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Taking the scientific verified method, argumentation explicative method, Marxism materialist dialectics and intuitive method of experience as the main frame, beginning with the stereoscopic vision of fusion and creation, this paper makes a macroscopic and systematic research on the academic methodology during Minguo period according to the internal line of reasoning of society change, academic debug and method creation.

本文尝试以科学实证方法、义理阐释方法、马克思主义唯物辩证方法、直觉体悟方法为主体框架，从融合与创新的立体视眼切入，按照社会转型、学术调适、方法创新的内在理路，对民国时期的学术方法论作一宏观、系统的研究，以此来凸现民国时期学术方法论的整体面貌和价值，并从历史和逻辑的层面揭示人类文化在不断接触中融合、在不断融合中创新、在不断创新中发展的客观规律。

To follow the regulations for academic writing and to follow the scientific research process for academic study are respectively the outward expressivity and the inner productivity of a scholar.

论文写作的规范化与研究过程的科学化是互为表里、既有联系又有区别的两个范畴。

Shaw's visit to China in 1933 drew much attention of the press circle and the academic circle. However, the points at issue about Bernard Shaw focused on his Fabianism thought and his special ""creative evolution"" and ignored his plays. It seemed that he was a political critic instead of a dramatist.Around about 1956, controlled briefly by social ideology, the research on Bernard Shaw presented a scene of prosperity. But actually it didn't make much academic advancement.

在1933年萧伯纳访问中国前后，新闻界与学术界掀起了介绍和研究萧伯纳的热潮，这一时期学界争论的焦点集中在萧伯纳带有社会主义倾向的思想及其独特的"创造进化论"，而对于其剧作则多是泛泛而谈，缺乏深入地探讨。1956年前后，由于意识形态因素的介入，萧伯纳研究领域表面上呈现出一幅欣欣向荣的景象，但实际上并没有多大的学术进展。

If there is no improvement on university's imbalance in academic ecology,it will exacerbate the flippancy environment of academic research,and thereby affect the function of the university,and eventually block the implementation of the strategy of strengthening our country through science and education.

同时分析了它们的影响及其危害：大学学术生态失衡如不加以治理将会加剧学术研究的浮躁风气，从而影响大学社会功能的发挥，最终会阻滞我们科教兴国战略的实施。

This paper covers the following items of the crime of corruption: the definiens of corruption crime and the legislative evolution, the subject of corruption, the joint offender, conviction and its limits, legal sentence of corruption crime and legislative suggestions. Meanwhile, some focal points of the academic circle concerning the crime of corruption is interpreted, such as the definiens of corruption crime, conviction of the accomplice, means of calculating criminal amounts. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the different, academic points of view. It is there fore necessary to redefine the crime, the act of corruption in a narrow and in broad sense. The author proposes that the criminal liability of the accomplice should be investigated under the principle of joint taking the liability, while distinguishing their respective degrees of taking the liability so as to determine their criminal liability deserving of taking. Corruption crime's legal sentence breaks the three basic principles of the Criminal Law of PRC in nature, i. e. principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime; principle of suiting responsibility, punishment to crime; principle of equality before the law.

文章论及的内容包括：贪污罪的概念和立法演变，贪污罪的主体认定，贪污罪中的共同犯罪认定，贪污罪与相关犯罪的界限，贪污罪的刑法适用及立法完善；同时文章也对现在学术界争论的焦点问题，如贪污罪的概念、贪污罪共犯认定、贪污罪中各共同犯罪人的犯罪数额的计算，进行了不同学术观点的比较，分析了各种观点的利弊，对于贪污罪的概念重新予以认识，归纳了狭义贪污罪和广义贪污罪；提出在追究共同犯罪人的刑事责任时，应坚持共同负责的原则，同时区分各共同犯罪人在共同犯罪中所起作用的大小，以确定他们应承担的刑事责任；分析了刑法典中贪污罪法定刑设置存在的不足，认为贪污罪法定刑的设置从根本上违反了刑法三大基本原则，即罪行法定原则，罪责刑相适应原则以及刑法面前人人平等的原则，而且贪污罪法定刑的设置还存在其他一些问题，如附加刑包括罚金刑和没收财产刑等设置不当。

Said to be based on the Milton-man Stanley Fish,an identification that Fish apparently has never disavowed but instead glories in,Morris Zapp is the freebooter to a high power turned loose in academic settings: always attempting to strengthen his own position,usually delighted to be of disservice to the old ideal of academic dignity and integrity.

据说他的原型是研究弥尔顿的斯坦利·菲希(Milton—man Stanley Fish)，菲希从来没有否认过，相反一直为这个身份引以自豪：莫里斯·哉普是在根基松动的学界大厦中的劫掠者：一直试图巩固自己的地位，一直以损害从前的学界尊严和正直为乐。

Zhong Hua told the journalist that he was very regretful and hopeless to see the academic discussion being eroded to such an extent. He said: If we give the devil his due, I have to say his academic insight is still valuable in some sense.

钟华告诉记者，学术讨论闹到今天这种局面自己非常遗憾和无奈，平心而论他谈到学术内的问题，有些还是有一定参考价值的。

But this may have less to do with the luring call of academic surroundings than with changing market conditions - a factor that academic critics rarely take into account.

但是这使得学术环境比改变市场情况的诱惑越来越少，这一因素评论家们几乎都不考虑。

Narrowly academic examinations are heavily weighed in favor of children who have studied in highly-academic primary schools.

狭隘地只强调知识掌握的考试往往对那些在非常强调学习的学校中学习过的学生有利。

Will not have any so-called academic impostor who used to deceive the people of profound academic ...

不会有任何所谓的学术骗子们常用来欺骗人民的深奥的学术。。。

But this is impossible, as long as it is engaging in a market economy, there are risks in any operation.

但是，这是不可能的，只要是搞市场经济，是有风险的任何行动。

We're on the same wavelength.

我们是同道中人。