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To study the lethal effect of high power near infrared diode laser on Locust Nymphae. Oedaleus asiaticus B. Bienko Nymphae that are the third age or before the third age and after the third age were irradiated aiming at the head in different time and power density by the power of 2W and the wavelength of 808nm diode laser. The death-ratio was observed especially after irradiation, five hours after irradiation and 20 o clock the next day after irradiation.

为研究大功率近红外半导体激光对蝗蝻的致死作用，选择采用功率2W、波长808nm的半导体激光器，针对三龄及以前龄期和三龄期后亚洲小车蝗蝻虫分组试验，激光束对准蝗蝻头部位置，进行不同功率密度、不同时间的照射试验，分别观察照射后即刻、照射后5小时和照射后次日蝗蝻的致死率。

Methods Six weeks old male Fischer 344 rats (F344) were used as donors, and six weeks old male F344alb as recipients. All F344alb were divided into 4 groups: group Ⅰ(n=10) was untreated; group Ⅱ(n=10) was treated with CCl4 but no γ-irradiation and transplantation; group Ⅲ(n=10) was transplanted with 1×10^7 BMCs after γ-irradiation, but without CCl4 treatment; group Ⅳ(n=10) was transplanted with 1×10^7 BMCs after γ-irradiation, with CCl4 treatment. The BMCs prepared from the donors were infused via the penial veins of recipients immediately after whole body γ-irradiation (7.5Gy) and CCl4 treatment: 4 weeks after BMCs transplantation, CCl4 were injected into peritoneal cavity twice a week for 4 weeks.

雄性F344大鼠为供体，而雄性F344alb为受体，分为4组：组Ⅰ(n=10)为正常对照组，不接受肝损处理，无全身射线照射和阴茎静脉骨髓细胞移植；组Ⅱ(n=10)为肝损无移植组，只接受肝损处理，无全身射线照射和阴茎静脉骨髓细胞移植；组Ⅲ(n=10)为正常移植组，全身射线照射后阴茎静脉移植骨髓细胞1×10^7；组Ⅳ(n=10)为肝损移植组，接受CCl4注射肝损，全身射线照射后阴茎静脉骨髓细胞移植1×10^7BMCs，其中，γ-照射剂量为7.5Gy，F344大鼠的BMCs经受体的阴茎静脉注入。

The first split of microspore mother cell is observed after one week after beginning of temperature arised under high temperature but the split of secondary sporogenous cell doesn't be found. The split of secondary sporogenous cell is still found after one week but the first split of microspore mother cell is observed after 12d under low temperature. Formating speed of male gametophyte is affected by temperature.

在高温条件下，开始加温1周后即看到小孢子母细胞进行第一次分裂，未观察到次生造孢细胞的分裂；在低温条件下，1周后仍能看到次生造孢细胞的分裂，12d后才看到小孢子母细胞进行第一次分裂。

Through the guidance of professional, we knew to get Xian Jie area before evaporate, lest bilge hampers vapour permeates the skin; Want after clean face thin use currents and other characteristics of a river moist frost, lest heat up steam burnable skin; The hot water of 90 ℃ above is put in washbasin again after all these is finished, wrap up good hair, shut eye Fu body; Face and washbasin want apart 10 centimeters or so, if feel stivy, can look up with dry down towel gently blot is facial drip, rest moment changes hot water to continue again fuming or steaming-treating diseases with fumes as in moxibustion or with steam generated by boiling medicine herbs, relapse so 2-3 second, need about 15 minutes in all; After steam is fumed rinse in time with Wenshui, take a side with cold water, frost of nutrition of the Tu Xie after wiping.

