查询词典 aba

The major results of this proposal are as follows:(1) ABA induces a rapid, substantial accumulation of apoplastic H2O2 in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of maize leaves, and the accumulation of apoplastic H2O2 is involved in the induction of the chloroplastic and cytosolic antioxidant enzymes.(2) ABA-induced H2O2 production activates a 46 kDa MAPK, which in turn induces the expression of antioxidant genes and up-regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The activation of MAPK also enhances H2O2 production, forming a positive amplification loop.(3) Water stress also induces the activation of a 46 kDa MAPK, which is dependent on the accumulation of ABA and H2O2 production induced by water stress and involved in the up-regulation of the expression and the activities of antioxidant enzymes.(4) ABA-induced H2O2 production mediates NO generation, which in turn activates a 46 kDa MAPK and results in the up-regulation in the expression and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in ABA signaling. NO-independent signaling is also involved in ABA- and H2O2-induced antioxidant defense.

本项目的主要研究结果如下：（1）ABA诱导的H2O2产生主要出现在叶肉细胞与维管束鞘细胞的质外体中，质外体H2O2的积累能够上调叶绿体与细胞溶质中抗氧化酶的活性；（2）ABA诱导的H2O2产生活化一个46kDa的MAPK，由此而导致编码抗氧化防护酶基因的表达与酶活性的上调；而MAPK的活化也能增强H2O2的产生，从而形成一个正的反馈调节环；（3）水分胁迫也能诱导一46kDa MAPK活化，这一MAPK活化依赖于水分胁迫诱导的ABA积累以及H2O2的产生，同时参与水分胁迫诱导的抗氧化防护基因的表达与抗氧化酶活性的上调；（4）ABA诱导一个依赖于H2O2的NO产生，NO活化一个46kDa的MAPK，从而导致抗氧化防护基因的表达以及抗氧化酶活性的上调；同时一个不依赖于NO的信号转导途径也存在于ABA诱导的抗氧化防护过程中。

This conclusion is based on three groups of experiments with detached root tips of wheat seedlings: By following the time course changes of NO synthase , superoxide synthase and ABA accumulation under dehydration stress, we found that ABA accumulation was preceeded by the changes of NOS and superoxide synthase. ABA accumulation induced by dehydtrion stress and osmotic stress can be blocked by NO scanvegers and NOS inhibitors, while only dehydration stress-induced ABA accumulation can be blocked by ROS scanvegers. Exogenous applied NO or ROS induced ABA accumulation in root tips of wheat seedlings, and synergistic effects were found between NO and NO. The in planta expereiments also proved that ROS and NO are involved in water stress-induced ABA accumulation.Ⅱ.

证据主要来自以离体根尖为材料的实验：(1)通过检测干旱胁迫下小麦根尖NOS活性、O〓合成酶活性和ABA积累的时间变化进程，发现ABA积累滞后于ROS和NO的变化；(2)抑制剂实验表明，NO清除剂和NOS抑制剂可以抑制自然干旱胁迫及渗透胁迫诱导的小麦根尖ABA积累，ROS清除剂抑制自然干旱胁迫诱导的ABA积累而不抑制渗透胁迫诱导的小麦根尖ABA积累；(3)在非胁迫条件下施加外源的ROS或NO可以诱导小麦根尖积累ABA，ROS和NO之间具有协同作用。

The results implied that NO/ROS-induced ABA accumulation come from de novo synthesis pathway rather than degration of conjugated forms. The protein synthesis inhibitor actidone blocked the NO-induced ABA accumulation while having no effects on ROS-induced ABA accumulation, indicating that the action of NO was gene-expression dependent and that of ROS was gene-expression independent. These results suggested that NO may serve as a stress signal in the regulation of ABA-biosynthesis and ROS may serve as substrate in ABA biosynthesis or be involved in the regulation of enzyme activities.

1ABA合成抑制剂fluridone抑制ROS和NO诱导的ABA积累，表明NO／ROS诱导的ABA积累来源于ABA的从新合成而不是已有结合态ABA的代谢；(2)蛋白质合成抑制剂环己亚胺可以抑制NO诱导的ABA积累而对ROS诱导的ABA积累没有影响，说明NO的作用涉及基因表达而ROS的作用与基因表达无关，暗示NO的作用方式可能是作为一种干旱胁迫信号物质参与ABA合成的调节，而ROS则可能参与了相关酶活性的调节或直接参与了ABA合成的底物反应。

The variance of ABA of grape during storage were discussed in this paper.The following results are been drawn:the change of the content of ABA of grapes during storage characterizes by a parabolic shaped curve with obvious peak.Low temperature (0±0.5℃) is conducive to delaying the appearance of the peak of ABA and reduces the peak value.Nine kinds of plant growth regulators and two kinds of chemicals were chosen to treat grape bunches so as to study their mechanisms on ABA of grapes,2,3,5 triiodobenzoic a...

