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In the thesis, the elastic mechanics theory of temperature stress was introduced at first. Then give a presentation of the finite element theory of temperature stress and how to analyze super-long structure with ANSYS using 3D beam and shell element.

本文首先总结了国内外关于超长混凝土结构温度应力的研究现状，并简要地介绍了温度应力的弹性力学理论，然后概述了应用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS分析超长混凝土结构温度应力的有限元理论。

For some shortcomings of unknown quantity numbers in finite element method, QR-method establishes a transformed relationship between a unit node displacement vector and the entire framework of spline node displacement vector,making the structure of the total stiffness matrix, damping matrix, mass matrix directly superimposed in no need of finite element method in the first expansion after the superposition process. So the method greatly simplifies the calculation process and improves computing speed.

针对有限单元法中未知量数目很多的缺点，QR法建立起单元结点位移向量与整个框架样条结点位移向量的转化关系，使得结构总刚度矩阵、阻尼矩阵、质量矩阵可以直接叠加，不需要有限单元法中先扩张后叠加的手续，大大简化了计算过程，提高计算速度。

In this paper, series of Finite Element Analysis and study on Bus Body Frame are preceded. Based on the research on tire done before, a method of using Finite Element Method to study bus dynamic performance is discussed fundamentally.

本文以客车车身骨架为主要对象，针对某客车全承载式车身进行有限元分析与研究，并结合本课题组前期对轮胎所作的一些研究工作，对采用有限元方法研究整车动态性能作了初步探讨。

According to the series of finite element equations, the nonlinear static program and dynamic program of three dimensional beam element are worked out and proved to be feasible and credible through a great deal of calculation examples.

根据推导的一系列有限元方程，编制了三维梁单元非线性静力程序及三维梁单元非线性动力分析程序，并选取大量算例对三个程序进行验证，证明程序是可行的和可靠的。

Second order incident boundary condition on fixed incident boundary is derived for numerical simulations, based on the cnoidal or sinusoidal motions of wave maker paddle, which shows that the prediction with second order incident boundary condition is more accurate than the prediction with first order incident boundary condition. 2 The analytical solution for higher-order Boussinesq equations is derived and its applicable range is discussed. 3 A 2-D fully non-linear numerical model using boundary element method is developed to obtain wave forces acting on rectangular obstacle. 4 The three-dimensional fully non-linear waves are studied in a numerical wave tank using finite element method.The studies on the coupled numerical model combined Boussinesq equations with Laplace equation are following.

非耦合非线性波浪计算模型：1 根据造波板做椭圆余弦运动或正弦运动速度，推导出数值模拟波浪水槽时固定入射边界上的二阶波浪入射边界条件，数值计算结果和实验结果的对比表明采用二阶入射边界条件对波面升高的预报比采用一阶入射边界条件对波面升高的预报更为精确；2 推导了波浪水槽造波板做正弦运动所产生波浪的高阶Boussinesq方程摄动展开解析解，讨论了该解析解的适用范围；3 对整个波浪水槽应用边界元方法数值模拟了波浪对物体的非线性作用；4 用有限元法求解三维Laplace方程模拟了三维完全非线性波浪水槽。

In chapter 2, a finite element model for the composite sandwich plates is developed, based on the Zig-Zag deformation assumption and the first order shear deformation theory, and the finite element buckling analysis governing equations for the plates under mechanical, thermal and/or thermal-mechanical mixed loads are deduced respectively. By Von-Karman nonlinear deformation relations and Total Lagrange formulation, an incremental governing equation for postbuckling analysis is established and a corresponding effective computational scheme is presented..

第二章首先建立了基于Zig-Zag截面变形假定和Mindlin一阶剪切理论的夹层板有限元分析模型，分别推导了夹层板机械力、热载和热—机械力耦合屈曲分析的有限元列式和相应的屈曲前以及屈曲临界状态的平衡方程，基于Von-Karman大挠度理论，采用增量形式的全局lagrangian法推导了复合材料夹层板增量形式的几何非线性有限元离散平衡方程，给出了一种有效的非线性平衡方程的迭代求解格式。

A drive shaft member extends from the movable base element through the fixed mounting element and beyond.

从可移动的基体件延伸的驱动轴穿过并超过固定的固定件。

A spring member, such as two planar leaf springs positioned at an angle to each other, is mounted between the movable base element and the fixed mounting element.

弹性件，如两个互相定位成一定角度的平面板簧，安装在移动的基体件和固定的固定件之间。

Unlike the 28-70, it has a fixed rear lens element so the tendency for the lens to act as a "suction device" is eliminated. In fact, the element is fixed both for focusing and zooming, very neat and clever.

24-70 与 28-70 不同的地方，在於(24-70)有固定的后镜组，变焦跟对焦时都不会变动，不会有如同吸尘器一般的效果，是非常好的设计。

Due to dual attribute of folk-song, research focus should be fixed on its musical element (i.e. tunes and melody) and literary element (i.e. words of folk-song).This thesis lays particular emphasis on the thorough analysis of words as amphibious literature.

正是由于民歌的这一双重属性，因此，我们在对民歌加以研究时，在注重对民歌的音乐因素加以研究的同时，也应重视对其文学因素，即歌词方面的研究。

The witness also told the jury at the Royal Courts of Justice in London that he saw a paparazzo fighting with a member of the public who was trying to stop him taking pictures in the minutes before the emergency services arrived.

他还告诉在伦敦皇家法庭的陪审团，在急救服务到来之前，他当时看见一个狗仔队正和一群阻止他拍照的人打架。

The entire N／C program on a tape is made up of an accumulation of these successive data blocks.

纸带上的整个数控程序由这些连续数据单元连接而成。