查询词典 Var

Value at Risk was main tool of market risk management but traditional VaR did not appreciate liquidity risk to make that VaR did not give correct information and was disvalue VaR to lead a large number of damages.

在现如今的风险管理工具中，风险值是应用最为广泛的一种，但在以往传统的风险值度量模型中，并不重视或是基本不考虑流动性不足问题所带来的风险，这使得风险值无法提供给投资者完全、真实、可靠的信息，更严重的问题是错估风险值会造成更大的损失。

objective:to determine glucosinolates in draba nemorosa var.leiocarpa and provide the basic and science data for further development.methods:sulfate ion precipitation method was used.results:glucosinolate content was 0.95% in draba nemorosa var.leiocarpa.conclusion:there are more glucosinolates in draba nemorosa var.leiocarpa,which has greater value.

目的：测定光果葶苈全草中硫代葡萄糖苷的总含量，为进一步研究开发提供基础科学资料。方法：采用硫酸根离子沉淀法。结果：光果葶苈全草中硫代葡萄糖苷总含量为0.95%。结论：光果葶苈全草中硫代葡萄糖苷含量高，有较大的开发价值。

The nonparametric methods include kernel method and local linear method.

这一章主要分析了经典的VaR和CVaR方法存在的缺陷，进而介绍了核回归估计法和局部线性估计法，将其运用到VaR和条件VaR的计算过程中，并将几种方法的结果加以比较。

Compensating devices have developed from Synchronous Adjustive Phasic Device, Static Var Compensator to Advanced Static Var Generator nowadays. Today, Trinomial Three Lines pattern Static Var Generator is grown up. But the anisomerous problem becomes more and more serious.

目前用于三相三线制的静止无功发生器已经较为成熟，但随着不对称负荷问题的日益突出，对零线电流的补偿显得十分重要，这就要求使用三相四线制的静止无功发生器。

The results indicate seawater concentration has no effect on absorbency, pH, relative density, dry matter and water contents in Aloe vera leaves. While, seawater stress causes increased MDA and membrane penetration, decreased phytochroms, prolines and NO_3~--N. It is beneficial to plant growth when irrigation was done with 10% seawater, because of higher ratio of K~+/Na~+ and lower ratio of Na~+/Ca~(2+). In addition, the polysaccharide contents in Aloe vera leaves increase twice and triplication under 25% and 50% seawater irrigation respectively, the barbaloin contents increase over triplication in var. 75% seawater and over twice in var. 50% seawater and var. 100% seawater. However, when seawater concentration exceeds 25% the growth of plant was inhibited, biomass decreased, flowering time was deferred, Ca~(2+) content decreased caused by Na~+ accumulation in leaves.

结果表明：在海水胁迫下，库拉索芦荟全叶汁的吸光度、酸度、相对密度、总固形物和水分含量总体上受海水浓度的影响不大；但芦荟叶的丙二醛含量和质膜透性增加，叶绿体色素、脯氨酸和硝态氮含量减少；在10％海水浇灌下，芦荟叶细胞具有较高的K~+／Na~+比和较低的Na~+／Ca~(2+)比，对库拉索芦荟的生长有一定的促进作用；在25％海水和50％海水浇灌下，芦荟多糖含量提高了2-3倍；在75％海水浇灌下芦荟甙含量增加了3倍多，在50％海水和100％海水灌溉下，其含量也增加了2倍多；当海水浇灌浓度超过25％后，库拉索芦荟的生长明显受到抑制，生物量降低，抽苔期推迟，同时，海水浓度的增加也导致芦荟叶中累积大量Na~+，从而使得芦荟叶中Ca~(2+)含量降低，但Mg~(2+)并没有受到海水浓度的影响；用浓度低于75％的海水浇灌库拉索芦荟可以降低剖面深度在0-100cm之间的土壤盐度；其抗氧化保护酶中超氧化歧化酶的酶活力相对保持稳定，过氧化物酶的酶活力在10％海水浇灌下明显提高，随后则下降，而过氧化氢酶的酶活力则随海水浓度的升高而下降。

Value at Risk was main tool of market risk management but traditional VaR did not appreciate liquidity risk to make that VaR did not give correct information and was misvalue VaR to lead a large number of damages.

摘要 风险值为现今主要风险管理下之衡量工具，但在传统的风险值模型中，并不重视流动性风险，使得风险值无法提供投资者真实的资讯，另外可能因错估风险值，而造成更大的损失。

Var. pyramidalis is not positively correlated with ion concentration in growth environment, the capacity of selective absorption and transport of ions in Populus alba L. var. pyramidali under salt stress in drainage canal is higher than Populus alba L. var. pyramidal is of normal growth in irrigation canal. Under salt stress, the concentration of K(superscript +)、Na(superscript +) of roots and leave of Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis have changed, the concentration of K(superscript +) of roots and leave dropt the concentration of Na(superscript +) of roots markedly increased, the concentration of Ca(superscript 2+), Mg(superscript 2+) have slightly changed, the concentration of Ca(superscript 2+) of roots dropted, the concentration of Mg(superscript 2+) increased, the concentration of Ca(superscript 2+), Mg(superscript 2+) of leave increased.

