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We discuss the relation between elementary maps and ring isomorphisms, andwe give a characterization of elementary maps on stndard operator algebras on Banachspaces, JSL-algebras and nest algebras. For Jordan-triple elementeary maps, we provetheir additivity on a class of ring and show a relation of them with Jordan isomorphisms. Furthermore. we describe the Jordan elementary maps on standard operator algebrasand nest algebras. We also study the semi-Jordan elementary maps on effect algebrasand the space of self adjoint operators.

研究了算子代数上的初等映射和环同构的关系，完全刻画了Banach空间上标准算子代数，JSL代数和套代数上的初等映射；讨论了Jordan-triple初等映射的可加性以及它和Jordan同构的关系，进而完全刻画了Banach空间上标准算子代数和套代数上的Jordan-triple初等映射；刻画了效应代数和自伴算子空间上的semi-Jordan初等映射。

Aiming at a class of typical dynamic hysteretic models, a kind of sliding mode tracking controller based on dynamic sliding mode principle is proposed. A dual-phase convergent process is implemented by constructing an auxiliary sliding mode variable.

针对一种典型的动态迟滞模型，提出一种基于动态滑模原理的跟踪控制器，通过构造辅助的滑模变量来实现动态滑模控制的两阶段收敛。

The excellent agreements between simulated and measured results prove the accuracy of the established circuit model. Moreover, the varactor was added to the resonator to adjust its resonant frequency. As expected, the reactance introduced by the varactor indeed affects the net inductance and capacitance obviously. It is noted that, not only the shift with the center frequency, the inductive or capacitive of the reactance can also provide a parameter to switch its frequency toward the two directions away from the one without varactor. As a consequence, a wideband tunable band-pass filter is achieved. Although the bad quality factor with the diode strongly increases the insertion loss, this concept was proved to be available for effectively tuning the center frequency of such a class of band-pass filter.

另外，在共振器上的varactor是用来调整共振器的共振频率，如预期的，由varactor所造成的电抗确实的影响到共振器的总电感和电容值，值得一提的是，不仅滤波器的中心频率可以被改变，这电抗是电感性或是电容性也将决定滤波器的中心频率将大於或小於未加varactor时滤波器的中心频率，利用这个结果，我们也实现了一个宽的可调频率带通滤波器，虽然不理想之二极体的Q值增加了滤波器的介入损失，但这原理是被证明可有效的用於调变带通滤波器的中心频率。

In this paper we investigate the dynamical properties of continuous mapson a class of hereditarily decomposable chainable continua and the structure ofthe inverse limit space using a piecewise monotone continuous map with zerotopological entropy on a finite graph as a single bonding map.

本文研究了一类遗传可分可链连续统上连续自映射的动力性质并且对有限图上逐段单调且具有零拓扑熵的连续自映射的逆极限空间的拓扑结构进行了较为细致的刻画。

This paper considers a absolute stability problem for a class of uncertain systems that the linear part is the convex combination of finite vertex models ,and the nonlinear part is a nonlinear sector.

本文考虑一类不确定系统的绝对稳定性问题，系统的线性部分乃顶点模型的凸组合，非线性部分是一个非线性扇区如通常绝对稳定性问题中那样。

If, hacker, ankle bicer, in the IT field now refers to a "dabbler" in the computer experts, they like to operate a computer hacker wanted to be a class of characters, but their computer literacy and work skills are limited, so called ankle bicer; much - racker refers specifically to gather personal privacy and political scandals of people; paper - pushers refers to a member of dilatory; kegger beer party and so on.

如，hacker ， ankle bicer ，在IT 领域现指"半瓶醋"的电脑专家，他们喜欢操作电脑，想做个黑客一类的人物，但他们的电脑知识和工作技能有限，所以称之为ankle bicer ； much - racker 指专门刺探个人隐私和政界丑闻的人； paper - pushers 指办事拖拉的成员；kegger 啤酒舞会等。

A class of affine nonlinear system of single input-single output is investigated. Firstly, the nonlinear system is transformed into an equivalent linear system through a diffeomorphism transformation. The networked control problems for the delays are constant, stochastic and shorter than a sampling period, and long and stochastic are investigated respectively.

