查询词典 acid-base

ABSTRACT In the process of rare earth production, large amount of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and ammonia are consumed, However, there are large amount of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or ammoniacal nitrogen in solutions or discharged waste water which need to be treated.

稀土冶炼过程中，一方面大量使用硫酸、盐酸及氨等化工原料，另一方面，在生产过程的某些中间环节或排放的废水当中，又含有大量的硫酸、盐酸或氨氮化合物需要处理。

Results: The changes following hydrocortisone intervention of rats could be identified by PCA, and the kidney deficiency syndrome rats entered a state of "hyperfunction", involving a series of changes in metabolic pathway and metabolic network. The response integral area of lactic acid (δ 1.37) increased, indicating the accumulation of metabolites of lactic acid. The amount of dimethylamine (δ 2.72) also increased, indicating that the disorder of kidney function was related to kidney-deficiency syndrome. The response of creatinine (δ 3.87), asparaginic acid (δ 2.83), taurine (δ 3.44, 3.28), and hippurate (δ 7.84, 7.56, 7.64, 3.97) all decreased significantly, indicating that the hydrocortisone might cause adrenal cortex excretion injury. The response integral area of succinate (δ 2.41) and citric acid (δ 2.53, 2.68) decreased, which was usually caused by disorder of the mitochondrial function.

结果：PCA方法处理肾虚证和空白对照大鼠尿液数据显示，两组大鼠的数据可以在得分图实现分类，与对照组比较肾虚组大鼠由于氢化可的松诱导，大鼠机体进入一个过消耗后衰弱的状态，相关代谢发生显著变化，乳酸(δ 1.37)代谢发生堆积；二甲胺(δ 2.72)的含量增加，提示肾虚与肾功能异常是密切相关的；天冬氨酸(δ 2.83)，牛磺酸(δ 3.44， 3.25)，马尿酸(δ 7.84， 7.56， 7.64， 3.97)，肌氨酸(δ 3.87)等的相对积分面积明显下降，这预示糖皮质激素可能引起了肾上腺皮质分泌功能的损害；琥珀酸(δ 2.41)和柠檬酸(δ 2.53， 2.68)是三羧酸循环能量代谢及糖酵解的中间产物，其含量的降低，通常是由于线粒体功能紊乱所引起。

In this thesis,the AM1,MNDO,MINDO/3(mainly AM1)and INDO/S-CI semiempirical MO methods were used toinvestigate the excited-state intramolecular protontransfer reactions of salicylic acid derivatives—salicylic acid,methyl salicylate,salicylaldehyde,o-hydroxyaceto-phenone,salicylamide and 3-hydroxy-picolinamide (6 conformers and 2-3 anion species);2-(2'-hydroxy-5' methylphenyl) benzotriazole(4 conformers),2-(2' hydroxyphenyl) benzimidazole (3 conformers and 3anion species),Bis-2,5-(2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone(3 conformers),2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole(2conformers) and 7-azaindole dimer (2 conformers).Theinvestigations were described as follows.Geometry optimization,relative stability andhydrogen bonding energy First,for sylicylic acid derivative molecules,the AM1,MNDO and MINDO/3 methods were used toinvestigate ground-state geometry optimization,energies,relative stabilities and hydrogen-bondingenergies on the five kinds of the molecules(designing 6 conformers and 2-3 anion species).Comparing with experimental data,the optimizedgeometry,the order of stability,the hydrogen-bonding energies and the distances between O-O in O-H..O hydrogen bonds by AM1 method were in agreementwith the experimental data,however,the C-C bondlengths optimized by MNDO and MINDO/3 were longer,C-O and O-H bond lengths were shorter;for C-N bondlengths,the results opitimized by MNDO method werethe same as those by AM1 method,nevertheless the C-Nbond lengths given by MINDO/3 method were muchshorter.For some sylicylic acid derivatives(e.g.methyl salicylate,salicylamide),the order ofstabilities on the conformers given by MNDO andMINDO/3 methods were not in agreement with theexisting conformers deduced by experimental methods,and the hydrogen bonding energies calculated by MNDO.and MINDO/3 methods were smaller.Second,the studyon the other systems found that the optimizedgeometry of the proton-transfered product with INDOmethod could not be obtained,only could theoptimized geometry of reactant be obtained,and thecalculated hydrogen bonding energies were greater.Many results of calculation indicated that the studyon the excited-state intramolecular proton transferreaction system using AM1 method was suitable andreliable.

