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Epitaxial growth of GaN on sapphire and novel substrate LiAlO〓 1 The growth mechanism of GaN on sapphire substrate was investigated using AFM, X-ray diffraction, X-ray double crystal diffraction, Rutherford back scattering etc.

阐明了衬底表面的氮化处理、缓冲层的生长对外延膜结晶形貌、结晶质量、以及外延匹配关系的影响规律。

In recent years, the company developed new type of Over Tube-Table Diagnostic Table, the series of high-frequency X-ray machine, Linear Scanning Direct Digital X-ray Radiography.

公司于2005年在成都国家级高新技术产业开发区征地200亩，投资2亿建设的数字化医用诊断X射线机研发、生产基地，目前已建成投产。

X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the crystal structure and the field-emission scanning electron microscopy inspected the surface and cross-sectional morphology. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to determine the film composition. The optical transmittance, electric resistance, Hall Effect, and Seebeck coefficient were measured. It was found in XRD patterns that all samples possess In2O3 structure.

在特性量测方面，分别以X光绕射分析其晶体结构，场发射扫瞄式电子显微镜分析其表面及断面型态，以X光电子能谱分析仪分析薄膜成份，并搭配光穿透率、电阻率、霍尔效应及Seebeck系数等特性分析，探讨经热处理之后薄膜的热电特性变化。

The composition of the SiGe thin films were controlled by changing the ratio of the area of silicon and germanium. By changing the parameters of substrate temperature and annealing temperature, we examined the microstructure, composition, crystallinity, electrical and thermoelectric properties by field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, Hall effect and Seebeck coefficient measurement.

利用改变矽锗靶材面积比例进行薄膜成份的控制，并藉由改变基板温度以及退火温度之制程参数，利用场发射扫描式电子显微镜、化学分析电子能谱仪、二次离子质谱仪、X光绕射仪、霍尔效应量测仪以及自组装之热电量测系统作为分析仪器，分别量测薄膜表面形貌、横截面、成分、结晶性质、电性以及Seebeck系数等特性。

Its most advantage is: it is suitable for any complex geology structure, the"iterative"ray tracing method is based on Fermat"minimum travel time principle", it uses Taylor expansion and finds the solution segmentally and iteratively, then modifies the initial ray path.

迭代射线追踪方法是根据Fermat最小旅行时原理，应用Taylor展开，分段迭代求解，再逐次修改初始射线路径，完成全射线路径的迭代求解过程，其最大优点是计算的速度快，追踪射线效率高。

An N-channel VDMOS I - V curve is measured after X-ray radiation under condition of different power dissipation. It is found that the property of new interface traps induced by X-ray radiation of self-annealing VDMOS sample does not conform to existing theory reasonably well.

利用X射线对一种N沟VDMOS在不同的负载功率下进行了辐射试验，采用电流-电压测试方法发现这种H2-O2氧化栅介质VDMOS样品存在自退火效应时，新增界面陷阱特性与通常的理论不能够很好地一致。

In the world, most of the work is using the ray casting method for such a hybrid rendering. This is because the sample point of geometric objects can be conveniently inserted into the sequence of points in the volume along a ray line.

国际上关于这方面的工作很多，但基本上是运用光线投射方法进行混合成象，因为在每条成象光线的数据样点序列中，便于插入几何形体的样点。

Mineralizing fluid migrated, concentrated and allocated in the fractured zone between granite and metamorphic rock, it was a good canal for Rn, U, Tb and K, added intense sericitization, in geophysical exploration we found that y -ray spectrometry, Radon spectrometry can reflect the allocation of fractured zone, X-ray fluorescence analysis in laboratory can effectively find alteration envelope, elements geochemical abnormality, soil primary and secondary halo, then find deposits allocation.

结合矿床特征，以核技术为主的找矿方法中γ能谱及氡测量能很好地反映容矿破碎带及花岗岩与变质岩的接触位置，室内多元素X射线荧光测量技术可以有效寻找蚀变带、元素地球化学异常及土壤原生晕、次生晕等流体成矿地球化学界面的标志，快速追踪矿床的位置。

The process of adding shadows used here is simple: for each object intersection point, which I call hitpoint, we trace a ray toward the light, and if this ray hits another object so we have shadow at hitpoint, and them we reduce the rgb color at the hitpoint by a percentage.

在这里使用添加阴影过程很简单：为每个对象的交叉点，我称之为hitpoint，我们跟踪一对光线，如果这种射线击中另外一个对象，以便我们在hitpoint阴影，和他们，我们减少RGB颜色在hitpoint一个百分点。

To shear-ray ah, baby is light skinhead cut, after the hair will be black light, do not believe in Chinese medicine, Western medicine theory, I baby-ray skinhead cut twice, and now very beautiful hair!!

要剪光啊，孩子是剪了光光头，以后的头发才会又黑又亮，别相信什么中医，西医的理论，我孩子剪了两次光光头，现在头发非常漂亮！！

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。