查询词典 algebraically closed field

Based on the existed theory of mareoids and fuzzy matroids, this thesis studies the closed regular fuzzy matroid and its fundamental sequence, the fuzzy base and its algorithm of closed fuzzy matroids, the fuzzy circuit and its algorithm of closed fuzzy matroids and so on. The main contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1 The necessary and sufficient condition of closed regular fuzzy matroid and a property of its fuzzy dual matroid are found by studying some properties of closed regular fuzzy matroid. 2 By studying some properties of fuzzt bases of closed fuzzy matroid, the necessary and sufficient condition of judging fuzzy bases of closed fuzzy matroids and some corollaries are found. In the end, an algorithm of obtaining a fuzzy base is given. 3 By studying some properties of fuzzt circuits of closed fuzzy matroid, some necessary and sufficient conditions of using its fundamental sequence to express fuzzy circuits are found. An algorithm of obtaining a fuzzy circuit is given. 4 By studying the fundamental sequence of closed regular fuzzy matroid, some necessary and sufficient conditions of fundamental sequence of closed regular fuzzy matroid are found.

本文在现有拟阵和模糊拟阵理论的基础上，研究了闭正规模糊拟阵及其基本序列，闭模糊拟阵的模糊基及算法、模糊圈及算法等内容，现分述如下： 1研究了闭正规模糊拟阵的一些性质，得到了闭正规模糊拟阵的充要条件及其模糊对偶拟阵的一个性质； 2研究了闭模糊拟阵模糊基的性质，找到了闭模糊拟阵模糊基的充要条件和几个推论，最后还给出了求模糊基的算法； 3研究了闭模糊拟阵模糊圈的性质，找到了用基本序列来表达模糊圈的几个充要条件，并给出了求模糊圈的算法； 4研究了闭正规模糊拟阵的基本序列，找到了闭正规模糊拟阵的基本序列的几个充要条件。

The results prove that T*1 S-closed space and T2 S-closed space are identical and that the regular S-closed space and normal S-closed space are the same. Therefore, to make T*1 space X become the complete conditions of S-closed space is the X extremely unconnected H-closed space, while S-closed space X can be measured as the complete condition X of S-closed T1 normal (A1) space.

首先讨论了S-闭空间的分离性，证明T*1型的S-闭空间与T2型S-闭空间是相同的，正则的S-闭空间与正规的S-闭空间是相同的，从而得到要使T*1型空间X成为S-闭空间的充要条件是X为极不连通的H-闭空间， S-闭空间X可度量化的充要条件是X为S-闭的T1型正则(A1)空间。

The main contributions of the second part of this dissertation are focused on the cryptographic properties of logical functions over finite field, with the help of the properties of trace functions, and that of p-polynomials, as well as the permutation theory over finite field: The new definition of Chrestenson linear spectrum is given and the relation between the new Chrestenson linear spectrum and the Chrestenson cyclic spectrum is presented, followed by the inverse formula of logical function over finite field; The distribution for linear structures of the logical functions over finite field is discussed and the complete construction of logical functions taking on all vectors as linear structures is suggested, which leads to the conception of the extended affine functions over finite field, whose cryptographic properties is similar to that of the affine functions over field GF (2) and prime field F〓; The relationship between the degeneration of logical functions and the linear structures, the degeneration of logical functions and the support of Chrestenson spectrum, as well as the relation between the nonlinearity and the linear structures are discussed; Using the relation of the logical functions over finite field and the vector logical functions over its prime field, we reveal the relationship between the perfect nonlinear functions over finite field and the vector generalized Bent functions over its prime field; The existence or not of the perfect nonlinear functions with any variables over any finite fields is offered, and some methods are proposed to construct the perfect nonlinear functions by using the balanced p-polynomials over finite field.

重新定义了有限域上逻辑函数的Chrestenson线性谱，考察了新定义的Chrestenson线性谱和原来的Chrestenson循环谱的关系，并利用一组对偶基给出了有限域上逻辑函数的反演公式；给出了有限域上随机变量联合分布的分解式，并利用随机变量联合分布的分解式对有限域上逻辑函数的密码性质进行了研究；给出了有限域上逻辑函数与相应素域上向量逻辑函数的关系，探讨了它们之间密码性质的联系，如平衡性，相关免疫性，扩散性，线性结构以及非线性度等；讨论了有限域上逻辑函数各类线性结构之间的关系，并给出了任意点都是线性结构的逻辑函数的全部构造，由此引出了有限域上的"泛仿射函数"的概念；考察了有限域上逻辑函数的退化性与线性结构的关系、退化性与Chrestenson谱支集的关系；给出了有限域逻辑函数非线性度的定义，利用有限域上逻辑函数的非线性度与相应素域上向量逻辑函数非线性度的关系，考察了有限域上逻辑函数的非线性度与线性结构的关系；利用有限域上逻辑函数与相应素域上向量逻辑函数的关系，揭示了有限域上的广义Bent函数与相应素域上的广义Bent函数的关系，以及有限域上的完全非线性函数与相应素域上向量广义Bent函数之间的关系；给出了任意有限域上任意n元完全非线性函数存在性与否的完整证明，并利用有限域上平衡的p-多项式的性质给出了有限域上完全非线性函数的一些基本构造方法。

