查询词典 absolute convergence

The conclusion is that there is noσconvergence, but existsβabsolute convergence in Jiangsu regional financial development. Meanwhile there also presents"club convergence"at some extent.

文章同时还利用σ、β以及"俱乐部"检验等方法，对江苏区域金融发展差异的收敛性进行了多指标、多角度的检验。

The results show that absolute convergence does not exist in rural economics among provinces, indicating that the economics growth of undeveloped provinces is not faster than that of developed provinces. However, the economic development in rural China is characterized by the conditional convergence, that is, if the decisive factors stability is insured, the economic growth of undeveloped provinces would be faster than that of developed provinces. Thus, the disparity among them could be narrowed.

结果表明：我国农村省际之间经济并不存在绝对收敛，即落后省份经济的增长并不比发达省份增长快；但是存在条件收敛，即在控制了稳态的决定因素之后，落后地区的经济增长快于发达地区的经济增长，从而使差距缩小；在影响条件收敛的诸因素中，人力资本，产业结构以及科学技术对我国农村经济条件收敛的贡献最大。

Government transfer payment is an important policy instrument to coordinate regional economy. This paper measures and analyzes the convergence test of income during 1995-2004, and analyzes the relationship between transfer payment after tax-sharing system reform in 1994 and regional economic convergence through econometric analysis. It concludes that income has neither absolute convergence nor conditional convergence in the nationwide. The overall transfer payments did not meet the goal of narrowing income gap, especially in the central and western regions.

转移支付是政府协调区域经济的重要政策手段，本文测算和分析1995年－2004年省区收入的收敛检验，并运用计量方法分析了1994年分税制改革以后转移支付与地区经济收敛的关系，得出的结论是：收入的收敛模式在全国范围内没有绝对收敛，也没有条件收敛，转移支付总体上没有达到缩小地区收入差距的效果，并且突出表现在中部和西部地区。

From 1978 to 2000, there was not σ-convergence of the PGDP growth in Jiangsu province; From 1984 to 1993 and since 1999, there was not σ-convergence of the per capital net income of rural households growth, but from 1993 to 1999, there was a -convergence; From 1978 to 2000, there was not absolute β-convergence of the PGDP growth in Jiangsu province, but there was conditional β-convergence and the convergence intensity was feeble, half-lifecycle is comparative long, the least half -time of the undeveloped region will catch up with the developed region was 115 years; From 1994 to 2000, there was club-convergence hi the northern Jiangsu and the Middle Jiangsu, but there was not club-convergence in the northern Jiangsu.

第四，基于经济增长收敛的理论与方法，对江苏省区域经济发展的收敛性进行了研究。1978一2000年，江苏省人均GDP总体上不存在u一收敛；农民人均纯收入增长在1 984一1993年及1999年以后不存在a一收敛、在1993一1999期间存在a一收敛；1978-2 000年，人均GDP增长总体上不存在绝对p一收敛，但存在条件p一收敛，收敛的程度较弱，半生命周期比较长，落后区域要缩小与发达区域经济差异的一半最少也需要115年；1 994一2000年，在经济比较发达的苏南和苏中内部存在俱乐部收敛，在苏北内部不存在俱乐部收敛趋势。

The model of absoluteβconvergence and conditionalβconvergence tellsthat overall regional disparity of energy productivity is becoming narrow gradually, howto consolidate and develop such trend has a long way to go.

绝对β收敛和条件β收敛模型研究表明，中国地区间能源生产率总体差异正在逐步缩小，巩固和发展这一趋势尚任重道远。

The main conclusions of this chapter are the following: There is no absolute regional convergence since 1978, even the period were divided into two stage: 1978-1991 and 1992-2002; There exists absolute convergence among the provinces in eastern region in the period 1978-1991, the phenomena is alike to the central and western regions, so the club convergence is the fact of the regional economic growth in this stage; From 1992 to 2002, instead of the club convergence, there exists conditional convergence, human capital, capital investment, international trade and FDI influenced the regional economic growth rate markedly; The distribution of income across provinces don't transform from a unimodal into a bimodal distribution.

本章的基本结论是：改革开放以来不存在绝对收敛，即使将整个改革时期划分为1978—1991年和1992—2002年两个区间也是如此；1978—1991年期间，东部地区和中西部地区内部各自存在人均GDP和劳均GDP增长的收敛，从而形成了俱乐部收敛；1992年之后，并不存在俱乐部收敛，但存在一定的条件收敛，人力资本、物质资本投资、国际贸易和FDI对劳均GDP增长有着重要的正向影响；收入分布并没有发生由单峰向双峰分布的转变，总体上单峰的态势依然十分明显。

Convergence of the test results shows that the economy does not have absolute convergence of the economic characteristics, but this shows the characteristics of condition convergence; Human capital investment rate in the regional economic model have shown significant positive effects that is a notable convergence of factors of affecting the regional economy. On the three core areas of the club convergence test shows that within the three core areas still exist absolute convergence trend, but including human capital expansion of the Solow model the test results have all shown significant convergence of the regional club.

3收敛性的计量检验结果说明，浙江区域经济不存在绝对收敛的经济特征，但表现出显著的条件收敛性特征；人力资本投资、教育和健康形式的人力资本积累均有利于提高区域经济增长，且对区域经济收敛性具有促进作用，这种效应在浙江区域经济中已表现出显著性效应，是影响区域经济收敛的一个显著因素；对三大核心区的俱乐部收敛性检验说明，三大核心区内部仍不存在绝对收敛趋势，但包括人力资本的扩展Solow模型的检验结果却均表现出显著的地区俱乐部收敛性。

It also applies kernel density estimation method to investigate the accumulative relative productivity and the dynamic evolvement of its distribution. The result shows that there exists no country level absolute convergence of the provincial productivity whether incorporating environmental factors or not. The provincial TFP index is in a divergence trend and the provincial technical efficiency index has a convergence trend when incorporates environmental factors.

无论是否考虑环境因素，代表东、中、西三大区域的虚拟变量均不显著，表明不存在俱乐部收敛；当所考虑的控制变量为基础设施水平、工业化水平、经济开放度、能源强度时，所有的控制变量皆不具有统计显著性，表明不存在条件收敛。

The method of the research in the paper is impellent,and the basal research course is the following.Firstly,the author uses the Theil coefficient and Gini coefficient to analyze the regional economic gap,and decomposes the structure in China.At the same time,the author tests theσconvergence,the absoluteβconvergence,the conditionalβconvergence and the club convergence.Secondly, the author analyzes the forming reason and mechanism of the regional economic gap in China.

本文研究过程中采取逐步深入的推进方法，其基本研究思路是：首先，使用基尼系数和泰勒指数对中国地区经济发展差距的历史演变轨迹进行了分析，并对其形成结构进行了分解，同时对中国经济增长的σ收敛、绝对β收敛、条件β收敛和"俱乐部"收敛进行了检验，以此为基础形成了对中国地区经济发展差距的全面了解；其次，以新古典增长理论和新增长理论为基础对中国地区经济发展差距的形成机制进行了分析；再次，以FDI非均衡分布为视角对中国地区经济发展差距的形成机制进行了解释；最后，提出了本文的政策建议。

It carries out absolute convergence test, club convergence test and conditional convergence test on the provincial productivity incorporating all the three environmental pollutants and incorporating no environmental pollutants respectively.

研究发现，省级TFP指数存在发散趋势，省级技术效率指数表现出了收敛趋势，省级技术进步指数没有表现出收敛趋势。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。