查询词典 amino acids

The comparisons of biochemistry between OP and OR rats The differences between OP and OR rats included not only body weight, but lipids metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well, characterized with insulin resistance, increasing in serum free fatty acids and ketone body, and hepatic TC and TG in OP rats. However, no significant differences were observed in serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and fasting glucose between OP and OR rats.⑶Comparisons of metabolites in serum, urine and liver tissue between OP and OR rats①There were significant differences in amino acids concentration between OP and OR rats,especially in liver tissue, such as high concentrations in ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids in OP rats, suggesting differences in amino acids metabolism;② The different metabolites between OP and OR rats included increasing of various saturated fatty acids and decreasing of polyunsaturated fatty acids in OP rats;③The urinary metabolites analysis indicated that different structure or metabolism of gut microflora might exist between the two phenotypes, which probably influenced the regulation of body weight gain;④The end-products of catecholamines in urine and intermediates of krebs cycle in serum in OP rats were all up-regulated, suggesting that the activity of sympatheic nervous system and energy metabolism was higher in OP rats than OR rats.

胰岛素耐受实验和胰岛素敏感指数表明OP动物的胰岛素敏感性较OR动物下降，而OP大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸、酮体、肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高；但是，OP与OR大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖等的水平并无显著性差异；⑶肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠血清、尿液和肝脏组织提取物中代谢物的比较研究表明：①OP与OR大鼠的血清、尿液和肝组织提取物中多种氨基酸的含量存在显著差异，并以肝组织中的差异氨基酸数量为最多，包括各种生酮和生糖氨基酸水平在OP组的升高，说明氨基酸代谢的差异是两种体重表型大鼠之间存在的重要差异特征之一；②OP与OR动物肝脏和血清差异代谢物中包含多种饱和长链脂肪酸的升高如十四烷酸、十六烷酸、硬脂酸等和多不饱和脂肪酸的下降如亚油酸和花生四烯酸，说明两种体重表型动物的肝脏脂肪酸代谢存在明显差异；③长期高脂饮食喂养后，动物的尿液代谢物分析表明OP与OR动物体内的肠道菌群结构存在差异，这些菌群上的差别可能在动物体重增长的调节上产生影响；④与OR动物相比，OP动物尿液代谢物中儿茶酚胺类递质的代谢终产物如高香草酸、扁桃酸和4-羟基苯乙酸明显升高。

The 4 nucleotides of DNA sequences can be further encoded with two - bit digits in which t he first bit is the base bit to encode purines and pyrimidines and the second bit is the functional group bit to encode the keto group and amino group. According to the degree of degeneracy of genetic codes and the two dimension distribution of molecular weights and isoelectricpoints of amino acids , a set of classification graph(Venn' s diagram) of amino acids can be obtained. It is suggested that the amino acids of high degenerate group are mostly small and simple, and constitute the transmembranic structure or the structural domains of protein molecules. So amino acids of high degenerate group might appear in the early evolution stage.

根据氨基酸遗传密码子的简并程度并以分子量及等电点作为氨基酸的化学特性坐标，作出其二维集合MP分类图，根据氨基酸的分类分析，可以认为：高简并度氨基酸多数是脂烃类和羟脂烃类的氨基酸，分子量比较小，分子结构比较简单，大部分为疏水性，主要组成跨膜结构或蛋白质的结构域，可能是出现较早的氨基酸；而低简并度的氨基酸，分子结构比较复杂，分子量比较大，多数是和蛋白质功能有密切联系的基团，可能是进化出现较晚的结构。

The determination of amino acids in blood clam antianaemia oral liquid using HPLC-AccQ-Tag method is reported. The oral liquid reacted with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccini-mdyl carbamate. Then, the corresponding derivatives were analyzed with an HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were AccQ-TagTM C18 column for amino acids analysis (3.9mm×15cm); mobile phase of program elution sodium acetate solution(pH5.02), acetonitrile, Milli-Q water. The amino acids'AQC deriatives were detected at 248nm with a UV-detector. Eighteen kinds of amino acids were completely determined in 35 minutes.

以6-氨基喹啉-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺基氨基甲酸酯为衍生剂，与毛蚶抗贫血口服液中的氨基酸柱前定量衍生，用WatersHPLC仪，AccQ-TagTM专用C18柱(3.9mm×15cm)，以140mmol·L-1的醋酸钠溶液(pH5.02)为溶剂A，乙腈为溶剂B，超纯水为溶剂C，进行梯度洗脱，检测波长为248nm，35min测试完毕。

Result 16 kinds of fatty acids were separated from Anak chicken muscle and identified. Among them, 7 kinds fatty acids, including lauric acid, myristic acid, pen-tadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid and eicosanoic acid, were saturated fatty acids and its content accounted for 38.55% of the total fatty acids; 9 kinds fatty acids, including 11-teteadecenoic acid, 9-hexadecenoic acid, 9-vaccenic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 6,9,12-octadeca-trienoic acid, 11-eicosenoic acid, 10, l3-eicosenoic acid, 7,10, 13-eicosatriennoic acid and 5,8,11,14-arachidonic acid, were unsaturated fatty acids, and its content accounted for 61.45% of the total fatty acids.

