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The potential AD patients showed more significant impairment in olfactory function (the average value of DT and RT were respectively 1.970±0.903 and 3.081±0.474) than the controls (the average value of DT and RT were respectively 1.468±0.933 and 2.542±0.748), some of the potential AD patients were anosmia; The DT average value of the controls were significantly lower than the potential AD patients't=2.166, p

本研究中发现可能AD 患者嗅粘膜有与AD 脑内病理改变相关的神经丝堆积，可将其作为研究AD 活的神经细胞的来源。因此怎样不断完善和改进嗅觉检查方法，以进一步提高其早期拟诊AD 的敏感性和特异性，将具有广阔的科研前景和重要的临床应用价值。

Methods The target DNA sequence of yrdC was obtained from human spleen tissue by using RT-PCR,construct high titer recombinant adenovirus Ad-yrdC by using AdEasy adenovirus carrier system,detect yrdC protein expression by using Western blot and immunohistochemical method,set up control group and transfected Ad-Null group,and study the effects Ad-yrdC on BGC-823 cell line by drawing cell growth curve and MTT chromatometry.

方法用RT-PCR方法获取人脾脏组织yrdC基因序列，采用AdEasy腺病毒载体系统构建携带yrdC基因的高滴度重组腺病毒Ad-yrdC，将其转染胃癌BGC-823细胞，应用Western blot和免疫组织化学法检测yrdC蛋白表达，设对照组和转染Ad-Null组，并分别绘制细胞生长曲线和MTT比色法研究Ad-yrdC对BGC-823细胞的影响。

Structures of Na~+-AD ion-complexes with 1 or 2 H2O molecules were obtained. It was found that H2O can bond with Na~+ in the structure of Na~+-AD to form Na-O van der Waals bond. H2O molecule can also bond with N or O atoms in AD moiety to form H-bonds as N-H…Ow or O…Hw-Ow. The former process takes place more easily. The most stable structures of Na~+-AD ion-complexes with 1 and 2 H2O molecules are W-C7AB and 2W-C7AB, respectively.αB conformer of Na~+-AD can not exist in the presence of 2 H2O molecules.

研究发现水分子可以结合在Na~+-AD络合离子中的Na~+附近形成Na-OW范德华键，也可以与Na~+-AD络合离子骨架结构中电负性较强的N或O原子结合形成N-H…OW或O…HW-OW氢键，相对而言，水分子更容易结合在Na~+-AD络合离子中的Na~+位置，Na~+-AD最稳定的带1个或2个水分子的结构分别为W-C7AB和2W-C7AB，Na~+-AD络合离子的αB构象在2分子水存在的情况下完全消失。

The influences of the inclusion of Na~+ into each conformer (C7AB, C7"AB, C7eqB, C5A, C7axB orα"B) of AD molecule on the Ramachandran angles of molecular backbone and the hydrogen bonds in AD moiety were discussed in detail. It was found that in the forming process of bidentate structures of Na~+-AD ion-complexes, the original H-bonds in AD molecule were fully broken down, accompanying with the new formation of the two Na-O bonds.

论文中详细探讨了Na~+-AD络合离子六种构象的空间构型，分析了丙氨酸二肽与Na~+作用过程中AD分子骨架Ramachandran角及分子内N(1)–H(1)…O(2)、N(2)–H(2)…O(1)、N(1)–H(1)…N(2)和N(2)–H(2)…N(1)氢键的变化，研究发现Na~+与AD分子形成双齿结构时，AD骨架中原先的氢键全部被破坏，继而形成了两个新的Na-O键；Na~+与AD分子形成单齿络合离子时，AD骨架中原先的氢键或者得到增强或者断裂之后出现新的强度更大的氢键。

After linearisation by restriction enzyme PacI, the recombinant plasmids were transfected into HEK 293-cells and amplified to give large quantities of infectious recombinant adenovirus carrying the sequences of si-FOXO1s, designated Ad-si-FOXO1-1, Ad-si-FOXO1-2, Ad-si-FOXO1-3, Ad-si-FOXO-pan and Ad-NC, respectively.

