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Melia azedarach seed oil ; free fatty acid ; solvent extraction ; acid value ; biodiesel

苦楝籽油；游离脂肪酸；溶剂萃取；酸值；生物柴油

The results indicated that the extraction ratio and properties of oil from silver carp, such as iodic value, acid value, peroxide value and soapstock content are significantly affected by extraction conditions.

结果表明，提取条件对鱼油的提取率、碘价、酸价、过氧化值和含皂量具有重要影响，适宜的制备工艺为脂肪糜于pH9.0的氢氧化钠溶液(1：1，W/V)中45℃水解5min，然后于1.0%氯化钠溶液中80℃盐析5min。

Studies on stability indicated that PHGF proliposomes should be stored at low temperature and against light, which ensured unchange of their redispersity, content of drug, encapsulation efficiency, acid value and peroxide value. Liposomes were multilamellar vesicle structure under transmission electron microscopy. Average particle size was 0.65 micrometer, ranging from 0.09 micrometer to 1.21 micrometer. Cryoscopic value was 0.64 C determined by cryoscopic method, which was a little higher than that of isotonic solution.

以透射电镜观测PHGF前体脂质体再分散后的形态为囊泡状；激光散射法测得平均粒径为0.65μm，且粒度分布在0.09μm～1.21μm之间；该脂质体荷负电，ζ电位为-44.23mV；冰点降低法测得冰点降低度数为0.64℃，略高于等渗溶液冰点降低度数；测得粘度为1.83mPa·s，达到生理要求；此外，对PHGF脂质体的刺激性、溶血性、热原、异常毒性和过敏沈阳药科大学硕士学位论文拘要性检查表明均符合静脉注射给药的标准。

The oil yield was 28.35% under the optimal conditions. The characters of the oil were: refractive index 1.4681, acid value 9.65 mgKOH/g, iodine value 66.74 g/100 g, peroxide value 14.56 mmol/kg, unsaponifiable matters 1.93%, moisture and volatile matters 0.28%.

最佳条件下超临界CO2萃取的五叶瓜藤种子油的收率为28.35%；油的理化指标为：折光率1.4681、酸值 9.65 mg/g、碘值 66.74/100g、过氧化值14.56 mmol/kg、不皂化物1.93%、水分及挥发物0.28%。

The structure of synthesized epoxidized cottonseed oil was characterized by means of' 1H NMR and FT-IR. Epoxy value,iodine value,acid value,and color of the product were determined by Chinese national standards.

通过核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱及黏度测定方法对产物的结构进行了表征，并采用国标法对产物的环氧值、碘值、酸值和色泽进行了测定。

Results show that palm oil and lard possess greater thermal stability than soybean oil, peroxide value, acid value and carbonyl value all show good correlation with frying time.

结果显示，与大豆色拉油相比，棕榈油和猪油有更高的煎炸稳定性；3种油的酸值、过氧化值、羰基值与煎炸时间存在着显著的相关性。

Oils used in the saponification value, acid value, iodine value and cold spots.

油脂测定常用皂化值、酸值、碘值和冻点。

Result and Conclusion: The yolk oils processed by daking and dry distillation are almost similar in the contents of fatty oils, type of fatty acids, acid value, iodine value, saponification value, relative density and refractive index, while obvious differences were found in the products processed by chloroform extraction.

结果 ：烘法和干馏法炮制的蛋黄油中脂肪油含量，所含脂肪酸的种类、含量以及酸值、碘值、皂化值、相对密度、折光率相近，氯仿提取法制备品则差异较大。结论：烘法和干馏法制备的蛋黄油中脂肪油部分没有明显区别，二者与直接用氯仿提取的蛋黄脂肪油相比则有较大差异。

Color and luster, outside hardness, fracture, acid value, saponification value, iodine value, benzene insoluble, white to light yellow, smooth and shining on surface, without obvious impurity, being hard and crispy, fracture being horse tooth structure with luster.

色泽与外观硬度、断面酸值皂化值碘值苯不溶物白色至微黄，表面光滑有光泽，无明显杂质，质硬而脆，断面呈马牙状有光泽。

Color and luster, outside hardness, fracture, acid value, saponification value, iodine value, benzene insoluble, white to light yellow, smooth and shining on surface, without obvious impurity, being hard and crispy , fracture being horse tooth structure wi

色泽与外观硬度、断面酸值皂化值碘值苯不溶物白色至微黄，表面光滑有光泽，无明显杂质，质硬而脆，断面呈马牙状有光泽。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。