This is quite useful: one may safely enlarge the field ''K'', for instance to get an algebraically closed field; Jordan forms can then be computed over the large field and can be used to determine whether the given matrices are similar over the small field.

不是所有的矩阵都可以对角化，但至少在复数域内，所有的矩阵都相似于一些被称为

To use symbolic and algebraic computation techniques for studying the computational properties of procedure schemes, some convergent procedure schemes are investigated in algebraically closed field and real closed field.

过程模式在代数闭域和实闭域上的应用：本文在代数闭域和实闭域上研究了收敛过程模式，设计了用于自动推理的过程模式，并且用其解决微分动力系统研究中的中心-焦点问题。

The supply chain integrates a status":This research investigates the status of the supply chain integration with the standpoint of the organization function and the closed path standpoint; Function standpoint :Enhance the enterprise internal function, promote supply chain integration worth, include a green environmental protection supply chain, supply chain security etc. value activity, carry on horizontal and vertical to integrate a promotion project; Closed path standpoint :Get into an international marketing by the integration value of the closed path, the different industry that creates a supply chain to totally use closed path and look for to have a closed path resource carries on an alliance and develops the value of the closed path integration."

供应链整合状态」：本研究以组织功能观点及通路观点来探究供应链整合状态；功能观点：强化企业内部功能，促进供应链整合价值，包含绿色环保供应链、供应链安全等价值活动，进水平与垂直整合推动计画；通路观点：以通路的整合价值进入国际市场销，建供应链共用通、寻求具有通资源的业进盟，发挥通路整合价值。

After take analyzed deeply for the opened magnet circuit with FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) we find out the field distributing that is separated into three sections . One is the main area what we called as positive field section. Beside the main field there are tow areas that are called the inverted field sections. Loudspeaker arise a very serious distortion when the voice coil moving into inverted field areas. The direction of induced current in the coil part of entered inverted field area is same with the current driving into loudspeaker so that total currents increas largely and heat increase rapidly. With more coils moving into inverted area the voice coil will take on negative inductance properties. It is the main reason that voice coil is burned by heating with increasing current due to arise negative inductance. So opened magnetic circuit is not suitable for the woofers in which the voice coil have wider displacement range. When using this kind magnetic circuit design, the voice coil moving range should be less than the range of positive field to avoid loudspeaker arise serious distortion and heating. Even though voice coil moving range is in the positive area, loudspeaker will still arise more distortion because the field distribution is very cliffy at tow sides of the positive area and full range of magnetic field distribution is not parallel that will arise distortion. Base on above reasons, opened magnetic circuit is not an ideal magnetic circuit for low-frequency loudspeakers. But it can be used in mid-range or high-frequency productions.

开式磁路是由2片钕铁硼磁铁和主导磁板和导磁垫片组成，我们在实践过程中发现这种磁路结构不适合于低频扬声器的使用，我们通过使用FEMM（Finite Element Method Magnetics）软件包对该磁路进行了分析，该磁路的磁场范围被分成3个区域，其中在主导磁板附近形成一个正向磁场，在正向磁场的两边存在反向的磁场，音圈在工作时有很大一部分进入了反向磁场中，在反向磁场内线圈的感应电流方向与驱动电流方向相同，使得音圈呈现出负感抗特性，由于音圈的负感抗特性引起电流的增加导致音圈发热甚至烧毁，因此在扬声器中使用开式磁路时，音圈的运动范围应控制在正向磁场范围之内，否则音圈运动到反向磁场区域时将会产生很大的失真和发热，即使在设计时已经将音圈的运动范围控制在正向磁场范围之内，由于正向磁场的2个边缘磁场强度衰减太快，同时开式磁路中磁场的分布不是平行的，而是自由发散的分布，这样肯定会导致扬声器的非线性失真，因此我们得到的结论是：开式磁路并不是一个理想的磁路，它不适合于低频扬声器的使用，但它还可以应用于中高频扬声器。

