查询词典 a constant temperature

It is important that a sick cavy be kept in a room where the temperature is warm, and constant.

生病的猪猪必须放在温暖的恒温的房间里，这是很重要的。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

English: Superior Power products, in addition to within the whole framework of an international universal AC input , a variety of constant-current output, up to 95% efficiency 、 small size , with a short-circuit / over load / over voltage / over temperature protection and so on, also has a built-in active PFC function. This series of products are more efficient, longer life, and energy-saving more pronounced.

公司简介：：久嘉电源系列产品，除具有国际通用全范围内交流输入，多种恒流大电流输出，效率高达95%、体积小，带短路/过负载/过电压/过温度保护等特点外，还具有内置主动式 PFC 功能，该系列产品效率更高、寿命更长、节能更明显。

The power-time curves of E.coli reacting with Co-SG at different temperature has been determined by microcalorimtric method The multiplication rate constant k, generation time G,bacterial growth inhibition ratio I,total thermogenetic quantity Q, the heat quantity of a single bacterium Q_(0) and the heat quantity of a single bacterium per minute have also been calculated according to the power-time curves.

用微量热法测定了大肠杆菌及其在Co -SG配合物作用下的热谱曲线，计算了速率常数k ，传代时间G、抑制I、总产热量Q、单个细菌的产热量Q0 和每分钟单个细菌的产热量 Q0 ，建立了部分代谢参数之间的关系，探讨了大肠杆菌在不同温度和Co -SG作用下的代谢抑制，发现可用t、tr、tg和 Q0 定量表征在不同温度下大肠杆菌的生长代谢和药物的抗菌活性。

The kinetics process and temperature impact of natural groundwater denitrified by sulfur autotrophic was investigated. The results revealed that the denitrification rate of up-flow sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter followed a half-order kinetics model; and the reaction rate constant was mainly affected by the temperature. Based on the Arrhenius calculation, the activated energy was 80.38 kJ/mol.

研究实际地下水硫自养反硝化动力学过程，考察季节因素对动力学的影响，实验结果表明，地下水升流式硫自养滤柱反硝化动力学符合1/2级动力学模型，其反应速率常数受温度的影响很大，用阿仑尼乌斯方程计算硫自养反硝化活化能为80.38 kJ/mol。

2 Specimen Moisture Content and Temperature Condi- tions (applicable only to hygroscopic products)—If the pre- vailing moisture content and temperature conditions can affect the performance of the elements and components of the anchorage system, hold these parameters constant for a given series of tests on the performance of railing systems and rails.

8.2样品水分含量和温度状况如果前期的降低湿度和和温度状况会该停泊系统组成部件的性能的话，保持这些参量不变，采用一系列的试验测试横栏的性能。

A decrease in Qef value (x = 0 ~ 0.10) with increasing x was dominated by a decrease in the degree of 1:2 order. A increase in relative dielectric constant (x = 0 ~ 0.50) and the positively change of temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (x = 0.10 ~ 0.50) with increasing x were dominated by a decrease in the proportion of [NbO6] octahedra.

扭曲的 [NbO6] 八面体之比率主导本系统之相对介电系数随著 x 的增加而升高以及 x = 0.10 ~ 0.50之共振频率温度系数随著 x 的增加而往正的方向变动的趋势。

Changing temperature velocity in inner barrel is not a stable constant, and it will vary with advancement of measuring from time to time, thus cooling emendation quadrature model is established to compensate temperature dissipation.

通过引入牛顿冷却定律，较好的解释了热交换造成的量热系统温度变化，并就恒温式氧弹仪具体结构及实验条件分析了影响量热系统热量散失的因素。

Selection of safety valve Decided by the operating pressure safety valve nominal pressure, the decision by the operating temperature range of temperature safety valve from the computed value of the decision constant pressure safety valve spring or a lever set pressure range, then the safety valve according to the decision to use media materials and structure type, and then calculated according to the safety valve Discharge valve throat diameter.

安全阀的选用由操作压力决定安全阀的公称压力，由操作温度决定安全阀的使用温度范围，由计算出的安全阀的定压值决定弹簧或杠杆的定压范围，再根据使用介质决定安全阀的材质和结构型式，再根据安全阀泄放量计算出安全阀的喉径。

Clausius\|Clapeyron equation is modified in such a way that it can be used when the martensitic fraction is not a material constant, and a model describing the relationship between the recovery stress and temperature is developed based on the modified Clausius\|Clapeyron equation.

通过修正Clausius Clapeyron方程，使之在马氏体分数不断变化的条件下仍然适用，并在此基础上建立了TiNi形状记忆合金的回复力模型，模型中的参数均可通过实验确定。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。