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In the first part of this thesis, I will give a general description to synchrotron radiation source and beamline design; and then the comparison to the difference in the designs of hard X ray and soft X ray beamline is given; some detailed features on hard X ray beamline design is also discussed especially in this part.

本文第一部分对同步辐射光源特点及光束线设计作了概述，并对硬X光束线与软X光束线的设计特点作了比较，这一部分中还着重讨论了硬X光束线的不同设计路线。

The initial Biyan Hu painted a wall of transparent glass did not scrub pots, wall smooth, not attached to ink and color, can only draw a few simple images and patterns, such as: Guo Guo cabbage, Lung, Fung and Mr T's landscapes, figures , Later, the arts and people with iron Biyan Hu Jin Gangsha water in the shake in the face of grinding back and forth, so that the wall was Biyan Hu Moshaboli the milky white, delicate but not smooth, easy attachment Mose, the same effect as Xuan paper, painted snuff Later, the pot has some fine works, and then later developed into poetry and painting Mao-art boutique.

最初的内画鼻烟壶是内壁没有磨砂的透明玻璃壶，因为内壁光滑，不易附着墨和颜色，只能画一些简单的画面和图案，比如：蝈蝈白菜、龙、凤和简笔的山水、人物等，后来，艺人们用铁砂和金刚砂加水在鼻烟壶的内面来回的摇磨，这样使鼻烟壶的内壁呈乳白色的磨砂玻璃，细腻而不光滑，容易附着墨色，效果就象宣纸一样，内画鼻烟壶后来出现了一些比较精细的作品，再后来发展为诗书画并茂艺术精品。

Based on ANSYS, this paper considers the sluice valve and the base as a whole to take the Nonlinear Finite Element Study of the static and dynamic, at the same time discusses the interaction among sluice valve, pile and construction. Then some conclusions are drawn by comparing and analyzing the dynamic stress conditions of the gate chamber using response-spectrum method and time history method.

本文基于大型通用有限元软件ANSYS，将该水闸闸室结构与地基作为一个整体进行非线性静动力有限元计算，有效的考虑了地基-结构的相互作用，并将振型分解反应谱分析法和时程分析法的计算结果进行对比并得出相应的结论。

He threw a t-shirt into the bathroom hamper and then took a clean dress shirt from the dresser. He checked himself in the mirror as he buttoned it. Unruly hair, but not excessively long. Clear, fair skin, and smooth for a change; he was happy he'd shaved that morning. He was a little on the bony side around the neck and shoulders, but not without some muscle tone.

他把那件T恤衫扔进卫生间的衣物篮里，从衣柜里拿出一件干净的衬衣穿上，系上扣子，照照镜中的自己：头发乱糟糟的，还好不算太长；干净洁白的皮肤，光滑细腻；他庆幸早上刚刮过胡子，脖子和肩膀处的锁骨棱棱凸起，没有松弛的肌肉。

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

By using ADAMS/view, a simulation model of stopper was established aiming at its characteristics of variable structure , and some main problems of the stopper were found by motion simulation analyzing, and then the stopper was optimized and designed with self-adjustable structure without overconstraints.

针对堵渣机的变结构特征，利用ADAMS软件建立了仿真模型，通过机构的仿真分析找出了堵渣机存在的主要问题；并据此对堵渣机进行了优化及无过约束的自调结构设计。

Usually need to focus on playing some games, such as pictures to find missing part (scissors only one blade, only one long rabbit ears, a small car wheels, etc.), four-person scramble a circular motion to sit three chairs,"three-guess a" or "a four-guess"(the table first and three or four toys toys, let him look at one minute, and then took a blindfold and opened his eyes and let him look less what pieces) and so on.