本论文用AM1、MNDO、MINDO/3（主要是AM1）和INDO/S-CI半经验分子轨道方法对水杨酸衍生物系列——水杨酸、水杨酸甲酯、水杨醛、O-羟基乙酰苯酮、水杨酰胺和3-羟基吡啶酰胺（6种异构体和2-3种阴离子）；2-（2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基）苯并三〓唑（4种异构体）；2-（2'-羟基苯基）苯并咪唑（3种异构体和3种阴离子）；2，5-二间氮杂氧茚氢醌（3种异构体）；2-（2'-羟基苯基）间〓杂硫茚（2种异构体）和7-〓吲哚二体（2种异构体）的激发态分子内质子转移反应在以下几个方面进行了较系统的理论研究：几何构型优化和相对稳定性及氢键能首先以水杨酸衍生物系列分子为例，用AM1、MNDO和MINDO/3方法考察了5种分子（每种分子设计6种异构体和2-3种阴离子）的基态几何构型优化，能量、相对稳定性和氢键能计算，通过和实验数据进行比较，AM1方法给出的优化几何构型、稳定性次序、氢键能和O—H。。。O氢键的0—0距离与实验数据吻合最好，MNDO和MINDO/3方法优化的C-C键长偏长，C-O键和O-H键长偏短；对于C-N键长，MNDO和AM1优化结果差别不大，而MINDO/3给出了过短的C-N键长，MNDO和MINDO/3方法给出的有些水杨酸衍生物分子（如水杨酸甲酯和水杨酰胺）异构体的稳定性次序和实验上推测的可存在异构体结果不一致，MNDO和MINDO/3方法给出的氢键能偏低，对其他体系的研究发现INDO方法常常不能得到质子转移产物的优化几何构型，只能得到反应物的优化构型，并且估算的氢键能偏高，大量的计算结果表明AM1方法对本论文研究的激发态分子内质子转移反应体系是适宜和可靠的。

Using levulinic acid and phenol as raw materials, hydrochloric acid as catalyst and thioglycolic acid as assistant catalyst, the synthesis technology of diphenolic acid, a new polymer material substitution for biphenol A, was investigated.

研究了以苯酚和新型平台化合物乙酰丙酸为原料，采用盐酸为催化剂、巯基乙酸为助催化剂催化合成高分子材料单体双酚酸的合成工艺。

Water,caprylic/capric triglyceride,mineral oil,butylene glycol,stearic acid,acetylated lanolin,glycerin,ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate,dimethicone,polyisoprene,triethanolamine,cyclopentasiloxane,butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane,titanium dioxide,persea gratissima oil unsaponifiables,sodium DNA,borago officinalis seed oil,oenothera biennis oil,simmondsia chinensisseed oil,hydrolyzed RNA,tocopheryl acetate,urea,hydrolyzed extensin,retinyl palmitate,sodium hyaluronate,helianthus annuusseed oil,tocopherol,ascorbyl palmitate,ascorbic acid,lanolin alcohol,c12-20 acid peg-8 ester,cyclotetrasiloxane,glyceryl stearate,dimethiconol,ceteareth-20,carbomer,magnesium aluminum silicate,propylene glycol,peg-8,silica,BHT,citric acid,phenoxyethanol,methylparaben,butylparaben,ethylparaben,isobutylparaben,propylparaben,chlorhexidine digluconate

水，辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油酯，矿物油，丁二醇，硬脂酸，乙醯化羊毛脂，甘油，4-甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己基酯，地美司康，聚异戊烯，三乙醇胺，环戊硅氧烷，丁基甲氧基二苯甲醯基甲烷，二氧化钛，酪梨油，DNA 钠盐，琉璃苣種子植物油，月见草油，荷荷巴籽油，水解RNA，醋酸盐维他命E，尿素，水解伸展蛋白，维他命A酯，透明质酸钠，葵花籽油，维生素E，抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯，维生素C衍生物，羊毛脂醇，C12-20 酸 PEG-8酯，环四硅氧烷，甘油硬脂酸，聚二甲基硅氧烷醇，鲸蜡硬脂醇醚-20，卡波姆，硅酸镁铝，丙二醇，聚乙二醇-8，二氧化硅，二丁基羟基甲苯，柠檬酸，苯氧乙醇，羟苯甲酯，羟苯丁酯，羟苯乙酯，羟苯甲酸异丁酯，羟苯丙酯，洗必泰葡萄糖酸盐

In order to fully utilize the by-produced waste acid from the hydrofluoric acid production,which contents 12% effective hydrofluoric acid,the analysis,research and investigation were made on the feasibility of using it to replace the industrial hydrofluoric acid(30%) to produce potassium borofluoride .

