查询词典 acid radical

This paper reviews the preparation and characterization of polymers containing cholic acid obtained by free radical polymerization, polymers modified with cholic acid and polycondensation of cholic acid, etc. The development of polymers containing cholic acid in the future is also forecasted. Contents

本文从自由基聚合形成的含胆酸高分子化合物、胆酸修饰的高分子化合物和胆酸聚合物等几个方面综述了含胆酸高分子化合物的制备和特性，并对胆酸在高分子材料方面的新用途作了展望。

By using the superoxide radical system, hydroxyl radical system, H2O2 radical system, oxidation system of linolic acid induced by alkane radical and system of DPPH, the antioxidation activities of mulberry red pigment were studied and compared with VC.

采用超氧阴离子自由基体系、羟基自由基体系、过氧化氢自由基体系、烷基自由基引发的亚油酸氧化体系及DPPH自由基体系对桑椹红色素的清除自由基活性进行了研究，并同VC进行了比较。

Goal compound synthesis namely: Take the vanillic acid as outset raw material, obtains 4- hydroxyl - 3- anisole methyl formate with the methyl alcohol reflux conditions, then after the etherification, the nitration, the return to original state, the ring closure response obtains 6- methoxy - 7- animal pen oxygen radical kui zuo lin - 4- alkone, then passes through the chlorination, the substitution aniline, to escape responses again and so on animal pen oxygen radical, etherification to obtain the goal compound; The goal compound and the diethylamine had the amine substitution reaction to obtain TM1, namely 4- benzene amino - 6- methoxy - 7- [2- hydroxyl - 3-(N, N- two ethyl aminos) third oxygen radical] kui zuo lin; Through zuo has the etherification with the Austria niter to respond obtains TM2, namely 4- benzene amino - 6- methoxy - 7- [2- hydroxyl - 3-(2- methyl - 5- nitryl imidazole) third oxygen radical] kui zuo lin.

目标化合物的合成即：以香草酸为起始原料，与甲醇回流条件下得到4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯，然后经过醚化、硝化、还原、环合反应得到6-甲氧基-7-苄氧基喹唑啉-4-酮，然后再经氯化、取代苯胺、脱苄氧基、醚化等反应得到目标化合物；目标化合物与二乙胺发生胺取代反应得到了TM1，即4-苯氨基-6-甲氧基-7-[2-羟基-3-丙氧基]喹唑啉；通过与奥硝唑发生醚化反应得到TM2，即4-苯氨基-6-甲氧基-7-[2-羟基-3-(2-甲基-5-硝基咪唑)丙氧基]喹唑啉。

The results show that myristic acid radical anion of precursor Zn0.78 Al0.2220.22c13h27COO0.81H2O can be almost completely replaced by complex anion [La(TiW11 O39)2]^3- under special controlled reaction conditions.

结果表明，该产物中[La(TiW11O39)2](上标 13-)配阴离子沿其长轴垂直于层板的方向分布于水滑石层板间，产物有规整的层状结构、大的层间距(d003=3.29nm)、良好的结晶度和热稳定性，产物对二甘醇与苯甲酸的酯化反应、二甘醇的脱水环化反应和苯甲醛的氧化反应具有良好的催化性能。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

The main intermediates were detected during decomposition,such as acetic acid,oxalic acid,malonic acid,phenol,3-hydroxyhypnone,naphthalene,benzene sulfonic acid,phthalic acid,β-naphthalene etc . by ultraviolet-visiblespectroscopy,ion chromatographand gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrophotometertechniques.The possible degradation pathway of Acid Orange Ⅱ was also speculated,that was,hydroxyl radical reacted with the azo linkage-bearing carbon of naphthol-ring,and the C—N cleaved,the azo-dye decolored and mineralized.