结果］安卡鸡肌肉中共分离和鉴定出16种脂肪酸，其中饱和脂肪酸7种，包括月桂酸、豆蔻酸、十五烷酸、棕榈酸、十七烷酸、硬脂酸和花生酸，其含量占总脂肪酸的38.55%；不饱和脂肪酸9种，包括11-十四碳烯酸、9-十六碳烯酸、9-十八碳烯酸、9，12-十八碳二烯酸、6，9，12-十八碳三烯酸、11-二十碳烯酸、10，13-二十碳二烯酸、7，10，13-二十碳三烯酸以及5，8，11，14-二十碳四烯酸，共含量占总脂肪酸的61.45%。

The results showed that the crude protein content,the eighteen essential amino acids and the twelve essential amino acids in the powder of tetraploidy black locust for fodder leaves were highly at the four stages,and along with the time process,they were all descending gradually.Moreover,their essential amino acid score were also highly and their amino acid were balanceable.And their essential amino acid index of cattle,pig,chicken,duck,goose,fish,prawn and sheep were higher than 0.86,therefore they can be the excellent fodder of these animals.

结果表明，饲料型四倍体刺槐叶粉4个时期的粗蛋白1、8种氨基酸总量和12种必需氨基酸含量均较高，且呈现随时间的推移而逐渐下降的趋势；其必需氨基酸分均较高，氨基酸组成较平衡；对牛、猪、鸡、鸭、鹅、草鱼、对虾和羊8种动物的必需氨基酸指数4个时期之间无差异，均大于0.86，可作为这些动物的优良植物饲料蛋白源；在7月中下旬其生物量和营养达到了最佳结合点，适宜采摘或刈割。

The differences of providing amino acid to kernel of different winter wheatculfivars.93-52 with high protein content in kernel had highest content of amino acid innutrition organs,indicated 93-52 can provide abundance material for protein synthesis ofkernel,namely the source in full,so the content of amino acid in kernel was highest;Compared Lumai21 with Jinanl7,the amino acid content in leaf of Lumai21 was a littlehigher than Jinan17,but the amino acid content in stem、sheath and spike was obviouslylower than Jinan17,also the amount of amino acid restored in nutrition organs was large,the translocation degree was low to kernel,namely the flow was not fluency,which wasthe main reason of low content of amino acid in kernel.

小麦不同品种向籽粒供应氨基酸水平的差异。籽粒蛋白质含量高的93-52各营养器官中的游离氨基酸含量均最高，说明93-52籽粒蛋白质合成所需底物供应充足，即源足，因而其籽粒游离氨基酸含量最高。鲁麦21和济南17相比，鲁麦21叶片中的游离氨基酸含量虽略高于济南17，但茎鞘和穗中的游离氨基酸含量却明显比济南17低，并且在后期鲁麦21营养器官中游离氨基酸滞留的多，向籽粒中的转移程度低，即流不畅，是造成鲁麦21籽粒游离氨基酸含量低的主要原因之一。

The analysis methods for the determination of micro or trace elements in high moisture jellyfish were developed. The fatty acid compositions in difderent parts of fresh jellyfish were determined by GC/MS method. Thirty-five fatty acids were identified, and most of them were found in R. esculentum jellyfish for the first time. Especially, two unusual very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids that were never detected in the other jellyfish also were determined. Amino acids were abundant in R. esculentum jellyfish, especially containing sulfur amino acids, and could be supplied for human diet. The polysaccharide in umbrella part of jellyfish was composed of glucose, galactose and uronic acid, and its molecular weight was 40,000, but the polysaccharide of the oral arms part consisted of glucose, mannose and glycuronic acid, and its molecular weight was 43,000. Above-mentioned data were never reported. The ethanolic extract of oral arms part of jellyfish were extracted by different polar solvents (petroleum ether, acetic ether, n-butanol), and antibacterial activity was tested to these extracts by four species of terricolous pathogenic bacilli and three species of botanic pathogenic fungi. The result demonstrated that the petroleum ether extract had certain bactericidal activity for two species of pathogenic bacilli, and n-butanol extract had certain inhibited activity on apple rot pathogenic fungus.