人工合成si-FOXO1s的cDNA序列，退火形成的双链cDNA克隆到腺病毒表达载体pAdTrack-CMV上，经PmeI线性化后与pAdEasy-1细胞内同源重组，最后在HEK293细胞中包装为重组腺病毒，分别命名为Ad-si-FOXO1-1、Ad-si-FOXO1-2、Ad-si-FOXO1-3、Ad-si-FOXO-pan和Ad-NC。

A:Group1,widely opened by 20 μg·kg-1 of AD;B:Group 2,moderately opened by 10μg·kg-1 of AD;:Group 3,Slightly opened by 5μg·kg-1 of AD;D:Group 4,except a non-BBB area,pineal body,BBB was not opened in adjacent brain area by 3μg·kg-1 of AD.

a：第一组，AD 20 μg·kg-1引起的广泛开放；B：第二组，AD10 μg·kg-1引起的中度开放；C：AD 5 μg·kg-1引起的轻度开放；D：除缺乏BBB的松果体之外，AD3 μg·kg-1未引起其它脑区的BBB开放

It was found by means of protein fluorescence detection that the number of MAP-2 masculine neurone in the hippocamp of AD rat in model group and zinc reinforce post-AD group decreased distinctly. There was not distinct difference in the MAP-2 expression and the number of MAP-2 masculine neurone between normal group and zinc reinforce pro-AD group.

模型组和AD后补锌组大鼠海马区MAP-2蛋白表达与正常组大鼠相比显著下降，MAP-2蛋白荧光检测发现模型组和AD后补锌组大鼠海马区MAP-2阳性神经元数量明显减少，AD前补锌组大鼠海马区MAP-2蛋白表达和MAP-2阳性神经元数量与正常组相比差异无显著性。

In the experimental study section, the rats were divided into four groups, including the normal control, the model, the Piracetam, the QPC, and copied to AD model. After the treatment, we observed the effects on the AD rats' ability of leaning and memorizing, detecting the TChE activity in whole blood and the expression levels of the related biochemical indicators of As includeing GFAP、NGF and BDNF of the AD rats' brain hippocampus, then compared the QPC with other groups to reveal the mechanism of action of the QPC treating AD to bright.

在动物实验部分，我们通过塑造AD动物模型，设立正常对照组、模型组、脑复康组和强脾益智胶囊组，观察强脾益智胶囊对AD模型大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响，检测AD大鼠全血、海马匀浆液中乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和通过免疫组化的方法检测胶质纤维酸性蛋白、神经生长因子、和脑源性神经营养因子的表达情况来反映星形胶质细胞的增值情况，以期揭示强脾益智胶囊对AD的治疗作用机理。

Methods: 24 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group, AD model group, AD model+fibroblasts transplantation groups, AD model+NT4-fibroblasts transplantation group. AD models were made by transecting bilateral fimbria-fornix.

24只雌性SD大鼠随机分为4组：假手术组、AD模型组、AD模型+成纤维细胞移植组和AD模型+NT-4-成纤维细胞移植组。

Objective: This study investigated olfactory function disorder in Canadian potential AD patients through measuring the detection threshold and recognition threshold, of the potential AD patients and the matched controls by Five Odorants Test; and evaluated whether the senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads , which were the typical pathological changes of AD, presented in the olfactory mucosa of potential AD patients.

老年性痴呆中有75%为阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease， AD)，AD 是一种神经细胞退行性疾病，原因不明，临床以进行性记忆丧失和后天获得的知识丧失，病程逐渐发展直至完全丧失生活能力为特征。其病因是多原性的。尽管AD 的描述已达90 年之久，但要在早期检出此病仍是一个难题，所以，改进其临床诊断程序、途径非常重要。当今广泛用于AD 诊断的诸多标准中均未明确提及嗅觉的改变，然而众多国外文献资料表明，几乎所有的AD 患者发病早期甚至在临床前期即表现嗅觉识别阈的改变，可见对此深入研究有助于AD 患者的早发现、早诊断。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。