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There is no rule as to how long a tourniquet may be safely inflated. The time may vary with the age of the patient and the vascular supply of the extremity. In an average healthy adult under 50 years of age, we prefer to leave the tourniquet inflated for no more than 2 hours. If an operation on the lower extremity takes longer than 2 hours, it is better to finish it as rapidly as possible than to deflate the tourniquet for 10 minutes and then reinflate it.

目前还无法证实止血带使用多长时间是安全的，这个时限可能因患者的年龄及肢体的血供而异。50岁以下的健康成人，我们一般掌握止血带的单次使用时限不超过2小时，如果下肢的手术需要2小时以上时，应设法尽快完成手术，这比松开止血带10分钟后，再次将止血带充气更好。

There is no rule as to how long a tourniquet may be safely inflated. The time may ary with the age of the patient and the ascular supply of the extremity. In an aerage healthy adult under 50 years of age, we prefer to leae the tourniquet inflated for no more than 2 hours. If an operation on the lower extremity takes longer than 2 hours, it is better to finish it as rapidly as possible than to deflate the tourniquet for 10 minutes and then reinflate it.

目前还无法证实止血带使用多长时间是安全的，这个时限可能因患者的年龄及肢体的血供而异。50岁以下的健康**，我们一般掌握止血带的单次使用时限不超过2小时，如果下肢的手术需要2小时以上时，应设法尽快完成手术，这比松开止血带10分钟后，再次将止血带充气更好。

The time span of the Xiaochaka Formation has also been constrained by related biostratum in present paper. It is inferred that the age of volcanism in the Nadi Kangri Formation is probably occurred between the Late Triassic Norian and Rhaetian, prior to the previous age-constraint of this Formation.

运用已有的生物地层资料确定肖茶卡组地层的沉积时间(晚三叠世诺利期-瑞替期)，从而推测那底岗日组火山岩形成时代略晚于这个时间，很可能早于前人关于该套地层的时代认识。

Investigation results demonstrate that the age of intermediate to alkaline potash rich volcanic rocks of the first cycle of the Qingshan Formation is 109.9±0.6 Ma; and the age of the acidic rhyolitic volcanic rocks of the second cycle of the Qingshan Formation ...

结果表明，青山组第一旋回中偏碱性富钾火山岩的形成年龄为10 9.9± 0 。6Ma ，第二旋回酸性流纹质火山岩形成年龄为 10 8.2± 0 。6Ma ，据此确定胶莱盆地青山组火山岩应为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。

Based on a systematic petrographic and geochemical study and a zircon U-Pb SHRIMP age analysis, the authors revealed that the age of ore-hosting volcanics (XC01-1 rhyolitic tuff) is 180.4±3.5 Ma.

对西藏冈底斯带南部雄村铜金矿床的容矿火山岩和外围岩石进行了岩石学、地球化学、锆石年代学研究。

The metal elements of the volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit have two sources, the copper and zinc are derived from rhyolitic magmas whereas the lead are probably related to old sediments overlying the rhyolites.(4) It is suggested here that the volcanic rocks hosting massive sulfide deposit in the north Qilian orogen, which are previously considered as a bimodal suite of Neo-proterozoic to middle Cambrian age in a continental rift, are virtually related to subduction magmatism in Ordovician age, and there might have no continental rift magmatism of Neo-proterozoic to middle Cambrian in the north Qilian.

Th/Ta比高(5.0～11.7)，εNd为较大的负值(-2.6～-8.4)，流纹岩的形成可能是两个端元组分混合的过程、或是上地壳混染的结果，形成在活动陆缘环境；(3)北祁连块状硫化物矿床成矿金属物质具有两种来源，Cu、Zn等来源于流纹岩，而Pb的来源可能与古老沉积物有关；(4)本文认为，前人厘定的北祁连新元古代-中寒武纪赋存块状硫化物矿床的大陆裂谷双峰式火山岩应是与俯冲作用有关的奥陶纪火山岩，说明北祁连可能不存在新元古代-中寒武纪的大陆裂谷活动。

As regards to age,gender andhistopathological characters,the 33 cases were as follows:①age,27-67years old(Median 45 years old);②gender,28 males and 5 females;③themaximum diameter of lesions,1.0-12.5cm(Mean5.9cm);④the histology,trabecular type 18 cases(18/33,54.5%),pseudoglandular 4(4/33,12.1%),compact 7(7/33,21.2%)and scirrhous 4(4/33,12.1%);⑤Edmondson-Steiner classification,gradeⅠ3 cases(3/33,9.1%),Ⅱ14(14/33,42.2%),Ⅲ 12(12/33,36.4%)and Ⅳ 4(4/33,12.1%).