主要结论为：新疆杨各器官的离子含量与生长环境中的离子浓度不存在正相关趋势；排渠盐胁迫下生长的新疆杨对离子选择吸收和运输的能力高于灌渠正常生长的新疆杨；盐胁迫下，新疆杨根和叶中K、Na的浓度发生了明显的变化，K浓度在根和叶中呈下降趋势，Na浓度在根中明显增加，根和叶中Ca(上标 2+)、Mg(上标 2+)浓度的变化趋势略缓，根中Ca(上标 2+)浓度下降，Mg(上标 2+)浓度增加，叶中Ca(上标 2+)、Mg(上标 2+)浓度有所上升。

In view of the peaked and fat-tailed characteristics of financial return data distribution and its effect of clustering fluctuation and especially the "leverage effect" of fluctuation on VaR estimates and some efficiencies when estimating VaR with various assumptions of return data distribution,a semi-parameter approach based on EGARCH-VaR model is developed.

证券风险是指未来证券价格或收益的不确定性或波动性，证券风险管理的基础和核心是对风险的定量分析和评估·国内外研究表明，金融时间序列通常带有一些明显的特性：金融时间序列的收益率分布存在尖峰厚尾性[1]及其波动具有集群性[2]；股票的价格波动还有&杠杆效应&[3]·这些显著

This study investigates the influence of fat-tailed innovation process on the performance of VaR (Value-at-Risk, VaR) estimates by three GARCH models (GARCH-N, GARCH-t and GARCH-HT). Daily spot prices of two Asian emerging stock indices (Hangseng Index-Hongkong and South Korea-KOSPI Index) are used as the empirical sample to discuss and compare the accuracy and efficiency of these VaR models.

本文以香港恒生股价指、南韩综合股价指之日资为对象，对GARCH-N、GARCH-t及GARCH-HT三种风险值模型，进实证，探讨何种资产报酬的分配，对风险值估计具有较佳的表现。

Of 12 tomato lines, the analysis on the 4 fruit nourishment quality traits (the contents of vitamin C, total soluble solids and dry matter and ratio of sugar-acid ) was carried out to study the four kinds of disparities, which included the interspecific one, the one between two varieties in the same species , the one between the lines bred by different means in the same variety ,and the one between the different fruit-shaped lines in the same variety .The analytic method of orthogonal comparison of single degree of freedom was applied. The results showed that the line of Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium was better than the average of the lines of L.esculentum in the 4 traits at significant level of 1%, the average of the lines of var.cerasiforme was better than the average of the lines of var.vulgare in the 4 traits at significant level of 5% or 1%,and the two space mutation line(YH02-2 or YH02-6) was better than the average of the other lines of the same variation in the 4 trait, respectively, at significant level of 1%. Of the lines of var.cerasiforme , the lines with pear fruit were lower than the average of the lines with round-shaped or plum-shaped fruits in the 2traits(the contents of vitamin C and total soluble solids), at significant level of 1%,the lines with plum-shaped fruits were higher than the average of the lines with round-shaped fruits, at significant level of 1%,and the lines with yellow-colored fruits(YH02-11) was lower than the average of the lines with red-colored fruits(YH02-1and YH02-7) in the trait of the contents of vitamin C.

对12个品系进行种间、种内变种间、变种内不同选育方式间、变种内不同果实形状间在果实营养品质（果实维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量、干物质含量和糖酸比）上的差异进行分析，采用统计学上单一自由度正交比较分析法与植物学分类相结合的方法进行分析，结果表明：醋栗番茄种品系YH02-12在4个营养品质性状上，极显著高于普通番茄种品系；樱桃番茄变种品系在4个营养品质性状上的平均水平极显著或显著高于普通番茄变种品系的平均水平；2个空间诱变品系YH02-2、YH02-6在4个营养品质性状上均极显著高于同变种的其他品系的平均水平；樱桃番茄变种品系中，梨形果品系YH02-5、YH02-8的果实维生素C、可溶性固形物含量均极显著地低于樱桃番茄变种中圆形或李形品系的平均水平，李形果品系YH02-9在4个营养品质性状上均极显著地高于圆形果品系的平均水平，黄色圆形果品系YH02-11的果实维生素C偏低于红色圆形果品系YH02-1和YH02-7。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。