运用紫外光谱、离子色谱、色谱-质谱联用等方法，测定出酸性橙Ⅱ的主要降解产物有乙酸、乙二酸、丙二酸、苯酚、3-羟基苯乙酮、萘、苯磺酸、邻苯二甲酸、β-萘酚等，并依此推测酸性橙Ⅱ的降解机理，即羟基自由基攻击酸性橙Ⅱ分子上与萘环相连的C—N键，导致C—N键的断裂，进而染料脱色矿化。

A novel method combining a conventional free-radical solution polymerization with a chemical saponification was used to synthesize a, cu-dicarboxyl terminated oligo s with molecular weight below 1500. Here, cn-carboxyl terminated oligo s were firstly synthesized by the free-radical polymerization in THF, where 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) was used as initiator, thioglycolic acid as chain transfer agent, then CTBMA were transformed into di-CTBMA via saponifying CTBMA in dioxane/H_2O/KOH solution.

利用传统自由基聚合法，在四氢呋喃溶液中自由基引发聚合甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体而得到w-羧基-甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物(分子量在1500左右)；利用CTBMA 末端酯基的反应特性，在二氧六环／水／KOH混合溶液中皂化CTBMA，使之转化为a ，w-羧基甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物；研究了溶剂的类别、反应时间等反应条件对皂化产物结构的影响；利用MALDI-TOF-MS及LSIMS对皂化各阶段产物进行了分析监测。

The present invention adopts ammonium salt solution as leach, and adopts the liquid-phase oxidation activating agent formed from surfactant sodium ligno-sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfonate, liquir phase oxidation catalyst Cu(2+) and sulfur-extracting agent tetrachloroethylene to implement quick leaching process of sulkfide mineral in gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, all the sulfurs contained sulfide in mineral powder can be converted into elementary sulfur and sulfuric acid radical, the contained zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, lead, cadmium and silver can be changed into soluble salt, and fed into leach or remained in the leaching out slag.

本发明涉及的有色金属硫化矿的铵盐液相氧化直接浸出方法，其特征在于：采用铵盐溶液作浸出剂，采用由表面活化剂木质磺酸钠或十二烷基磺酸钠，液相氧化催化剂Cu2+、萃硫剂四氯乙烯组成的液相氧化活化剂，在气液固三相反应器内，实现硫化矿的快速浸出过程，矿粉中各种硫化物所含的硫转变为单质硫和硫酸根，所含的锌、铜、镍、钴、铅、镉、银等变成可溶性盐类进入浸出液中或留在浸出渣中，消除传统流程中二氧化硫，硫化氢，氮氧化物及含砷含汞含铅等有毒烟气的排放。

The paper studied the scavenging active oxygen radicals of brown pigment from chestnut shell. The results showed that the brown pigment had scavenging effects on hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and aliphatic radicals on lipid-peroxidation. In the range of test concentration, the maximum scavenging or inhibition rate of the brown pigment to hydroxyl radical generated by Fenton reaction, superoxide anion radical generated by illuminating riboflavin system and linoleic acid auto-oxidation was 83.0%, 82.1% and 88.5% respectively.

从清除羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基、抗脂质过氧化以及还原能力等方面对板栗壳棕色素的抗活性氧自由基进行了试验研究和评价，结果表明：板栗壳棕色素对Fenton反应产生的羟基自由基和光照核黄素产生的超氧阴离子自由基均具有较强清除作用，对脂质过氧化过程中产生的脂自由基和脂过氧化自由基有明显的抑制作用，且在试验浓度范围内，其最大清除率或抑制率分别可达到83.0%、82.1%和88.5%。

Alkyl gallates can also low the extent of lipid peroxidation. To investigate the effects of PG and AG on livers that were injured by tetrachloride, we treamed small mice and fed them with different medicines, The conclusion is that AG and PG could scavenge free radical and protect mice livers from injuring by tetrachloride, AG was more effective than PG. 4. 3 The results of experiment for scavenging free radical of alkyl gallate in vitro showed that alkyl gallates can effectively scavenging free radical, but the parent gallic acid showed little effect. This suggested that introducing of hydrophobic group could significantly improve the anti-oxidative ability of gallic acid derivatives at large extent.

在体内没食子酸烷基酯的抗氧化效果大小顺序为：AG＞PG 4.3 体外清除自由基试验表明：没食子酸烷基酯可有效清除自由基，其能力远远大于母体没食子酸，说明引入脂肪链可相当程度上提高没食子酸衍生物的抗氧化能力。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。