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The results were as flowers:(1) many mathematics-majors students have low degree of professional commitment and learning self-efficacy,and serious disability of learning adaptation,apparently in environment-factor and learning-movivation;(2) there were signifiant different on learning adaptation,learning self-efficacy and academic achievement between male and female;(3)learning adaptation,professional commitment and learning self-efficacy of mathematics-majors students could serve as a predicator of their academic achievement.

为了使数学专业大学生能够较好地掌握数学专业课程的基础知识并培养学生的基本能力，提高专业成绩，首先要了解影响数学专业大学生数学学业成绩的诸多因素，并以此为依据，有的放矢地进行教育教学。许多研究表明，影响学生学业成绩的个体因素，一般分为智力和非智力两大因素。笔者认为，在影响大学生数学学业成绩的非智力因素中，学习适应性、专业承诺和学习自我效能感是主要因素。

But after 1960s, with the proletarianization of the western academic profession s economic -societal status, union organization was gradually used by academic profession as an important tool to protect its own rights and interests.

但1960年之后，随着西方学术专业经济-社会地位的"无产阶级化"，工会逐渐成为学术专业维护自身权益的重要斗争工具。

These have Promethean academic point of view, to raising academic level of the cadre, the mistake in correcting real work had major effect, the socialism that is exploration him China built road to extend new thinking, also added new content for Marxism theory.

这些具有独创性的理论观点，对提高干部的理论水平，纠正实际工作中的错误起了重大作用，为探索中国自己的社会主义建设道路拓展了新的思路，也为马克思主义理论增添了新的内容。

Over the past decade, scholars in academic fields worked to explore KANG's works in the literature-oriented way instead of the dogma theory of the Soviet Union, and gained extraordinary achievements in positioning KANG's prose status in literature, in estimating aesthetic value of his poetry, in academic contention on three "Legendary Books", and in its effect on the construction and development of modern literary aesthetics theory, but question of simplicity and absoluteness still exist in analysis of the specific text.

近十年来，学术界在探讨康有为学术著作的过程中，打破了苏联的教条理论，回归文学本位，树立以作品为中心的研究格局。在康有为的散文文学定位、诗歌创作的审美价值、关于三大"奇书"的学术争鸣和对近代文艺美学理论的构建和拓展等方面，都取得了不凡的成果，但对具体文本的分析依然存在简单化和绝对化的问题。

Derek Bok,the former president of Harvard University,was against both conservatism and radicalness about university to inspire academic freedom again,brought forward academic neutrality to take on social responsibility and government s serving to university.

在市场经济的冲击中，美国哈佛大学前任校长博克重振学术自由的精神，力主学术中立的发展，有效地超越了大学保守主义与激进主义的行为偏颇，提出了勇于承担社会责任的大学学术理念，进而提出市场经济原则下的政府与大学关系的服务观，这对于正进行市场经济改革国家的高等教育发展，具有重要的启发意义。

Below changed theory and real environment, stand in the height of the times, academic to labor value reappraise provides academic content to have real sense again already.

在变化了的理论与现实环境下，站在时代的高度，对劳动价值理论的重新评估既具理论意义又具现实意义。

Notes and references are an important part of academic works and are essential in achieving academic regularization as well.

注释与参考文献是学术论著的重要组成部分，也是学术规范的有机组成部分。

Theoretical innovation is inherent in the nature of academic research and requisite to academic progress.

理论创新是学术研究的本质属性和学术发展的必然要求。

The first step was to investigate the academic background of translators who had published the popular science translations in psychiatry. The second was to discovered translation errors which may contribute to the inconsistent terminology translation, attempting to find the relation between each type of translation error and academic background of translators. The third step was to retranslate the inconsistent terminology related to suicide under the framework integrating the psychiatry expertise and the reader-centered translation theory.

本研究具体进行的程序分三个步骤，第一是了解近年来从事精神医学科普书译著的译者学术背景，第二是归纳精神医学科普书译著各种形式的医学专有名词中出现的翻译失误导致译名不一致的因素及各类译者在翻译时出现的翻译失误类型，第三是以整合精神医学专业知识与以读者为中心的翻译理以求译词易解的汉译名词。

The third chapter first deals with Schlesinger\'s political career and his reflection of the role of intellectuals in society and the relation between academic and politics, which promoted Schlesinger to be realistic in academic research, and then study Schlesinger\'s main works in later stage of his career on this basis.

第三章首先考察了小施莱辛格的从政生涯以及他对知识分子的社会作用、学术与政治关系等问题的思考与认识过程，指出对这些问题的思考促使小施莱辛格在学术取向上更为贴近社会现实，在此基础上分析解读了小施莱辛格学术生涯后期的主要成就。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。