查询词典 adjoint operator

Experimental evidences on ideal and real data show that different weighting and scaling have different influence on the adjoint assimilation system,and the system has good ability of assimilation and the adjoint code method is a very effective tool.

通过理想场和实际资料进行的试验发现：权重系数和尺度因子选取的不同会对伴随模式同化系统产生不同的影响。试验表明伴随模式系统有较强的同化能力，对提高预报效果有积极的作用，用伴随码推导伴随模式是很有价值的工具。

For a nonlinear autonomous dynamic system, there exists an adjoint system, which is a gradient system. All equilibrium points of the original system are stable equilibrium points in the adjoint system.

对于一个非线性自治动力系统，存在一个伴随系统，该伴随系统是一个梯度系统，原始系统的所有平衡点都是伴随系统的渐近稳定平衡点，并且每一平衡点存在解析形式的Lyapunov函数。

Based on adjoint code technique, the adjoint assimilation system of MM4 model is developed, and the assimilation experiments of conventional and non-conventional data are carried out.

以中尺度模式MM4为基础，利用伴随码技术改进、完善了MM4伴随模式同化系统，并利用该系统进行了常规资料和非常规资料的伴随模式同化试验，例如加入了可降水量资料等。

Spectral methods and the classical Crank-Nicolson scheme are applied to deduce the full discrete system for the continuous model, then the variational adjoint assimilation approach is used to derive the gradient and the corresponding adjoint system.

从这个全离散问题出发，结合全局或局部已知的观测数据，分别构造梯度下降算法求解相应的最优化问题。我们分析了采用不同方法计算梯度所需的代价，另外，还给出一种选择最优迭代步长的算法。

In this paper a genetic algorithm four-dimension data assimilation system was applied to the more complex MM5 model, we verify the performance of the genetic algorithm assimilation system, we take the a heavy rainfall process during 04-05, July, 2003 as the experimental research object, and carry out data assimilation experiment of actual observation data, compare the experimental results of the genetic algorithm assimilation system and MM5 adjoint model assimilation system with the experimental results without assimilation, the following is the result:genetic algorithm assimilation system is used not only in a barotropic primitive equation but also in the complex model, MM5, for example, in the ideal experiment the result of the genetic algorithm assimilation system is better than the MM5 adjoint model assimilation system, in the assimilation experiment of actual observation data, whichever assimilation system is used, the initial field of numerical prediction model is effectively improved and the prediction effect of physical field and rainfall are somewhat enhanced.

本文将遗传算法的四维同化系统运用到更复杂的MM5模式中，在理想实验中验证遗传算法同化系统的性能，并以2003年7月4日"南京暴雨"作为研究对象，进行了实际观测资料的同化，并将遗传算法同化系统和MM5伴随模式同化系统得到的结果跟未同化的结果进行了比较，结果如下：遗传算法同化系统不仅可以用在正压原始方程模式上，同样也可以用在MM5等复杂模式上，理想实验证明了遗传算法同化系统优于MM5伴随同化系统，在实际观测资料同化中，采用两种方法的同化系统都能有效地改善数值预报模式的初始场，能在一定程度上提高物理量场和降水量的预报效果。

The optimal control law obtained consists of linear analytic functions and a compensation term which is a series sum of the adjoint vectors. The analytic functions can be found by solving a Riccati matrix difference equation and a matrix difference equation. The compensation term can be obtained by a recursion formula that solves adjoint vector equations.

得到的最优输出跟踪控制律由状态向量的线性解析函数和伴随向量级数形式的补偿项组成，其解析函数由一次性求解Riccati矩阵差分方程和矩阵差分方程得到，补偿项由求解伴随向量差分方程的递推公式得到。

The definition of adjoint pair and equivalent condition are discussed. A sufficient condition of adjoint pair is improved.

讨论伴随对定义及其等价条件，改进伴随对存在的一个充分条件。

This research method is independent of Green"s function and variational structure. So it can tackle with the BVP for non self-adjoint and self-adjoint difference equations and overcome the difficulties brought about by the establishment of Green"s function, a study of the sign and the estimate of below and above bounded for Greens function.

本章的研究方法既不依赖于Green函数又不依赖于变分结构，因而能解决非自共轭的差分方程边值问题，且克服了Green函数的建立、其符号的判断及其上下界的估计给研究带来的困难，该方法同样适用于研究自共轭的差分方程边值问题。

Firstly, we define the Killing form over any finite dimensional Hopf algebras using the adjoint action, then we investigate the fundamental properties of the Killing form, and obtain a decomposition of Hopf algebras under the adjoint action.

首先，利用Hopf代数的伴随作用定义了有限维Hopf代数上的Killing型，并讨论了Killing型的基本性质，得到了Hopf代数上的伴随表示分解式。

By constructing different quotient spaces,using the method of symplectic geometry,the self-adjoint extensions of symmetric differential operators in the direct sum spaces for the different deficiency indices at(2,2)singular points was discussed. The classification and description of complete Lagrangian submanifold that correspond with self-adjoint domains of second order differential operators were given.

由于对称微分算子在端点处的亏指数取值情况不同，当微分算子在端点处的亏指数均取(2， 2)时，通过构造商空间，应用辛几何的方法讨论了直和空间的对称微分算子的自共轭扩张问题，并给出了与二阶微分算子自共轭域相对应的完全Lagrangian子流型的分类与描述。

Diabetes is a social disease that affects several million people worldwide.

糖尿病是一个社会性疾病，全世界有数百万人罹患此病。

I'll call you on Friday to see if we can reschedule our luncheon meeting at your convenience.

我星期五会给您打电话在您方便的时候我们重新安排我们的午餐约会。