针对一类单输入-单输出仿射非线性系统，首先通过微分同胚变换实现了仿射非线性系统的无反馈精确线性化；然后基于精确化线性模型，分别讨论网络延时为常时滞，随机时滞小于一个采样周期和随机长时滞情况的控制问题。

For example, the Maximum Membership Function Principle is proposed in Chapter 2 on which the presently"scattered" ones among fuzzy mathematical operations for fuzzy control methods such as the acquisition of fuzzy relation, the composition of fuzzy relations and the fuzzy set projection algorithms can be unified to within a common theoretic frame; the geometric criterion for the redundant design parameters is developed for a class of fuzzy supervisory control algorithm in Chapter 4; such concepts as the metric equivalent distance between fuzzy rules are defined to realize the highly efficient reasoning process; consequently the strategy and algorithm for a dynamically commissioned fuzzy controller is given.

如在第二章中，提出了最大隶属度原则，从而将现有模糊控制方法中诸如模糊关系的获得、模糊关系的合成、模糊集的投影等"零碎"模糊数学运算统一到一个共同的理论框架之中；在第四章中，还针对一类模糊监督控制算法推导了其冗余设计参数的几何选取准则；为实现高效推理过程而定义了模糊规则间的距离当量等概念，在此基础上，提出了动态构造模糊控制器的策略和算法。

Modeling and stability analysis problem of linear switched system are emphasized in this part and main results include:(1) Through investigation in the projection of 〓 on x, where x denotes continuous state vector, a series of sufficient conditions for stability, asymptotic stability and unstability of linear switched system's equilibrium in the sense of Lyapunov are achieved. And also, a sufficient and necessary condition for state bounded stability of linear switched system is received.(2) For a class of periodical linear switched system whose switching sets are a group of ordinal lines starting from the original point, it's proved that state bounded stability can be defined by the running characteristic in a single period (3) Based on linear switched system, the concept of linear switched system network is put forward. Linear switched system network is a complex network interconnected by many linear switched systems.

这部分着重研究线性切换系统的建模与稳定性分析问题，主要成果包括：（1）通过考察〓在x上的投影，得到线性切换系统的平衡点在Lyapunov意义下稳定、渐近稳定及不稳定的一系列充分条件，并得到了线性切换系统状态有界稳定的一个充要条件；（2）证明了对于一类切换集为从原点出发的一组射线的周期线性切换系统，其状态有界稳定可根据一个周期内的系统运行特性来判定；（3）在线性切换系统的基础上提出了线性切换系统网络的概念，线性切换系统网络是由多个线性切换系统交互作用而形成的复杂网络。

For example imitation board and its products with the European edition of formaldehyde "shaving board," the standard indicators consistent; Solvents, benzene-based paint wooden limited value and the "Community eco-labelling products -- Seqi and varnishes ecological commands" the same; Carpet, carpet pad and carpet products used Jiaonianji divided into A, B levels, a level of environmental protection - which the limited value with the United States under the carpet Association standards volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, and other indicators of the same; the conditions of application of radioactive materials into civil construction and industrial materials of construction, civil construction is divided into one category and class civil construction, and then, in accordance with A, B, C classification.

比如人造板及其制品中的甲醛限量与欧洲&刨花板&等有关标准的指标相一致；溶剂型木器涂料中苯的限量值与&欧共体生态标志产品―――色漆和清漆生态指令&相同；地毯、地毯衬垫及地毯用胶黏剂产品分为A、B两级，其中A级环保型的限量值与美国地毯协会标准规定的挥发性有机化合物、甲醛等指标相同；建筑材料放射性把材料适用条件分为民用建筑和工业建筑，民用建筑又分为一类和二类民用建筑，然后按照A、B、C分类。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。