The opened magnetic circuit is composed as tow NdFeB permanent magnets and a top plate without U-yoke. After take analyzed deeply for the opened magnet circuit with FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) we find out the field distributing that is separated into three sections . One is the main area what we called as positive field section. Beside the main field there are tow areas that are called the inverted field sections. Loudspeaker arise a very serious distortion when the voice coil moving into inverted field areas. The direction of induced current in the coil part of entered inverted field area is same with the current driving into loudspeaker so that total currents increas largely and heat increase rapidly. With more coils moving into inverted area the voice coil will take on negative inductance properties. It is the main reason that voice coil is burned by heating with increasing current due to arise negative inductance. So opened magnetic circuit is not suitable for the woofers in which the voice coil have wider displacement range. When using this kind magnetic circuit design, the voice coil moving range should be less than the range of positive field to avoid loudspeaker arise serious distortion and heating. Even though voice coil moving range is in the positive area, loudspeaker will still arise more distortion because the field distribution is very cliffy at tow sides of the positive area and full range of magnetic field distribution is not parallel that will arise distortion. Base on above reasons, opened magnetic circuit is not an ideal magnetic circuit for low-frequency loudspeakers. But it can be used in mid-range or high-frequency productions.

开式磁路是由2片钕铁硼磁铁和主导磁板和导磁垫片组成，我们在实践过程中发现这种磁路结构不适合于低频扬声器的使用，我们通过使用FEMM（Finite Element Method Magnetics）软件包对该磁路进行了分析，该磁路的磁场范围被分成3个区域，其中在主导磁板附近形成一个正向磁场，在正向磁场的两边存在反向的磁场，音圈在工作时有很大一部分进入了反向磁场中，在反向磁场内线圈的感应电流方向与驱动电流方向相同，使得音圈呈现出负感抗特性，由于音圈的负感抗特性引起电流的增加导致音圈发热甚至烧毁，因此在扬声器中使用开式磁路时，音圈的运动范围应控制在正向磁场范围之内，否则音圈运动到反向磁场区域时将会产生很大的失真和发热，即使在设计时已经将音圈的运动范围控制在正向磁场范围之内，由于正向磁场的2个边缘磁场强度衰减太快，同时开式磁路中磁场的分布不是平行的，而是自由发散的分布，这样肯定会导致扬声器的非线性失真，因此我们得到的结论是：开式磁路并不是一个理想的磁路，它不适合于低频扬声器的使用，但它还可以应用于中高频扬声器。

The existing points and lines would form a closed geometric shape. If we put the new point Z outside the closed geometric shape at first and later then found that the point Z has neighboring relationship with the existing point A which is inside the closed geometric shape, we could not link point Z and A directly because that would bring line crossing. If we rearrange the point Z into the closed geometric shape, that also would cause a lot of work to do. With the help of Exclave, all problems could be solved easily. We use point X outside the closed geometric shape as the Exclave of the point A. Then the line between point Z and X could demonstrate the neighboring relationship of the point Z and A.

原有的各点和相邻线段往往会形成一个封闭的几何图形，如果我们把新增点 Z 设在原有的封闭几何图形外部，后来又发现该点 Z 和位于封闭几何图形内部的点 A 存在相邻关系，这时不能直接将两点连接因为那将产生交叉，而如果将点 Z 重新设在封闭图形内部也将导致大量的调整工作；此时借助外飞地的概念，可以轻松地解决上述问题，即在封闭几何图形外部设置点 X 作为点 A 的外飞地，两点使用同样的颜色，用点 Z 和点 X 的相邻线段表示点 Z 和点 A 之间的相邻关系。

If we closed the stock fund and open the performance of equity funds to make a comparison, from the proceeds, we can not see a particular species has a distinct advantage, but the closed-end bond funds relative in open-end bond fund returns is a very obvious advantage, in fact, the last line of this table, the latest year, closed-end bond funds as opposed to open-end fund revenue increased 22.74 percent, nearly three years is 55.43 percent, nearly five years beyond the range of more than 55.9 percent, which the middle of the main reason for this is not the manager of closed-end funds than open-end fund managers with high levels, the key lies in product differentiation, one is closed, one is open.

如果我们关闭了股票基金和开放式股票基金的表现作比较，从收益中，我们看不到某一物种具有明显的优势，但封闭式债券基金相对开放年末债券基金的回报是非常明显的优势，事实上，这个表的最后一行，最近一年，封闭式债券基金相对于开放式基金收入增长百分之22.74，是近三年百分之55.43，接近五年超出了超过百分之55.9，其中的主要原因中间是不是经理封闭比开放式水平高的封闭式基金的基金经理，关键在于产品差异范围，一个是封闭的，一个是开放的。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。