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They were characterized by vivid racial elements, the adoration of force and the trend of revanchism, all of which obviously reflected a tension between nationalism and liberalism. It can be attributed to the radical political context and the ideal context affected by the blend of traditional ethnic consciousness and the external theories of state and nationalism, both of which lead to the tension between nationalism and liberalism in modern China.

本文从民族话语的传播媒介和作为话语构建主体的知识分子的分化与组合入手，分析拒俄事件中知识分子对民族主义的学理性阐释，对民族共同的敌人的塑造以及民族集体记忆的搭建和民族情绪的渲染，归纳其民族话语建构中种族因素突出，强力崇拜和复仇主义倾向明显的集体主义种族民族主义特质，进而由知识分子深陷的激进政治语境、边缘化过程中的群体特质，以及传统族群意识与外来进化理念、人种学说、国家观念、民族主义理论交汇而成的观念语境出发，结合经世致用与道德取向的知识人传统，探讨知识精英民族话语建构中种族民族主义倾向掩盖自由主义价值追求的缘由。

These results indicate that the dispersion effect of retardation films are not obvious, and the retardation characteristics of different retarders generated by the same material are almost the same, which would be useful to study how the color liquid crystal display is affected by dispersion effects of retardation films.

本实验得到的蓝光延迟量＝(1-3.5%)绿光延迟量；红光延迟量＝(1+2.6%)绿光延迟量，这为分析延迟膜的色散效应对彩色液晶显示所带来的影响提供了依据。

Transaction costs are affected by the characteristics of transaction (limited rationality;opportunism;asset specificity;uncertainty and transaction frequency) which are determined by the characteristics of main body of transaction (vegetable-growing households and sale intermediaries), transaction object and the environmental condition, as well as relations between them.

而根据交易费用理论，交易费用主要由交易特性（有限理性、机会主义、资产专用性、不确定性和交易频率）决定的，交易特性又是由交易主体特性、交易客体特性、交易环境和各交易主体之间的关系决定的，因此影响交易特性的因素便是影响蔬菜种植户选择不同销售中介的因素。

The vanadium oxide films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectra . It is found that the formation of vanadium oxide films was affected by substrate temperature and annealing time, because high substrate temperature and annealing were favorable to further oxidation.

采用X-射线衍射和X-射线光电子能谱对钒氧化物进行了表征，发现钒氧化物薄膜的形成受衬底温度和退火时间的影响，因为衬底温度以及退火有利于进一步氧化。

By the end of the 12-week study, all the patients who receied the bosentan-iloprost therapy were able to walk 98 feet further during a six-minute walk test, and 11 of them showed improement in a measurement of how seerely they were affected by PAH.

在12周的研究后，接受伊洛前列素和波生坦联合治疗的病人可在6分钟步行测试中能独立行走98尺，其中11例可观察到明显的改善。

Unlike silver salt, platinum compounds are not affected by light; the process depends on the fact that the composition of certain iron salts is altered by the action of ultraviolet light in proportion to the length and intensity of exposure.

在1873年发明。与银盐法不同，铂钯元素不受光的影响，印像过程依据的是一定量的铁盐合成在紫外光的作用下按照曝光的时间和强度而改变。

On the bases of absorption spectra measurements, it is shown that stabilizer is beneficial to the stability of J-aggregate of sensitizing dye Results of reflection spectra and spectral-exposure experiments demonstrate that spectra absorbance are greatly affected by the adding order of stabilizer and sensitizing dye and only stabilizer added after dye can advantage for J-aggregate of sensitizing dye neatly forming on the surface of silver chloride grain and its absorbance be available ESR experiments show that the addition of stabilizers can decrease the number of dye positive hole and accelerate the decay of it Then desensitization aroused by the recombination of dye positive hole with photoelectron and/or latent image center, was reduced at the presence of the stabilizers

通过溶液光谱实验说明稳定剂有利于染料J聚集体的稳定性；反射光谱实验和光谱曝光实验证明稳定剂与染料的添加次序对乳剂的光吸收有很大的影响，只有稳定剂在染料之后加才有利于染料在AgCl颗粒上排列整齐形成J聚集态及其光吸收；ESR实验结果说明稳定剂的加入可以降低染料正空穴的浓度及其衰减速率，使乳剂中染料正空穴减少，从而抑制了染料正空穴引起的减感作用。因此可以认为稳定剂的超增感作用：一是有利于染料形成J聚集态及乳剂的光吸收；二是降低染料正空穴的浓度，从而抑制染料的减感。同时还提出了染料与稳定剂的增感吸附模型。

As customer satisfaction is psychology and self-perceiving, it possesses fuzzy and comprehensive characteristics, which can not be quantified by accurate number. What\'s more, customer satisfaction evaluation is affected by a few factors, which include large known information and unknown information as well. Especially in the new field of mobile commerce, ordinary people know a little about it, the large part of which still remains unknown, that is grey cognition.

顾客满意度是顾客的一种心理状态和自我感受，具有很强的模糊性、综合性，很难用准确的数字指标来量化；而且，顾客满意度测评受多种因素的影响，既有大量的已知信息，也包括大量的未知信息，特别对于移动商务这种新兴的领域，人们对它的认识还存在许多空白，即认知灰色。

The lipid may divide into the animal fat and the vegetable oil according to its origin, and the saponification value affected by the carbon chain length of fatty acids. The types of lipid determine the properties of saponification products. Besides, it takes different time to accomplish the reactions of saponification by the different lipid.

油脂依其来源可分为动物性油脂与植物性油脂，油脂皂化价受油脂脂肪酸碳链长度影响，因此油脂种类决定皂化产物之特性与质感，不同的油脂达成皂化反应所需时间也各有差异。

Longnan area of the east part of Gansu province, which has affected by the 2008.5.12 Wenchuan earthquake, was selected as study area. Firstly, based on the comprehensive investigation and analysis on the Wenchuan earthquake context, the intrinsic causing factors selected had been defined as the preliminary scenario by expert experiences. The logisticl regression analysis was carried out to produce the landslide susceptiblity map in this study area.

以2008.5.12汶川地震影响较严重的甘肃东部的陇南震区作为研究区，全面调查和分析了地震前后影响历史大型深层滑坡的空间要素，依据专家经验确定的内在成因要素作为滑坡敏感性评价的初步方案，统计式的逻辑回归多变量分析被执行绘制了滑坡危险等级地图。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。