经过专业人员的指导，我们知道了在蒸面前得先洁面，以免污垢妨碍蒸汽渗透皮肤；洁面后要薄施水性滋润霜，以免热汽灼伤皮肤；这一切完成后再在脸盆中放入90℃以上的热水，包扎好头发，闭目俯身；脸与脸盆要相距10厘米左右，如感到气闷，可抬头用干软毛巾轻轻吸干面部水珠，休息片刻再换热水继续熏蒸，如此反复2-3次，共需要大约15分钟；汽熏后及时用温水冲洗，以凉水拍面，擦干后涂些营养霜。

Study the bioactivity of the n-HA/PA66 composite and the effects it would be to body's metabolism of calcium and phosphorus ion in vivo.(3) Study the osteo-conductivity and the ability to repair bone defect of the porous n-HA/PA66 composite and the feasibility use it as the scaffold of bone tissue engineering. Objects and Methods as follows: 1.To evaluate the biocompatability of nano-hydroxyapatite crystals and polyamide composite (n-HA/PA66) with the L929 cells.To proceed the morphological observation and take pictures of L929 cells after 1d,2d,4d,and 7d of co-cultured with extract of n-HA/PA66 ,and direct contact with n-HA/PA66.To determine light absorbtion value of every hole under 500 nm with enzyme linked immunity instrument after 1 d,2 d,4 d,and 7 d of contact of n-HA/PA66 extract with L929 cells,and direct contact with n-HA/PA66.In the meanwhile calculate the relative multiplication rate of cells,and evaluate them by six degree tests for cytotoxicity. To investigate the acute and chronic toxic reaction on the whole body induced by the new nano-hydroapatite crystals and polyamide composite(n-HA/PA66)after implanting in vivo and its effects on partial constitution of animal organs after implanting in vivo,and evaluate the potential and degree of subcuticular stimulation reaction.

本实验主要由以下三部分组成：一、n-HA/PA66 复合材料在动物体内、体外的生物相容性及生物安全性评价二、n-HA/PA66 复合材料植入动物体内的生物活性及近期对机体钙、磷代谢影响的实验研究三、网孔 n-HA/PA66 复合材料作为支架修复兔桡骨节段缺损的动物实验研究主要研究目标及方法如下：参照 GB/T16886.5-1997-ISO 10993-5：1992《医疗器械生物学评价细胞毒性试验体外法》之评价标准和要求，采用规定的 L929 细胞(小鼠结缔组织成纤维细胞)，分别经直接接触和材料浸提液与细胞共培养等方式对 n-HA/PA66 复合材料进行细胞毒性测试，采用细胞形态观察法观察两种细胞各组在 24h、48h、72h、5 天后各时相点的细胞形态学变化，并在显微镜下照相，从而对细胞与材料的生物相容性进行定性评价；同时采用细胞生长抑制法，以酶标仪定量测定评价各组 1，2，4，7 天 L929 细胞的相对增殖率，以定量测定并判别材料对细胞的毒性程度。

Objective To discuss the methods and effects of the treatment under endoscope and the courses of massive hemorrhage of upper digestive tract after gastrectomy and esophagectomy.Methods Emergency endoscope ex-amination were carried out in20massive hemorrhage clients after gastrectomy and esophagectomy,after exposed and washed the bleeding part by cold0.9%NS,1∶10000adrenaline and hypertonic saline were injected in perifocal sub-mucosa.After stop bleeding and before move back the endoscope,spray some YunNanBaiYao and thrombase in the bleeding part to prevent secondary hemoorahge.

目的 探讨食管、胃切除术后上消化道出血的原因及内镜下治疗的方法、效果方法对食管、胃切除术后引起大出血的患者行急症内镜检查，用冰冻生理盐水100ml+去甲肾上腺素8mg反复冲洗，暴露出血部位后在病灶周围黏膜下注射1∶10000肾上腺素及高渗盐水，无出血后，退镜于出血部位喷洒云南白药及凝血酶，防止再次出血。

But after these 4 years, after experiencing the nightmare of receiving 9 rejection letters within 2 weeks and after seeing so many unwished Graduate Entrance Exam results of my friends surrounding who were all once that ambitious, finally I have to believe that if one can obtain a desired result after struggling, he would be so lucky, with uneasiness...

在 Stanford 社会学系的韩国 JJ 告诉我，我是典型的工科女生，什么事情都想找到一个规则来描绘，然后争取优化这个规则从而按照自己的最优解来做事；但是这个世界好多事情都是没有规则的，而没有规则就是最大的规则。

Methods: models of traumatic knee injury were made with zelanian rabbits and were divided into three groups by different time for postoperative function exercise . group a, fixed just after operation; group b, fixed 24 h after operation; group c, fixed 72 h after operation. range of knee joint motion was measured after 30 days, the epithelial cell of synovial membrane and its proliferation, collagen fiber proliferation were observed.

