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Statistical characteristic of daily temperature series (1954-2004) of Xiamen station is analyzed using Gaussian and skew distribution functions, and then future probable trend of record temperature events is also simulated using Monte-Carlo methods based on Gaussian and skew distribution functions, respectively.

分别采用高斯分布函数和偏态分布函数分析了厦门市1954-2004年51年日观测温度资料中的高温破纪录事件的统计规律，并以此采用蒙特卡罗方法对厦门市未来高温破纪录事件发展趋势进行了模拟。

Slack water deposits are indicators of water level and age of paleoflood. They can be identified using Quaternary Period geology and hydrology, and can be aged using radioactive isotopes or other methods.

平流沉积物是洪水水位和发生年代记录的载体，利用第四纪地质学和水文学可以把它发掘出来并用放射性同位素或者其它断代方法测定它发生的年代，再通过断面恢复，进行流量推求，这就是古洪水研究。

Then,shotpoint-receiver pairs which meet reflec-tion law are found by using Snell's law. Finally,prestack depth imaging is achievedby using constraint weighted Kirchhoff integral. This method is adaptable to thevertical and lateral variation...

本方法适应速度的纵向和横向变化，它优于简单的VSP－CDP资料转换成像方法，通过模型和实际资料的成像应用表明，此法不仅成像精度高，而且有利于改善剖面的频率特性。

A general formula for three dimensional refraction of progressive gravity water waves has been derived using the conservation of waves, which has a form the same as that derived using Fermat's principle in optics. For the case of gentle sloping plane beach the formula can be degenerated into the famous Snell's law.

三度空间中前进波浪的折射现象，已依波浪守衡性的本质简明地导述出其主控的通式，且与由较繁冗的光学之Fermat原则所得者完全一致；而最简单的均匀缓坡度底床的特例情况则退化成Snell定律者。

He suggests when not using equipment (such as Engrave-A-Crete or Kaleido-Crete) the design be placed using graph paper and drawn on the concrete with chalk, soapstone, pencil or marking pen.

他建议在不使用的设备（如雕刻，阿-克里特或的Kaleido -克里特岛）的设计采用图形放置文件，并与粉笔，滑石，铅笔或标记的具体绘制笔。

Based on the load transmission mechanism of space truss, and referenced theanalysis of test materials, a formula for calculating the bearing capacity of reinforcedconcrete compression strut is introduced. By using the theory of plastic hinge-line, anupper limit solution of bent bearing capacity for four-pile cap, which coincidesprecisely with the practical measurements, is obtained. By utilizing the reaction ofthe soil under cap and by basing on the method of plastic ultimate analysis, an upperlimit solution of punching shear bearing capacity for pile cap is acquired, which. coincides precisely with the practical measurements, and the formula is similar to thecode.A brief discuss on cooperative work of strip beam of foundation and single rankof piles is made. Separately considering the pile-cap and the pile-group, thencoupling their matrix of rigidity, the inner force of pile-cap is solved by the numericalmethod under some reasonable supposition. In comparison with other method, thecalculating results are exact, reliable and convenient in using. The method provides apowerful tQol fOr further analysis and research on this kind of structure.

本文以空间桁架传力机理为基础，结合试验资料分析，推导了钢筋混凝土等边三桩承台受冲切承载力计算公式；根据塑性铰线理论，导得了与试验结果吻合良好的四桩承台受弯承载力的上限解；利用承台底土反力分布，根据塑性极限分析方法，导得了桩基承台受冲切承载力的上限解，在此基础上，通过简化假定，得到与规范公式相类似的承台受冲切承载力实用公式，该公式能方便考虑台底土反力作用，与试验结果的吻合程度比规范公式好；简要讨论了桩基条形承台梁与单排桩的协同工作分析；在一些合理假定的基础上，将承台与群桩分开考虑，分别得到其刚度矩阵后进行耦合，通过数值方法求解承台内力，算例表明，该方法结果准确，使用方便，为该类结构的进一步分析研究及工程设计提供了强有力的工具。

Through lots of tests, the new technology of preparing the polymeric ferric aluminum silicate sulfate by using the waste-acid of Ti02-industriy and the coal fly ash has been designed. The highest Al-acid stripping rate can be achieved by the waste sulfate acid under boiling degree for 1. 5h when the mass ratio between NaCl and Coal Fly ash is 0. 05:1, as well as that between Coal Fly ash and Waste Acid ratio is 1:10. By means of the oxidation-polymerized reaction under 40-50*C and normal pressure, using NaNCkas catalyst and air as oxidation, the polymeric ferric aluminum sulfate can be obtained. The poly-silicic acid is polymerized with soluble glass in the optimum conditions of pH=5-6 and the concentration of Si02 is about 3%. The inorganic high molecule coagulant of PFASS is synthesized with the poly-silicic acid into the solution of polymeric ferric aluminum sulfate.

本论文通过大量的试验，研究开发出了用粉煤灰及钛白废酸制取聚合硫酸硅酸铁铝的新工艺，其最佳工艺条件为：于沸点温度，以NaCl为助溶剂(NaCl与粉煤灰质量比为0.05：1)，以钛白废酸浸取粉煤灰(固液比为1：10)中的铝1.5小时，最大浸取率可达40％；经过滤洗涤后，调节滤液pH至2.0左右，以NANO_2为催化剂(NaNO_2用量为滤液中FeSO_4·7H_2O量的3％)，空气为氧化剂，于40-50℃进行常压催化氧化反应，制取聚合硫酸铁铝，催化氧化时间为2小时；将工业水玻璃稀释至3％左右，调节其pH于5-6，室温下制备活性聚硅酸；将活性聚硅酸与聚合硫酸铁铝按照一定比例复合，经熟化，即制得新型无机高分子混凝剂PFASS。

Using different concentrations of PEG solution simulated drought stress, measured PB86, PR107, RRIM600 and GT1 rubber tree seedling leaves relative water content, the relative conductivity, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar content, superoxide dismutase, 8 physiological indicators, and their changes in the law, and using principal component analysis, membership function analysis, correlation analysis grey mathematical statistical methods, such as the evaluation of four strains of rubber tree seedlings and with the drought resistance the relevance of indicators; at the same time analysing the use of hypertonic solution screening rubber tree seeds and the drought resistance of different rootstocks on 7-33-97 budding seedlings of the impact of drought that rubber tree planting material and rootstocks drought assessment, and provide a theoretical basis choice.

利用不同浓度的PEG溶液模拟干旱胁迫，测定了PB86、PR107、RRIM600和GT1橡胶树实生苗叶片相对含水量、相对电导率、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量、超氧化物歧化酶等8项生理指标，研究了它们的变化规律，并利用主成分分析、隶属函数分析、灰色关联分析等数理统计方法评价了4个品系橡胶树实生苗的抗旱性及其与各指标的相关性；同时分析了利用高渗溶液筛选的橡胶树种子的抗旱性以及不同砧木对热研7－33－97芽接苗抗旱性的影响，以为橡胶树抗旱砧木和种植材料的评价、选择提供理论依据。

In Chapter 3, the skew-ring congruence of regular semiring and qusi-regular semiring are characterized by using of a class of special ideals and a representation of a class of a skew-ring congruence is given by using of a quasi-order on semirings.

第三章，根据环的理想和同余的对应理论，利用半环的一类特殊理想给出了正则半环与拟正则半环上的skew-环同余的刻划；并且利用半环上的一个拟序给出了skew-环同余类的一种表示。

Listing 3.3 Using Picture Format Specifiers to Create Special Formats using System

清单3.3使用图片格式说明建立特殊格式使用系统

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。