试验研究了葡萄贮期脱落酸的变化，结果表明：葡萄贮期 ABA含量呈抛物线形变化，有明显的高峰出现，低温( 0± 0 。5℃)贮藏具有推迟 ABA峰期和降低峰值的作用，经用 9种植物生长调节剂和 2种化学药品对葡萄果穗处理试验，三碘苯甲酸对 ABA的形成有极强的抑制作用，吲哚- 3-乙酸、赤霉素( GA3)、萘乙酸和 6-苄基氨基嘌呤( 6- BA)对 ABA的形成也具有拮抗作用，矮壮素、比久( B9)、乙烯利和外源脱落酸对 ABA的形成有促进作用。

The thicking of secondary cell wall may be one of the reason of ethanol accumulation. The activities peak value of CAT, PPO and POD were advanced and the activity of AAO gradually increased, the content of total phenol decreased sharply, the production rate of superoxide anion ,the content of MDA and H2O2 in flesh of 'brumal jujube' increased treated with ABA during storage, this showed ABA accelerated the scenescence of fruit, the effects of ABA on 'brumal jujube'fruit was contrary to GA.

点红冬枣贮藏过程中，各有机酸(柠檬酸、t-顺乌头酸、琥珀酸、延胡索酸)含量逐渐下降，苹果酸略有增加，丙酮酸含量逐渐增加，峰值出现后下降，说明丙酮酸的增加与进入三羧酸循环的有机酸流量的降低是导致果实乙醇发酵的机制之一；点红冬枣中蔗糖含量较高，贮藏期间，蔗糖含量下降，葡萄糖和果糖含量增加，气调贮藏可延缓果实蔗糖降解和葡萄糖和果糖含量的增加。

At the formation of floral receptacle and floscule, high levels of ZRs, ABA and low level of GA1 3, IAA were observed . At the forming phase of floral receptacle and floscule, with high ratio of ABA/IAA, ABA/GA1 3, ZRs /GA1 3, ZRs/IAA .

在花托和小花形成阶段，芽内需要较高水平的ZRs、ABA和较低水平的GA_(1 3)、IAA；同时ABA/IAA，ABA/GA_(1 3)，ZRS/GA_(1 3)和ZRs/IAA均有较高比值。

Because of nitrogen, the value of IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、(IAA+GA3+ZR)/ABA in grain promoted at seed filling stage and at the mature stage.6、The adjustment of nitrogen levels on carbon and nitrogen metabolism.Nitrogen reduced the C/N in leaves and stem. When the nitrogen rate was 50 kg/hm2, the effect on stem was obvious. When the nitrogen rate was 100 kg/hm2, the effect on leaves was obvious. The C/N in roots lower before seed filling stage and the effect was not obvious after seed filling stage.7、Effect of nitrogen levels on yield traitsPlant height, pods per plant and full grain number were increased and bottom-pod height and podded node were decreased by applying nitrogen.

施氮在鼓粒期、成熟期均提高了子粒中IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、(IAA+GA3+ZR)/ABA的值。6、氮素水平对大豆碳氮代谢的调节施氮降低了叶片和茎秆中C/N的比值，施氮量为50 kg/hm2时，对茎秆作用效果明显，施氮量为100 kg/hm2时，对叶片效果明显；施氮降低了根系鼓粒期前的C/N比值，而鼓粒期后作用效果不明显。7、氮素水平对产量性状的影响施氮增加了大豆的株高、株荚数、饱满粒数，降低大豆的结荚高度、结荚结位。

When being transferred to the differentiation medium, IAA and GA〓 significantly decreased, and ABA obviously increased and reached the maximum of ABA/CTK and ABA/IAA, which would help express the embryogenic capability and form multi-cellular proembryo.

具有不同胚性能力的材料之间，随着胚性能力的下降，其内源CTK、IAA和ABA水平也下降，GA〓则升高。

So,it is suggested that decreasing of iPA/ABA and GA/ABA andincreasing of IAA/ABA simulaniously are the characteristic changes of hormone at the beginingof bulbing.

因此，作者认为，iPA/ABA和GA/ABA下降，同时IAA/ABA上升，是大蒜鳞茎形成起始的内源激素平衡变化特征。

At the beginning of bulbing,contents of IAA and ratio ofIAA/ABA increased while ratios of iPA/ABA and GA/ABA decreased.

但在鳞茎形成开始时，内源IAA大幅度升高，同时GA含量下降，至鳞茎形成过程中，GA含量又上升。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。