采用新西兰兔制成膝关节创伤模型，然后按功能锻炼时机不同分为术后不固定组；术后固定24 h组；术后固定72 h组3组，30 d后测量膝关节活动度，观察滑膜上皮细胞以及细胞增生、胶原纤维增生情况。

Results: 1. The value of all experimental indexes decreased significantly after heat stress, and reached the lowest at the time 2-8 hours after heat stress. This indicates that the immunity of the mice is damaged to the largest extent at 2-8 hours after heat stress. 2. L-arginine supplementation with appropriate dose could remit the acute atrophying of thymus and spleen tissue caused by heat stress. 3. After L-arginine supplementation with appropriate dose, the lymphocyte proliferation, the level of concentration of IL-2 and * expression of IL-2R raised in the group with room temperature; in the heat stress group the level of three indexs decrease significantly. Furthermore, the decrease of the group given 1 .Smglg.bw L-arginine is the smallest. This result indicates that the concentration of 1 .Smglg.bw L-arginine supplementation could remit the depressment of the immunity caused by heat stress. 4. The [Ca2~] in activated thymocytes of the group with L-arginine -2- supplementation is significantly higher than that of the group with water supplementation. This indicates that L-arginine supplementation could protect thymoeytes of mouse under heat stress. We also found that the fluorescence intensity of [Ca2~] in activated thymocytes of the group given 1 .Smglg.bw L-arginine is the highest.

结果：1、热应激后小鼠的各项免疫指标均有显著性下降，其中在2.8小时降到最低，提示在这个时间段小鼠的免疫功能受到最大损害；2、适量补充精氨酸有助于缓解热应激导致小鼠胸腺和脾脏的急性萎缩；3、常温组，补充适量精氨酸后小鼠淋巴细胞增殖活性、IL-2的浓度及IL-2R的表达均有显著性上升，而热应激后三指标均显著降低，其中在精氨酸给予浓度为1.5mg/g.bw时三指标的降低程度最少，提示该浓度可最大程度缓解热应激对小鼠免疫功能的抑制；4、补充精氨酸组的活化胸腺细胞［Ca~(2+)］较给水组有显著性上升，说明精氨酸对热应激小鼠胸腺细胞具有保护作用，并发现在精氨酸给予浓度为1.5mg/g.bw时活化胸腺细胞的胞浆钙离子荧光强度达到最大；5、热应激后小鼠血清NO的浓度均有不同程度的上升，补充精氨酸后血清NO上升更加明显，但并非随精氨酸给予浓度的增加而增加。

Results 1.After treated by:program freezing,the maximum load of the allografts has no evident decrease and the cell activity of allografts was preserved well,the frozen hurt after program freezing was more slight than －80℃ deepfrozen,2.No evident reject reaction can be seen during the healing process after deep frozen and the reject reaction declined as the time pass by.3.Three weeks afer the allografting,there was no significant difference between the two al lografting groups in maximum load(P＞0.05),Eight weeks later,the maximum load of the group that was preserved by liquid nitrogen after program freezing(76.60±4.67)N was better than the group that was preserved by －80℃ deepfrozen(75.99±4.20) and similar with the autografting group(76.72±2.55).4.The healing process and histological behavior of the two deepfrozen groups are similar with the autografting group,and the program freezing group is better.

结果 a经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，髌腱的最大载荷无明显下降，细胞活性得到了较好的保存，组织学观察冷冻损伤较－80℃深低温保存方法轻微；b程序冷冻液氮保存处理的移植物在术后未表现明显的排斥反应，且免疫反应随时间的推移而下降；c移植后3周，各组移植物的最大载荷无显著差异(P＞0.05)，移植后8周，程序冷冻液氮保存组移植物的最大载荷(55.87±1.86)N优于－80℃深低温保存组(52.14±2.79)，而和自体移植组相近(57.70±2.76)N；d从组织学观察看，－80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组移植后的愈合过程均和自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组的愈合过程和组织学行为更接近于自体移植组。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48