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In this paper, a thermal simulation model of a LED driver was established. The thermal field and thermal stress analysis of the driver was done by using the software EFD Pro 8.2, and the temperature rise from various parts and the temperature field distribution of the PCB were obtained. By analyzing the reasons leading to overheating and unideal heat distribution, corresponding thermal simulation using an improved model was carried out. Finally, the comparison and analysis of experimental measurement results and simulation results were given.

本文基于计算流体力学中的有限体积法，建立了该变换器的热仿真模型，利用EFD Pro 8.2软件，对驱动电源内部进行了热场及热应力分析，得到了各部分的温升情况和整个电源温度场的分布情况，分析导致PCB局部过热的原因，然后针对热仿真得出的不理想的热分布情况提出了改进的方法，进行了模型改进，对PCB板上的各部分进行合理的重新布局，并再次进行了热仿真，最终得到了较为理想的结果，最后给出了实验测量结果与仿真结果的对比及分析。

Essay 2 of this study investigates how background risk affects households' insurance purchasing decision, expenditure share and amounts of insurance by using data of Survey of Family Income and Expenditure in Taiwan. Using the income risk as the proxy for background risk and controlling other wealth and demographic factors, the findings suggest that insurance expenditure is positively affected by uninsurable background risk.

第二篇研究主要探讨家计单位保险（包括人寿医疗险及产物保险）之购买决策、消费比例及支出金额是否受到背景风险（以所得变异系数及标准差及减薪厂商比例等所得风险变数作为代理变数）之影响，并实证估计各种保险之所得弹性。

This suggested there might have cis-acting element in 3'-UTR. In order to search the possible trans-acting factor, we found RNA-protein band in H〓 cells and no band in 95D cells using 3'-UTR probe by RNA EMSA assay. At the same time, this band could be competed with the unlabled probe. There was also no band obsearved using 5'-UTR probe in both cells.

为了寻找可能与3'-UTR结合的蛋白质反式作用因子，用RNA凝胶阻滞(electrophoresis mobility shift assay，EMSA)的方法，我们在H〓细胞的胞浆蛋白质提取物与3'-UTR探针的结合反应中，发现了一条RNA-蛋白质的结合带，而在95D细胞没有结合带出现；而且这种结合带能被未标记探针竞争性抑制；5'-UTR的结合反应也没有观测到结合带的形成。

Intimal areas were measured using morphometric analysis of perfusion-fixed vein graft specimens, and intimal thickness was calculated using circumferential measurements. The SMC proliferation was studied by the immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Expression of MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA in vein grafts and unoperated control Vein grafts was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Substrate gel zymography was used to determine the proteolytic activity.

分别行HE染色、Verhoeff弹性纤维染色观察组织病理变化，计算机病理图象分析系统测量新生内膜厚度及面积，免疫组织化学方法检测静脉壁增殖细胞核抗原表达以观察细胞增殖情况，半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测静脉壁基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)mRNA的表达，明胶酶谱法检测MMP-2、MMP-9活性，比较各组之间的差别。

YYQ: There are lots of people like this in England, using handiwork to stand up to computers, using their hands to make very difficult, even impossible things that are a breeze to do with computers. This hand-crafted aspect, in its contrast to new technology and media, has created a feeling for the absurdity of the day. At the time I felt that this unreasonableness was interesting, though I had my doubts, namely that monkey-painting style.

叶帅：英国有一堆这样的人，用手工去和电脑较劲，用手工方式去做一种有难度甚至是不可能的，但电脑很轻松就能达到的效果，这种手工性和新技术、新媒体的差异，造成了一种今天荒诞的感觉，我当时的想法首先是它的这种不合理性对我来说，有意思，另外我还有点怀疑，怀疑的是，那种猴子式的画法。

Main points of this paper are as follows:(1) to explain emphatically and to prove the Jukes-Cantor Model, Kimura Model and the relationships of them;(2) to construct and to prove, using EM algorithm, the theorems of estimating best branches of DNA sequences having censored data for Jukes-Cantor Model under the conditions of rooted tree and unrooted tree respectively;(3) to construct and to prove, using EM algorithm, another three theorems of estimating best parameters of DNA sequences having censored data for Kimura Model under the conditions of rooted tree and unrooted tree.

本论文的重点在于解释和证明Jukes-Cantor模型、Kimura模型及两模型之间的关系；运用EM算法构造并证明Jukes-Cantor模型下含缺损数据的DNA序列构建有根树的最佳分枝长度估计定理；运用EM算法构造并证明Kimura模型下含缺损数据的DNA序列构建有根树的最佳参数估计定理。

Sequences for each individual were assembled and edited using ESEE 3 0 s. A distance matrix was computed using program DNADIST of PHYLIP(3 57). Unrooted maximum likelihood trees were calculated from program FITCH.Results The amplified CO1 gene of the snail was a fragment of 638 bp in length.

在该地区选 7个点(上游 4个点，下游 3个点)采集钉螺，用CTAB法提取钉螺基因组DNA ，PCR方法扩增CO1基因，纯化后测序，运用ESEE软件排序并比较变异位点，观察各点钉螺的CO1基因单倍体型，运用PHYLIP软件计算遗传距离，绘制基因进化树。

Finally, the idea of integer design and realization of the system are discussed in details.The carton and carton parts designed is parameterize, and consumer can adjust the carton and carton parts by using these parameters. Using piecing together technique in the system can make up the shortage of the existing carton structure CAD system. The method not only reduces the complicacy of the carton design, but can deal with every face of the carton, and it creates advantageous conditions in carton upholster for the next step.

本文所做的盒片和盒片零件是参数化的，用户可以根据实际需要对盒片及盒片零件的参数进行调整；将拼合技术应用于纸盒结构CAD系统中，可以弥补现有纸盒结构CAD系统的不足；采用拼合技术拼合盒片的设计方法，不但降低了纸盒结构设计的复杂性，而且可以单独处理成盒后的每一个盒面，为下一步对纸盒进行装潢设计创造了有利条件。

The upper bound of the derivative estimation error using proposed scheme is computed in order to compare with those using AVSDE.

并以本文提出的技巧来计算出导数估测误差的上界后，和AVSDE计算出的上界两者做比较。

Therefore, space using right is an independent usufruct of real estate and should not be included in the land using right for building.

因此空间使用权是一项独立的用益物权，不应将其包含在建设用地使用权之中。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。