查询词典 Ray

Measurement of gamma ray activities can be transformed to that of alpha ray and beta ray activities. When natural radionuclides are well distributed in materials, there is fixed interrelationship between alpha ray and beta ray activities in any part of a decorative material and alpha ray and beta ray surface activities.

同时，ICRP和IAEA都已明确我国《放射卫生防护基本标准》GB4792-1984对公众的剂量限值不适用于天然放射性，而我们的国家标准仍使用土壤的剂量转换因子和公众的年剂量限值来推导建筑材料的核素限量。

Results Compared high kV X-ray chest film with spiral CT,to simplex silicosis,X-ray films coincided with CT scans;to mixed silicosis,the effect of CT scans were better than X-ray's;to large nodule,coalesced progressive massive fibrosis,the detected ratio of CT scans were higher than X-ray chest films;to silicosis complication,for example,emphysema,pleural thickening,phthisic,mediastinal impairment lympy node etc,CT scans were more reliable than X-ray films,especially HRCT can earlier find silicotic nodule and fine structure of focus.Selective application of CT scan,had great diagnostic value in complicated silicosis and silco-tuberculosis and lung cancer complicated with silicosis etc.

结果 高千伏X线胸片与螺旋CT作对比，结果对单纯矽肺并发肺癌，CT片与X线胸片基本一致；对于复杂矽肺并发肺癌CT优于X线胸片；对于大结节、肺内进行性大块纤维化(progressive massive fibrosis，PMF)融合、空洞及钙化CT检出率明显高出胸片；对矽肺并发肺癌的合并其他如肺气肿、胸膜肥厚、结核、纵隔淋巴受累等CT均较胸片可靠；特别是HRCT能早期发现矽肺肿块样病灶中细微结构，选择性应用CT，对复杂矽肺并发肺癌合并结核等鉴别诊断有很大价值。

X-ray radiography, X-ray radioscopy and X-ray computed tomography were performed to the C preforms and C/SiC composites made by chemical vapor infiltration method. Elementary research of the simulation of X-ray nondestructive testing of C preforms and C/SiC composites was conducted. The main contents and conclusions are summarized as follows:(1) The equivalent absorption coefficients of graphite and SiC to Al (KAl/sic, KAI/C) were measured. It was found that in 35-45KV, KAl/sic=1.1~1.2 and KAl/c=0.08~0.12. That means X-ray radiography was much less sensitive to fiber defects than to SiC matrix. It was suggested that Al Image Quality Indicator would be used to evaluate the quality of X-ray radiographs of C/SiC.

本文选择X射线照相、X射线实时成像和X射线CT等三种方法对C纤维预制体及C／SiC复合材料进行了检测和研究，并对C／SiC复合材料X射线检测的计算机模拟做了初步的探索，主要研究内容和结果如下：(1)测定了C和SiC的X射线照相等效系数，在35～45KV的条件下，Al对SiC的等效系数K_为1.1～1.2，Al对C的等效系数K_为0.08～0.12，所以X照相射线检测C／SiC对C纤维缺陷不敏感，而对SiC基体缺陷敏感。

Knowledge of tungsten anode X-ray tube spectra is essential for X-ray dose control, X-ray image quality evaluation and dual-energy X-ray imaging etc. A model-based tungsten anode X-ray tube spectrum reconstruction method is presented in this paper.

X射线球管光谱信息是进行X射线曝光剂量控制、X射线成像质量评估、X射线双能量成像等必不可少的，为此本文提出一种基于模型的钨靶X射线球管光谱重建方法。

In recent years, although multichannels (more than 256) gamma ray spectrometer has been made overseas, field gamma ray spectrometric survey is only used to determine contents of uranium, thorium and potassium, by reason of applying gamma ray spectrometry later than developing instruments, can't obtaining full spectrum because of the problem of stabilizing gamma ray spectrometric peaks, and it is impercipient for field gamma ray spectrometry.

