1) ET-1 could increase total protein production, surface area, ERKs activity and ［Ca2+］i in cultured cardiomyocyte in dose-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 10-9 to 10-7 mol/L. And this effect could be abolished by BQ123, an antagonist of ETA receptor, partly inhibited by PTX, but not by BQ788, an antagonist of ETB receptor.（2）The activation of ERKs and the increase of ［Ca2+］i induced by ET-1 were obviously inhibited by PD98059, a selective ERKs kinase inhibitor, and nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, respectively. Both antagonists partially inhibited ET-1-stimulated cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response.(3) Staurosporine, a selective PKC inhibitor, could inhibit ET-1-stimulated cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response and increase of ［Ca2+］i, but not affect the activation of ERKs.

结果： ①ET-1浓度依赖性增加新生大鼠心肌细胞蛋白质含量和心肌细胞表面积、ERKs活性及［Ca2+］i浓度，以上作用可被ETA受体拮抗剂BQ123所完全抑制，被百日咳毒素部分抑制，而ETB受体拮抗剂BQ788则无效；②ERKs激酶特异性抑制剂PD98059可完全抑制ET-1激活ERKs的作用，钙通道拮抗剂硝苯地平可明显抑制ET-1介导的［Ca2+］i浓度增加，但二者皆仅部分抑制ET-1介导的心肌细胞肥大反应；③蛋白激酶C选择性抑制剂staurosporine并不能明显抑制ET-1介导的ERKs激活，但可抑制ET-1介导的的［Ca2+］i浓度增加及心肌细胞肥大反应。

Results The pD2 value (the affinity to M-receptors of agonist) of Erycibele alkaloid's miosis is 3.60±0.15 and its IOP lowering action is 3.49±0.07. In the isolated iris contracting experiment, its pD2 value is 6.38±0.12. M3 receptor antagonist is the strongest antagonist in inhibiting the miosis, IOP lowering action and isolated iris pupillary contracting action of Erycibele alkaloid. 0.01% Erycibele alkaloid can cause the decrease of cAMP and the increase of cGMP in the aqueous humor.

结果 测定丁公藤碱缩瞳作用的pD2值为3.60±0.15，降眼压作用的pD2值为3.49±0.07，离体虹膜收缩作用的pD2值为6.38±0.12.M1～M3受体拮抗剂均可拮抗丁公藤碱的缩瞳作用、降眼压作用及离体虹膜收缩作用，其中以M3受体拮抗剂的拮抗作用最强。0.01％丁公藤碱可使房水环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)含量降低，环磷酸鸟苷(cyclic guanosine 3，5-monophosphate；cGMP)含量升高。

The compatibility of both Gvirens and B.firmus was researched. The fermentation filtrate of Gvirens , under the concentration of 70%, had not distinct inhibitory activity to B.firmus, the biomass of B.firmus would decrease with above the 70% filtrate of Gvirens, but the fermentation filtrate of B.firmus had not inhibitive role to Gvirens. 7, The cooperation control of both Gvirens and B.firm to the pine needle blight was explored:(1) Pathogen inoculation happened prior to the bio-control treatment for 7 days, however, the disease index and control effect had not distinct differences in any treatments even if combination of the two antagonists, but the susceptibility for different kind of pine were different.(2)when antagonist and pathogen were inoculated at the same time, some control effect to the pine needle blight, including certain extent cooperation control of both Gvirens and B.firm were proved, but it wasn't distinct when two antagonists used separately, and the change of the antagonist concentration had little effect to the control effect.

G.virens与B.firmus对松赤枯病的协同控制显示：(1)预先接种病菌后(7天)再进行生物防治处理，不管那种情况，感病指数和防治效果在处理间差异不明显，浓度影响无显著差异，即使是两种生防制剂联合作用也未显著提高其防效，但不同树种间的感病性有明显差异；(2)领抗菌与病原菌同时接种，对松赤枯病有一定防治效果，两菌联合有一定的协同作用，两菌分别单独施用防效差异不显著，浓度变化对防效影响不大；(3)预先接种颇抗菌能显著提高防治效果，两菌联合处理防效更优，感病树种的感病指数可降至13一15，抗病树种的感病指数可控制在3%左右；在同一浓度下B.f1'r功US、叹叮厂即s间无显著差异，在同一领抗菌下，浓度愈高，防效愈高：松，(4)三种生防接种方式的平均效果分析表明，叹F行ens最高平均防效49.5%黑 B。

The results obtained are as follows.(1) Following microinjection of capsaicin (10μmol/L, 50nl) into the AP, MAP, HR and RSNA were significantly increased from l2.34±0.53 kPa,328.52±7.54 bpm and 100±0% to 15.17±0.25kPa (P.001), 354.81±8.54bpm (P.001) and 156.95±7.57%(P.001), respectively.(2) Ruthenium red (RR, 100mmol/L, 0.2ml, iv), a capsaicin receptor antagonist, significantly inhibited these effects of capsaicin.(3) Pretreatment with a NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (500μg/kg, 0.2ml, iv) also reduced these effects of capsaicin.

实验结果如下：(1)最后区内注射辣椒素可引起MAP、HR和RSNA明显增加，分别由12.34±0.53kPa、328.52±7.54bpm和100±0％增至15.17±0.25kPa（P＜0.001）、354.81±8.54bpm(P.001)和156.95±7.57%(P.001)；(2)静脉注射辣椒素受体阻断剂钌红(100mmol/L， 0.2ml)后，辣椒素的上述效应可被明显抑制；(3)预先应用NMDA受体阻断剂MK-801(500μg/kg， 0.2ml， iv)也明显抑制辣椒素的兴奋效应。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了