平时玩一些需要集中注意的游戏，比如看图找缺失部分（剪刀只有一扇刀片，兔子只有一只长耳朵、汽车少一个轮子等）、四人转圈抢坐三只椅子、&三猜一&或&四猜一&（桌子先放三件玩具或四件玩具，让他看一分钟，然后蒙上眼睛拿走一件，打开他的眼睛，让他看少了哪一件）等。

And then the design program of the rail traffic engineering safety management system is given, including system the login module, the basic information about traffic engineering module, the management of day-to-day safety inspection data module, orbital traffic engineering data management module, the leadership of the decision-making module, database management and backup module, additional features module.finally, summarize the whole progress of development of the system and give outlook of it, at the same time, propose the further study and some parts that need to be improved.

运用改进的动态规划算法来规划和管理轨道交通工程建设的工期。开发的同时进行系统调试，使每个子系统的功能都能按照预先设计的要求实现。同时还分析了各子系统之间的逻辑关系，对系统部署和运行实施作了适当的探讨。最后，对系统开发的详细过程进行总结和展望，提出有待进一步研究和改进的部分。

In the process of building and using the mass concrete structures, because of the effect of out-side condition and themselves, some faults will form in the structure, these faults will effect the bearing capability and endurance Using nondestructive testing method to test the concrete"s quality and diagnose its healthy, which has the significant sense in assessing the safety stability and research of the administering diseasesThis dissertation mostly researched the testing methods in the mass concrete structure, discussed the principles, methods, features, sphere of application of the ultrasonic testing in the mass concrete structure with faults, used dynamic FEM to simulate the testing process, discussed when the concrete structure with cracks is under the effect of the pulse, how the elastic waves propagate and what are their changing feature, Researched the principles of the first-arriving waves" phase when the cracks" depths are not same, obtained the relation between the inversion point and the cracks" depth, which has the direction sense in the application of projects,The second part of this dissertation is CT , which used the ultrasonic wave running through the tested-substance to get arriving-time of the ultrasonic wave, then inverse the image This dissertation drawed one CT program which can well present the different little cells ultrasonic wave velocity profiles of the substance, thereby to diagnose the quality of the part of the tested-substance, CT has the better using foreground..

在混凝土结构的施工及使用过程中，由于受其自身及外界各种因素的影响，常常会产生一些缺陷，对结构物的承载能力和耐久性造成严重影响，采用无损检测技术进行质量检测和健康诊断，这对混凝土结构开展安全、稳定性评估以及病害隐患治理研究具有重要意义。本论文主要针对大体积混凝土结构缺陷的检测方法展开研究工作，重点讨论了超声波法检测混凝土结构裂缝的基本原理和方法及其特点、适用范围，运用动力有限元数值模拟其检测过程，探讨了有裂缝缺陷的混凝土结构在脉冲荷载作用下弹性波的传播及其变化特征，研究了不同裂缝深度下首波相位变化规律，得出了反转临界点与裂缝深度之间的关系，这对实际工程应用具有指导意义。声波CT是一种新的无损检测技术，它是利用声波穿透被检测体获取声波接收时间，来进行计算机反演成像的技术。本文利用直射线法编制了层析成像程序，能较好地呈现被检测物体各微小单元的声波速度分布图像，从而对检测体的质量状况作出诊断评估，具有较好的应用发展前景。

After analysis of this situation, we use as a background SqlServer2000 database, Visual Stdio 2005 as the database system development tools, in particular, the data window can be convenient and simple manipulation of the intelligent object databases, first of all, the establishment of system modeling in a short period of time map, and then start building a database and written some of the common type system, ready to work in the foreword, and finally started the development of systems, system development of the initial problems encountered in the process of amendment and improvement, until the formation of a viable system of customer satisfaction.

经过分析如此情况，我们使用SqlServer2000作为后台数据库，Visual Stdio 2005作为数据库系统开发工具，尤其是数据窗口这一能方便而简洁操纵数据库的智能化对象，首先在短时间内建立系统建模图，然后开始建立数据库并写好系统的一些共同类，准备好前言工作，最后开始正式开发系统，对初始系统开发过程中遇到的问题进行修正与改进，直到形成用户满意的可行系统。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。