建立了 高含水量的海蜇产品中微量、痕量元素成分测定的分析方法；采用 GC/MS 方法测定了新鲜海蜇不同部位的脂肪酸组成，共鉴定出 35 种脂肪酸，其中大多数脂肪酸是首次在海蜇中被检测到，尤其是两种不常见的 C24：5 超长链多不饱和脂肪酸的分析和鉴定在其它水母种属中也从未见报道；海蜇三个部位中氨基酸成分齐全，含量丰富，含硫氨基酸含量较高，可与其它食物蛋白质的氨基酸互补；其中海蜇皮多糖是由葡萄糖、半乳糖和糖醛酸组成，分子量为 40，000，海蜇头多糖是由葡萄糖、甘露糖和糖醛酸组成，分子量为 43，000，以上工作均未见报道；利用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇三种不同极性溶剂分别萃取海蜇头乙醇浸提物，用纸碟法和生长速率法分别对四株陆源病原菌和三株植物病原真菌进行了抑菌实验，结果表明海蜇头石油醚提取物和正丁醇提取物具有一定的抑菌活性。

The analysis methods for the determination of microor trace elements in high moisture jellyfish were developed. The fatty acid compositions indifderent parts of fresh jellyfish were determined by GC/MS method. Thirty-five fatty acids wereidentified, and most of them were found in R. esculentum jellyfish for the first time. Especially,two unusual very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids that were never detected in the otherjellyfish also were determined. Amino acids were abundant in R. esculentum jellyfish, especiallycontaining sulfur amino acids, and could be supplied for human diet. The polysaccharide inumbrella part of jellyfish was composed of glucose, galactose and uronic acid, and its molecularweight was 40,000, but the polysaccharide of the oral arms part consisted of glucose, mannose andglycuronic acid, and its molecular weight was 43,000. Above-mentioned data were never reported.The ethanolic extract of oral arms part of jellyfish were extracted by different polar solvents(petroleum ether, acetic ether, n-butanol), and antibacterial activity was tested to these extracts byfour species of terricolous pathogenic bacilli and three species of botanic pathogenic fungi. Theresult demonstrated that the petroleum ether extract had certain bactericidal activity for twospecies of pathogenic bacilli, and n-butanol extract had certain inhibited activity on apple rotpathogenic fungus.

建立了高含水量的海蜇产品中微量、痕量元素成分测定的分析方法；采用 GC/MS 方法测定了新鲜海蜇不同部位的脂肪酸组成，共鉴定出 35 种脂肪酸，其中大多数脂肪酸是首次在海蜇中被检测到，尤其是两种不常见的 C24：5 超长链多不饱和脂肪酸的分析和鉴定在其它水母种属中也从未见报道；海蜇三个部位中氨基酸成分齐全，含量丰富，含硫氨基酸含量较高，可与其它食物蛋白质的氨基酸互补；其中海蜇皮多糖是由葡萄糖、半乳糖和糖醛酸组成，分子量为 40，000，海蜇头多糖是由葡萄糖、甘露糖和糖醛酸组成，分子量为 43，000，以上工作均未见报道；利用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇三种不同极性溶剂分别萃取海蜇头乙醇浸提物，用纸碟法和生长速率法分别对四株陆源病原菌和三株植物病原真菌进行了抑菌实验，结果表明海蜇头石油醚提取物和正丁醇提取物具有一定的抑菌活性。

Compared with development stage at the fortith day, total exudation rates of amino acids and organic acids in common genotype at the fifith day decreased sharply, while it kept rather stationary in potassium-rich genotype; At three growth phrases, tyrosine, serine and y-amidobutyricacid were dominant amino acids in root exudates of those two genotypes, malic acid was dominant organic acids, and the proportision of malic acid to total exudation increased with the prolongation of growth phase prolonged.

在3个生长期内，酪氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和丝氨酸均为两类基因型根系分泌物中的主要氨基酸种类，苹果酸则是主要的有机酸类型，其在氨基酸和有机酸分泌总量中所占相对比例均随生长期的延长而升高。3籽粒苋根系分泌物处理后的土壤速效钾含量均高于清水对照处理，富钾基因型在低钾胁迫时的根系分泌物对土壤钾的活化作用明显大于一般基因型。

Compared with development stage at the fortith day, total exudation rates of amino acids and organic acids in common genotype at the fifith day decreased sharply, while it kept rather stationary in potassium-rich genotype; At three growth phrases, tyrosine, serine and γ-amidobutyricacid were dominant amino acids in root exudates of those two genotypes, malic acid was dominant organic acids, and the proportision of malic acid to total exudation increased with the prolongation of growth phase prolonged.

在3个生长期内，酪氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和丝氨酸均为两类基因型根系分泌物中的主要氨基酸种类，苹果酸则是主要的有机酸类型，其在氨基酸和有机酸分泌总量中所占相对比例均随生长期的延长而升高。3籽粒苋根系分泌物处理后的土壤速效钾含量均高于清水对照处理，富钾基因型在低钾胁迫时的根系分泌物对土壤钾的活化作用明显大于一般基因型。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48