查询词典 algebra of logic

Based on our former work on agent BDI logic, multi-agent cooperation logics and multi-agent cooperative problem solving process modeling, as well as the work of Baral et al. on non-monotonic temporal logics, strong and weak exceptions were introduced to Alternating-time Temporal Logic that was the primogenitor of multi-agent cooperation logics. As a result, non-monotonic alternating-time temporal logic was developed, and its syntax and semantics were proposed.

在前期关于Agent BDI逻辑、多Agent合作逻辑、多Agent合作问题求解过程建模等研究工作的基础上，借鉴Baral等人开发非单调线性时态逻辑N-LTL的技术，利用强弱例外对多Agent合作逻辑的开创性工作交互时态逻辑进行拓展，建立非单调交互时态逻辑NATL，给出其语法和语义。

In the field of propositional logic in computer logic, the Logic Equivalent of propositional is fundermental.

在逻辑语言的命题演算中，命题式的等价是一个基础性的问题，在判定命题式等价问题中，真值表示比较常用的一个方式。

Fields covered include: logic of provability, applications of computability theory to biology, psychology, physics, chemistry, economics, and other basic sciences; computability theory and computable models; logic and space-time geometry; hybrid systems; logic and region-based theory of space.

包括的领域包括： provability的逻辑，对生物学，心理学，物理学，化学，经济学和其他基础科学的computability 理论的应用； computability 理论和可计算的模型；逻辑学和空间时间几何学；混合法；逻辑和基于地区的空间的理论。

In fact, once we take a closer examination on some of his classical texts, it's not very difficult for us to find that Mill's psychologism was strictly limited by himself. On the one hand, he asserted that the logic as an art got its theoretical basis from the logic as a science, which, in a very broad sense, was taken as a part of psychology, and on the other hand, he also asserted that logic could receive some enlightenment regarding how to construct a theory from psychology.

事实上，只要更仔细地研读穆勒本人的经典文本，我们就不难发现，穆勒对自己的心理主义做了严格的限定：他一方面断言，作为一项技艺的逻辑学从作为一门科学的逻辑学那里获得全部的理论基础，而作为科学的逻辑学广义上乃是心理学的一部分；另一方面他又断言逻辑学可以从心理学那里获得理论构造方面的启示。

Architecture description languages and their accompanying toolsets have been proposed as the answer. The XYZ/E is an executable linear temporal logic language. It can represent both dynamic and static semantics of systems. Basing on XYZ/E, the executable linar temporal logic language, we provide an architecture description language XYZ/ADL, which can represent both high-level abstract specification and the concrete implementation, thereby provides premise for the smooth transition from specification to implementation. And it can represent both the specification and the inner structure of a component under the unified logic framework, owing to the representability of the XYZ/E.

本项目研究旨在根据XYZ系统的特性，在时序逻辑语言XYZ/E的基础上，提出一种支持在XYZ系统中设计软件体系结构的描述语言XYZ/ADL，使之不仅能够对软件体系结构进行精确的形式化描述，而且为对其进行求精、验证、演化和分析提供基础，从而能在统一的时序逻辑框架下描述组件的规范和它的内部结构，并逐步过渡到最后的算法实现，从而能够支持软件开发设计的逐步求精全过程，把原有的两种支持软件开发的方法即支持模块化程序设计的方法和支持从规范到算法实现的逐步求精的方法有机地结合起来。

wittgenstein's philosophy thoughts can be divided into two different stages. in his first stage, he contributes to logic analytical philosophy, the core of which is schematism. it has a decisive influence on the logic positivism. while in his second stage, he cast away his former philosophy ideas, replacing his schematism with theory of language game, logic analysis with linguistic analysis, deal language with daily language.

维特根斯坦的哲学思想可分为前期和后期，前期为逻辑分析哲学、核心是图式说，它对逻辑实证主义具有决定性影响；后期基本上抛弃了前期的哲学观点，即以语言游戏说代替了图式说，以语言分析代替了逻辑分析，以日常语言代替了理想语言。

Starting from the structural ideas of contemporary linguistics, he argued that there is one universal form of human logic and that the difference between the thinking of primitive and modern people cannot be based on different modes of thought or logic but rather on differences in the data on which logic operates.

从结构思想的当代语言学，他认为，有一个普遍的形式逻辑与人类之间的差别思想的原始和现代的人不能基於不同的思维方式和逻辑，而是对不同的数据其中的逻辑运作。

Application predicate logic on data sublanguage as its mathematical foundation would make the study of data sublanguage become the research of predicate logic and the optimization of data sublanguage become the matters of simplification of predicate logic.

本文旨在研究将谓词逻辑及公理化理论应用于关系数据库中表示数据子语言，应用谓词逻辑作为它的数学基础，使得对这些语言的研究成为对谓词逻辑的研究，优化数据子语言的表示成为对谓词逻辑的化简问题。

The logic of linguistic communication aims at solving the natural language phenomenon in daily life,supplying further the logic theory of normal expression and understanding,which is the fruit of combination among modem logic,grammar and rhetoric,developing gradually along with the uprising of modem syntactics,semantics and pragmatics .

语言交流的逻辑旨在处理日常的自然语言现象，进而提供日常表达和理解的逻辑理论，它是现代的逻辑、语法和修辞相结合的产物，是伴随着现代的语形学、语义学和语用学的兴起而逐步发展起来的。

Finally, several MTNCs were designed for implementing the XOR operation and Literal, AND, OR operation in ternary logic at switch level. The result of simulation with PSPICE showed that the designed circuits had not only the correct logic function and small propagation delay but also had simple structure. Whats more, when achieving the same logic function, the MTNCs decreased large amount of hardware expense compared with the STN circuits.

对设计出的电路进行PSPICE模拟并测量相关参数，结果表明，该设计方法不但简便、规范，而且设计出的多阈值神经元电路具有速度快，结构简单的优点，并且，在实现相同逻辑功能时，采用多阈值神经元电路相对于单阈值神经元电路，大幅降低了硬件成本。

Summary In copyright infringement cases,if the alleged infringer uses or even plagiarizes the copyrighted works or parts thereof,which causes no substantially adverse effect on the normal exploitation of the work,nor does it inflict any substantial damages to the right owner,the de minis doctrine should be applied to exempt the liabilities of the defendant and seek the balance of interests between the right owner and the general public embodied by the copyright law.

在侵犯著作权案件中，如果被控侵权行为人虽未经著作权人的同意，使用甚至抄袭了受著作权保护的作品或作品的片段，但若情节轻微，未对该作品的正常使用产生任何实质不利的影响，亦未对权利人的权利造成实质性的损害，则应适用&不计琐细原则&，免除行为人的责任，以寻求在权利人利益与著作权法所体现的社会公共利益之间的平衡。

This new product will become our best seller.

这个新产品会成为我们最畅销的产品。