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Porous titania thin films were obtained via sol-gel method with hydroxypropyl-cellulose as the additive,ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as solvent.

以乙二醇甲醚为溶剂，羟基纤维素为添加剂，用溶胶-凝胶法制备了多孔TiO2薄膜。

is that zinc acetate, sodium acetate and transition metal salt are dissolved in ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as precursor; then ethanol is added as stabilizer; after stirring, the stable sol is formed.

将醋酸锌、醋酸钠和过渡金属盐作为前驱物，溶于乙二醇甲醚中，并加入乙醇胺作为稳定剂，搅拌后形成稳定的溶胶。

ABSTRACT PZT thin films with a composition near the morphotropic phase boundary ﹝ w/w=52/48﹞ were prepared by the sol-gel process, and atomic force microscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry were utilized to trace the sintering processes.

摘 要 用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了组成在准同型相界点﹝m/m=52/48﹞附近的钙钛矿相PZT薄膜，并运用原子力显微分析与椭偏法测试相结合的方法跟踪了薄膜的烧结过程。

Five synthesis methods of AlN powder were discussed,namely direct nitrogenation of Al powder,carbothermal reduction of Al2O3,chemical vapor deposition,sol-gel method,self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and plasma chemical synthesis.

凝胶法、自蔓延高温合成法和等离子化学合成法；分析AlN烧结助剂的选择和5种烧结工艺：热压烧结、无压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结及自蔓延烧结；阐述AlN基板的制备工艺及其影响因素。

Five synthesis methods of AlN powder were discussed, namely direct nitrogenation of Al powder, carbothermal reduction of Al2O3, chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel method, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and plasma chemical synthesis. The choice of AlN sintering additives and five sintering technologies were analysed, namely hot pressing sintering, pressureless sintering, spark plasma sintering, microwave sintering and self-propagating sintering. The preparation processes of AlN substrate and its influencing factors were expounded.

介绍AlN陶瓷的典型性能和导热机理；讨论AlN粉末的5种合成方法：铝粉直接氮化法、Al2O3碳热还原法、化学气相沉积法、溶胶凝胶法、自蔓延高温合成法和等离子化学合成法；分析AlN烧结助剂的选择和5种烧结工艺：热压烧结、无压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结及自蔓延烧结；阐述AlN基板的制备工艺及其影响因素。

Scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,circular dichroism and small-angle X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the aggregation mode of CSG in the organogel phase.A hierarchical self-assembly model was proposed to explain the transition from molecular to primary and secondary structure.It is shown from our results that CSG can aggregate into a micellar fibril nanostructure with high length-to-width ratio which is bundled and entangled to form a three-dimensional(3D) network that immobilize the fluid component probably by surface tension.Moreover,sol-gel polymerization of tetraethoxysilane was carried out using CSG in the gel phase.

通过扫描电镜(ScanningElectron Microscopy，SEM)、透射电镜(Transmission Electron Microscopy，TEM)、圆二色谱(Circular Dichroism，CD)和小角X—射线衍射仪(Small-angle X-rayDiffraction，SAXRD)考察CSG分子自组装行为结果表明，CSG形成的聚集体具有多级结构：首先CSG通过手性堆叠自组装形成直径在9—10nm的细纳米纤维，这些细的纳米纤维再以不规则的六方堆积的方式进行排列，构成直径在40—100nm的粗纳米纤维(即细纳米纤维的&捆束&)，最后粗纳米纤维互相粘连形成三维网络状结构，使有机溶剂&固定&，从而形成凝胶；以CSG有机凝胶为模板，四乙氧基硅烷为前体，通过溶胶—凝胶聚合的方法制备了直径大约为100nm的二氧化硅纳米管。3。

In this project the seed cells, scaffolds and bioactive factors are combined with gelatin and silane through the sol-gel, freeze-drying methods. The porous materials having proper physicochemical properties and good biocompatibility have been produced and utilized as the scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and organoid artificial skin.

该项目应用明胶和硅烷，通过溶胶-凝胶、冷冻干燥等方法，将种子细胞、支架材料、以及生物活性因子等结合起来，获得了具有适当理化性质、良好生物相容性的多孔材料，并将其作为组织工程骨和组织化人工皮肤的支架材料。

In order to increase the practical application of this waster water treating technology, in this text, we tried to improvement the feasible on economy and technology from preparation of photocatalysists, design of reactor and the influence of different reaction conditions etc.A P25 TiO2 film supported on UV light surface was prepared using sol-gel method at 200℃ calcinations temperature, and the photocatalyst has shown a good stability and performance for the photodegradation of orthocresol solution irradiated with UV light of 254nm, when reaction for 30min, the photodegradation still more then 85%.

为了更快地将这种处理技术用于大规模生产当中，本文以焦化废水中的邻甲酚作为目标污染物，试图从催化剂薄膜的制备、反应器的设计、反应条件的影响等各方面来深入研究TiO_2膜催化剂的催化降解作用以便促进提高其实际应用中的经济技术可行性。

Silica sol without ethanol was prepared with tetraethyl orthosilicate as precursor.

以硅酸乙酯为水解前驱体，制备了有机硅水溶胶体系。

While the molar ratio of WD-20 and tetraethyl orthosilicate was 0.2, the sol-fraction of the prepared nanocomposites was 6%,glass transition temperature was above 250 ℃ and the transmittance was more than 80% at the wavelength between 450 nm and 800 nm and the size of dispersed SiO2 phase was less than 100 nm.

当WD-20与四乙基原硅酸盐之比为0.2时，所制备的纳米复合材料的溶胶分数为6%、玻璃化转变温度为250 ℃以上、可见光透过率在80％以上、SiO2分散相尺寸小于100 nm。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。