查询词典 The Opium War

EIGHTY miles down the railway from Beijing, Tianjin was for centuries the main port to the Celestial City and the Emperor of Heaven. The foreign powers who occupied it in 1860, in the wake of the second opium war, called it a "concession" or "treaty" port; the Chinese the "ford of heaven".

顺延北京铁路南下80英里之外的天津，数世纪以来一直都是通往那个天朝圣城朝见天子的主要港口。1860年，外国列强在第二次鸦片战争后随即占领了这座城市，将之称为"租界"或"条约"港口；而中国人则称之为"天国的津口"。

This can hardly be expected to be a peaceful process, and in fact it has been accompanied by major conflicts and social upheavals. The expansion of European capitalism in the nineteenth century involved the Opium Wars, genocide in the Belgian Congo, the Great Game in Central Asia, and many other forms of imperial conquest and rivalry. The seeming triumph of global capitalism at the end of the twentieth century followed two world wars, the cold war, and savage neocolonial conflicts.

很难想象这会是一个和平的过程，事实上它伴随着根本性的矛盾冲突和社会巨变：19世纪欧洲资本主义的扩张引发了鸦片战争，在比利时统治下的刚果实施了种族灭绝，在中亚展开大博弈，以及其他很多形式的帝国主义的政府和竞争。20世纪末全球资本主义看上去获得了胜利，其前有两次世界大战、冷战和野蛮的新殖民冲突。

In the aftermath of the second opium war in 1860, it was the 8th Earl of Elgin who ordered French, British and Punjabi soldiers to destroy the Old Summer Palace in Beijing.

在1860年，作为第二次鸦片战争的直接后果的一部分，是第八代的艾林－俄而思家族的人命令法国，英国和彭加陛的士兵们完全捣毁了北京的圆明园。

His son is less well-known, but he was also responsible for what many view as an infamous act of cultural vandalism. In the aftermath of the second opium war in 1860, it was the 8th Earl of Elgin who ordered French, British and Punjabi soldiers to destroy the Old Summer Palace in Beijing.

他的儿子没那么有名，但他也犯下了在许多人看来属于破坏文化的恶劣行径。1860年第二次鸦片战争爆发后，这位第八世埃尔金伯爵命令法国、英国和旁遮普士兵毁掉了北京的圆明园。

The heads, thought to have been designed by the Jesuit missionary Giuseppe Castiglione, were among 12 zodiac animals from a water-clock fountain in one of the Imperial summer palaces. The building was set ablaze and its treasures plundered and scattered by British and French troops in October 1860 at the end of the second Opium War.

经了解，这两尊兽首由欧洲传教士意大利人郎世宁设计，来自圆明园海晏堂--清朝乾隆帝时建造的宫殿，内有以十二生肖为主题的水力钟，即报时喷泉。1860 年 10 月英法联军洗劫焚毁圆明园，造成大量文物相继流失。

It is not an Opium War-style forcing of illegal commodities on the Chinese people by the British government, it is criminal groups, both Chinese and foreign, flouting the laws of their countries and the world as a whole.

您还说：&谁在危及中国环境。&这种贸易也在危及全世界的环境，因为它所引起的污染可以超越国界。

And some questions no longer appear, such as "What is the name of the ship that brought opium glooms the pilgrim to America?" and "What group has the power to declare war?"

撤消了一些问题，比如说&载朝圣者到美国去的船叫什么名字&还有&哪个组织有宣战的能力？&

His skill at cultivating rare blooms from the Orient in hothouses earned him a ticket to China at the end of the First Opium War.

他在温室中培育的稀有花朵东方技能为他赢得一票，中国在第一次鸦片战争结束。

About a year after the outbreak of war, many of Yen's opium-smoking soldiers had thrown away their arms and become bandits, but a small part of the arn-iy took refuge in southern Shansi.

抗日战争开始大约一年以后，阎锡山的许多大烟兵败逃，沦为土匪。另有一小部分部队躲到晋南去了。

EIGHTY miles down the railway from Beijing, Tianjin was for centuries the main port to the Celestial City and the Emperor of Heaven. The foreign powers who occupied it in 1860, in the wake of the second opium war, called it a "concession" or "treaty" port; the Chinese the "ford of heaven".

顺延北京铁路南下80英里之外的天津，数世纪以来一直都是通往那个天朝圣城朝见天子的主要港口。1860年，外国列强在第二次鸦片战争后随即占领了这座城市，将之称为&租界&或&条约&港口；而中国人则称之为&天国的津口&。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。