为充分利用氢氟酸生产过程中副产废酸中12%的有效氢氟酸，对其代替工业氢氟酸(质量分数30%)生产氟硼酸钾的可行性进行了分析、研究、探讨。

On the condition of using fatty acids of rapeseed oil as raw material,85% acetic acid as solvent, pelargonic acid as recrystalization solvent, this paper prepared azelaic acid and brassylic acid by ozonolysis ,oxidation decomposition ,recrystallization etc.

以蓖麻油酸为原料、85%醋酸水溶液为溶剂，经臭氧化、氧化分解、沸水萃取等过程制备壬二酸的最佳反应条件为：m：m(85%醋酸)=1：4，臭氧化温度20-25℃；氧化分解温度90-95℃，催化剂醋酸锰/醋酸铜用量为原料蓖麻油酸质量的0.09%，氧化分解4h，壬二酸的收率为62.5%。

In the test 5 treatments of single-sowed alfalfa or smooth brome grass, and their mix-sowing with different ratios of 50%+50%, 60%+40% and 70%+30% were set up to analyze pH, CP, NDF, ADF, acetic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid and total acid of the silage in each treatment and study the effect of alfalfa and smooth brome grass with different mix- sowing ratio on silage quality.

方法］试验设5个处理，即紫花苜蓿单播、无芒雀麦单播、紫花苜蓿＋无芒雀麦以50%+50%、60%+40%和70%+30%比例混播，分析各处理青贮材料的pH值、CP、NDF、ADF、乙酸、丁酸、乳酸和总酸的变化，研究无芒雀麦与紫花苜蓿不同比例混播对青贮品质的影响。

The apparent quantum efficiency of SO〓〓/TiO〓 was 10 times of that of TiO〓 catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of bromomethane. Therefore, the SO〓〓/TiO〓 superacid catalyst is promising for practical application in environmental remediation.It was found that both L and B acid sites exist on SO〓〓/TiO〓 photocatalyst while only L acid sites on TiO〓 photocatalyst. On the basis of experimental results, the synergistic model of superacidic centers was proposed for SO〓〓/TiO〓 photocatalyst to explain the photocatalytic behavior and the mechanism of superacidifing effects, assuming that the adjacent L and B acid sites induced by SO〓〓 comprise cooperatively the superacidic center on superacid photocatalyst. The group cooperation of the superacidic center could strengthen the surface acidity, increase surface acid sites and the adsorbtion of O〓, promote separation of photogenerated electron-hole pair, enhance the interfacial transfer of charges and reversibility of water adsorption. Consequently the excellent photocatalytic activity, reaction stability and resistibility to humidity of SO〓〓/TiO〓 superacid photocatalyst may attributed to the group cooperated effect of the superacidic center on the photocatalyst.

研究结果表明：SO〓〓与TiO〓表面的结合为螯合式双配位结构；TiO〓光催化剂表面经H〓SO〓浸渍处理后，提高了表面酸性，改善了催化剂结构和光催化性能，当H〓SO〓浸渍浓度为1.0mol.L〓、烧结温度为450℃时，可制得SO〓〓/TiO〓超强酸催化剂(H〓＜-12.14)，其结构和光催化活性得到明显改善，与TiO〓相比，SO〓〓/TiO〓光催化剂的锐钛矿含量高、晶粒小、BET比表面积大、孔径分布集中、光谱吸收边蓝移，具有优异的光催化氧化活性、稳定性及抗湿性能，光催化降解溴代甲烷的表观量子效率比TiO〓催化剂提高了一个数量级，是一种有实际应用前景的高效光催化剂；由此提出了SO〓〓/TiO〓超强酸催化剂表面集团协同作用的超强酸中心模型，认为在SO〓〓/TiO〓超强酸催化剂表面，由SO〓〓诱导的相邻L酸中心和B酸中心组成了集团协同作用的超强酸中心，其集团协同作用显著地增强了催化剂表面酸性、增大了表面酸量及O〓吸附量、促进了光生电子和空穴的分离及界面电荷转移，具有可逆吸附水的性能，是SO〓〓/TiO〓超强酸催化剂具有优异的光催化氧化活性、很好的活性稳定性及抗湿性能的重要原因。

Seven colorimetric methods Biuret, Lowry, a modified Lowry technique using bicinchoninic acid, Coomassie brilliant blue G (CBBG dye-binding in phosphoric acid, perchloric acid or hydrochloric acid, and bromophenol blue dye-binding were evaluated for determination of protein concentration in human whole saliva.

本实验以七种定量蛋白质之方法（Biuret法，Lowry法，BCA法，CBBG染料结合法、BPB染料结合法），利用三种参考蛋白质评估测定人类唾液蛋白质浓度之差异性。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了