作者分析了国内外野外地面伽玛射线全谱测量存在的问题主要是：（1）目前国内外野外地面伽玛能谱测量中主要使用四道能谱仪，仅利用能量大于1000keV的伽玛射线，通过数个谱段的读数结果，计算铀、钍、钾的含量，而没有利用伽玛射线全谱，使80％以上的伽玛射线能谱信息摒弃未用。

X-ray ,which is excited from the X ray tube, has one wavelength scope, that is energy scope. According to the elements to be analyzed, X ray is choused by filter, and reach the sample. Atoms in the sample will absorb the X ray energy and the decay to emit the special x ray. The X ray will be collected by the collimator into the detector active area, and transferred into electron signal, the signal also will be processed in to energy spectrum and related concentration data by pulse processor with software.

从X光管通过激发Excitation发射出来一定波长范围也就是说一定能量范围的X射线，结合所需要分析的目标元素，使用滤光轮选择对应的能量范围的X射线，照射到样品上，样品中含有的元素原子电子受到激发会发射出其特征的X射线，同样通过Collimator准直器收集一定孔径的X射线进入到检测器Detector，检测器将感应到的X射线转换为电信号，电信号经过脉冲处理器Pulse Processor结合软件进一步将电信号转换成为能谱图以及相关浓度信息。

The study about the flux and index of gamma-ray loud blazars show:(1)there is significant correlation between the luminosities in gamma-ray and VLBI radio energy band;(2)there are strong anticorrelarions among the observed indices of soft X-ray, hard X-ray and gamma-ray. For the FSRQs, the whole X-ray emission was contributed by synchrotron self-Compton emission, for the HBLs, the X-ray emission was dominated by synchrotron emission while the soft X-ray emission is dominated by synchrotron emission and the SSC emission dominate the hard X-ray energy band for LBLs;(3) there are strong radio-radio and radio-optical flux correlations for the quasar 3C 273. The higher frequency emission leads those in lower frequency. The multi-band complex indices strongly correlated with the high frequency flux which implies that the object is becoming bright when the energy spectrum is harden.

通过对γ噪Blazar天体的谱指数、流量的相关研究，发现（1）51个样本blazar的γ射线光度与VLBI光度之间存在显著相关；（2）软X、硬X以及γ波段的观测谱指数之间存在较强的反相关，对FSRQs，无论是硬X射线还是软X射线的辐射都是逆康普顿辐射的贡献，而对于HBLs来说，则是同步辐射的贡献，对LBLs，在软X射线波段以同步辐射贡献为主，在硬X射线能区以逆康普顿贡献为主；（3）3C 273的射电各个波段以及光学之间存在强相关，高频辐射一直领先低频辐射，3C 273的多波段复合谱指数和高频流量之间存在强的反相关，意味着当能谱变硬时对象变亮。

Including clinical breast X-ray machine technology applications, digital breast X-ray machine performance testing and evaluation methods and projects, digital breast X-ray machine and traditional breast X-ray machine of distinction contrast, Finland Planmed high frequency of breast X-ray photography Clinical application, the new mammography X-ray machines and mammography in the diagnosis of the research topic.

包括乳腺X线机临床技术应用，数字乳腺X线机的性能测试方法及项目与评价，数字乳腺X线机与传统乳腺X线机的临床区别对比，芬兰Planmed型高频乳腺机X线摄影技术临床应用，新型钼靶X线机在乳腺摄影及诊断中的应用等研究课题。

While many of the cast from the original show returned, they were unable to secure David Marciano to continue his role as Ray Vecchio.

当该片的原班人马重新登上舞台时，David Marciano没能保住他的角色Ray Vecchio。

Incumbent Mayor Ray Nagin and Lt. Gov. Mitch Landrieu are the candidates in the run-off election.

现任市长Ray Nagin和代理政府官员Mitch Landrieu 成为第二轮的后选者。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。