年龄、性别及组织病理学方面结果如下：①年龄，27-67岁(Median 45岁)；②性别，男性28例，女性5例；③肿块最大径，1.0-12.5cm(Mean5.9cm)；④组织学类型，小梁型18例(18/33，54.5％)，假腺管型4例(4/33，12.1％)，致密型7例(7/33，21.2％)及硬化型4例(4/33，12.1％)；⑤Edmondson-Steiner分级，Ⅰ级3例(3/33，9.1％)，Ⅱ级14例(14/33，42.2％)，Ⅲ级12例(12/33，36.4％)及Ⅳ级4例(4/33，12.1％)。

These 375 patients had a median age of 50.57±10.46(range,19-72) with 87.4%HBsAg positive and 4.3%anti-HCV antibody positive;The apparent peak incidence age was 40～60 years old,and the ratio of male to female was 10.7:1;The 3 and 5 year postoperational survival rate were 52%and 38%;The tumour numbers(p=0.000),tumor size(p=0.025),histological pattern (p=0.000),nuclear features(p=0.000),differentiation(p=0.001) and vascular invasion(p=0.000) were significantly correlated with prognosis.The postoperational survival time of thin trabeculae pattern,compact pattern and pseudoglandular pattern were significantly longer than that of thick trabeculae, scirrhous pattern,and solid patternp＜0.009the postoperational survival time of 1 and 2 grade based on nuclear features were significantly longer than that of 3 and 4 grades(p=0.000The small cell variant,osteoclast-like giant cell variant, and spindle cell variant were mainly composed of thick trabeculae pattern and solid pattern,which were significantly different from that of clear cell variant.

结果1。本组资料显示肝细胞癌发病年龄19～72岁，平均50.57±10.46岁，发病高峰年龄40～60岁，男女比例为10.7：1；HBsAg87.4%，anti-HCV抗体4.3%；术后3年生存率为52%，5年生存率为38%；肿瘤数目(p=0.000)、肿瘤大小(p=0.025)、组织学结构类型(p=0.000)、核分级(p=0.000)、分化程度(p=0.001)及血管浸润均(p=0.000)与预后明显相关；其中组织学结构类型中细梁状型生存时间与致密梁状型和腺样型无明显区别(p＞0.05)而明显高于粗梁状型、实性型和硬化型(p≤0.009)，硬化型生存时间与实性型之间无明显区(p＞0.05)而明显低于其余各型p≤0.006核分级1级与2级生存时间无明显区别(p＞0.05，核分级3级与4级生存时间无明显区别(p＞0.05)，而核分级3级生存时间明显低于2p=0.000小细胞型、巨细胞型和梭形细胞型主要由实性型和粗梁状型组织学结构类型构成，明显不同于透明细胞型(主要由细梁状型和粗梁状型构成(p≤1.006)。2。

In the present age industrial design education, the product semasiology is playing one kind of deep level research product information transmission, the significance expression, enhances the industrial design student to design the cognition the role, also is the information age complied with the people pursue o...

在当代工业设计教育中，产品语意学起着一种深层次研究产品信息传递，意义表达，提高工业设计学生设计认知的作用，也是信息时代顺应人们追求产品生命力、追求产品与人沟通而产生的一种设计思想、方法。

After the age of 6, antibody GMT was shown to be middle and low level. The seropositive rate of measles antibody dropped along with the growth of age.

以1～12岁儿童抗体阳性率高（85.71％～98.44％），GMT则从6岁开始下降至中低等水平，抗体阳性率有随年龄增长而下降的趋势。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。