查询词典 amino acid

When the amino group of one amino acid reacts with the carboxyl group of another amino acid, a peptide bond is formed and a molecule of water is released.

肽 当一个氨基酸分子的氨基与另一个氨基酸分子的羧基起反应时，便形成一个肽键，同时释放出一分子水。

The results showed that the carpophore of the four new strains contained eight essential amino acids , side chain amino acid and arginine which were essential to the human body . However , the content of aromatic amino acid was relatively low .

测定了4个杏鲍菇新品种子实体的氨基酸含量，结果表明，4个新品种的子实体中含有丰富的8种人体必需氨基酸，支链氨基酸和带有胍基的精氨酸，而芳香族氨基酸的含量却很低。

The contents of crude protein and 18 kinds of amino acids in the powder of tetraploidy black locust for fodder leaves at four stages,from which Langfang,Hebei Province,were determined.Their value for feeding were evaluated by means of amino acid scores and essential amino acid index.

测定了廊坊地区饲料型四倍体刺槐叶粉4个不同时期的粗蛋白质含量及18种氨基酸组分，用氨基酸分和必需氨基酸指数对其氨基酸营养进行评价，并结合其生物量对最佳刈割时期进行了分析。

The study shows that: Kelp contains plenty of taste amino acid, mushrooms contain plenty of guanylic acid, bonito fish is rich in taste inosinic acid, and chicken soup has abundant taste polypeptide and amino acid.

研究表明：海带中存在大量的呈味氨基酸、蘑菇含有大量的鸟甘酸、鲣鱼含有丰富的呈味肌苷酸、鸡汤含有丰富的呈味多肽和氨基酸。

Methods:The SD rats were each given a catheterization of jejunostomy and an inoculation of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma cells subcutaneously. Thirty-six rats were randomized into 3 groups: Group A (balance amino acid＋NS), Group B (balance amino acid ＋5-Fu), Group C (complex amino acids of arginine-enriched and leucine-enriched＋5-Fu).

SD大鼠空肠造瘘，皮下接种Walker-256癌肉瘤，36只接种成功之大鼠随机分为A组、B组(平衡氨基酸+ 5-Fu组)、C组(富含亮氨酸及精氨酸的不平衡氨基酸+ 5-Fu组)。

The content of essential amino acid and flavor amino acid of experiment groups were higher than control group, especially group 1.0% small peptide were increased by 6.4% and 2.5%; IMP content of experiment groups was increased in different extent, especially group 1.0% small peptide was 0.17mg/100mg and increased by 70.0%(P.05); The content of palmitoleic acid、 octadeca、 arachidonic、 arachidic and stearic acid of experiment groups were higher than control group indifferent extent.

随着小肽用量的增加，成鲤肌肉中的总氨基酸含量呈上升趋势，必须氨基酸和风味氨基酸的含量也随之提高，尤其是1.0％小肽组的必须氨基酸和风味氨基酸的含量分别比对照组提高6.4％和2.5％，其中谷氨酸的含量最高，为10.70mg／100mg，比对照组提高14.0％(P＜0.05)；随着饵料中小肽用量的增加，成鲤肌肉的肌苷酸含量显著提高(P＜0.05)，1.0％小肽组的IMP含量高达0.17mg／mg，比对照组提高70.0％；成鲤肌肉中的油酸和二十？

Using the earthworm processed bean cake, many kinds of amino acid contents had the varying degree to increase in the reactant, the amino acid total quantity rosed 27.83% and each kind of essential amino acids' proportion also hastened reasonably.

利用蚯蚓处理豆粕，反应物中多种氨基酸含量均有不同程度增加，氨基酸总量与豆粕相比上升了27.83%，而且各种必需氨基酸的比例也更趋合理。

Aspartic acid An AMINO ACID formed by transamination, in which the amino group of dlutamic acid is transferred to oxaloacetic acid.

天冬氨酸：由转氨基作用形成的一种氨基酸，谷氨酸的氨基基团被转移到草酰乙酸中。

At first,the amino group of amino acid esters interacts with the carboxyl group of the amino acid residue of this porphyrinatozinc to form 1:1 adducts.

氨基酸酯的氨基首先与氨基酸残基的羧基作用形成1：1的加合物，然后与锌卟啉的中央锌原子配位形成1：2的加合物，客体分子与主体分子上的氨基酸残基之间的排斥作用以及主客体之间的色散力作用是主体分子能识别客体分子的另外两种作用。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。