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To reduce or remove size effect, the size classification elimination method, volume average method and normalization method based on volume were presented and the calibration and prediction results indicate that these three methods could reduce or remove the size effect effectively. The normalization method is more suit to in-line application and obtained better calibration and prediction results with the r of 0.789, 0.858 and 0.947, the RMSEC of 0.596, 0.499 and 0.313, and the RMSEP of 0.606, 0.686 and 0.413 than the results without normalization with the r of 0.716, 0.793 and 0.848, the RMSEC of 0.678, 0.592 and 0.515 and the RMSEP of 0.825, 0.764 and 0.714 for the original spectra, the first derivative spectra and the second derivative spectra with soluble solids content using partial least square method , respectively. 4. Owing to much thick skin of watermelon, contrast experiment was conducted in skin-peeled watermelon and intact watermelon to compare the influence of skin on spectra.

针对西瓜果型大且差异显著的特点，研究果型差异对可见／近红外光谱以及建模与预测结果的影响，并提出三种方法消除或减小这一影响因素，分别是分级消除法、体积平均法和基于体积的正则化方法，其中基于体积的正则化方法，更适合在线生产应用，该方法使果型大小差异明显样品的原始光谱、一阶微分光谱、二阶微分光谱在对可溶性固形物含量检测时，采用偏最小二乘法的建模与预测结果由原来的校正相关系数r分别为0.716、0.793、0.848提高到r分别为0.789、0.858、0.947，均方根校正标准偏差RMSEC由原来的0.678、0.592、0.515分别降为0.596、0.499、0.313，均方根预测标准偏差RMSEP由原来的0.825、0.764、0.714分别降为0.606、0.686、0.413； 4。

The prevalence of character limitations was significantly higher in left-behind children (64.4%) than in non-left-behind group (47.6%; x^2=21.25, P.01). The depressive symptoms score of the left-behind children was significant higher (40.4%) than that of the non left-behind group (27.8%;χ^2=13.78, P.01). Scores of EPQP and EPQN were positivey correlated with scores of CES-DC scale (r=0.198, r=0.372; P.01). Ten variables influenceing the personality traits and depressive symptoms of children were age, sex, peer interaction, parents' expectation for children, consanguineous marriage of parents satisfaction to family condition, self-estimate, academic achievement, frequency of meeting with the parents, and psychiatric history of family.

结果 留守儿童精神质、神经质得分分别为(5.25±2.56)，(9.48±5.33)分，高于非留守儿童的(4.79±2.16)，(8.10±497)分，差异有统计学意义(P.05， P.01)；留守儿童个性偏差检出率为64.4%，高于非留守儿童的47.6%(χ^2=21.25， P.01)；抑郁症状检出率为40.4%，高于非留守儿童的27.8%(χ^2=13.78， P.05)； CES-DC得分(18.24±8.65)分，高于非留守儿童的(15.85±7.45)分(P.01)；相关分析提示，EPQ中精神质、神经质量表与CES-DC呈正相关(r=0.198， r=0.372， P.01)；儿童性别、年龄、同伴交往、父母近亲结婚、家庭状况满意度、自我评价、学习成绩、与父母见面频率、父母期望、精神病家族史共10个变量影响着留守儿童的个性和抑郁情绪。

The 4th left rib was cut and a model of left coronary artery occlusion/release was carried outo Rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control group without LCA occlusion (group A, n=6);I/R group(group B, n=6); ketamine(5mg.kg-1)+I/R group (group C, n=6); ketamine(10mg.kg-1)+I/R group(group D,n=6)o All rats in groups B, C , D were subjected to 30 minutes of LCA occlusion followed by 120minutes of reperfusion. Rats in group C and D were injected with 5mg.kg-1 and 10mg.kg-1 of ketamine before reperfusion, respectively. Significant electrocardiogram and color changes at the area at risk were considered indicative of successful coronary occlusion and reperfusionc Serum was exampled from left jugular vein at 30 minutes and 120 minutes during reperfusion to measure IL-6 and TNF- level by ELISA measurements. After reperfusion of 120 minutes, the heart was removed and the cardiac apex was exampled with snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70 C .

采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎开放建立心肌缺血／再灌注模型，健康SD大鼠24只，随机分为心包打开假手术组(A组，n=6)，缺血／再灌注对照组(B组，n=6)，5 mg·kg~(-1)氯胺酮+缺血／再灌注组C组，n=6，缺血30min后右腹股静脉注入5 mg·kg~(-1氯胺酮，10mg·kg~(-1)KTM+I／R组D组，n=6，缺血30min后右腹股静脉注入10 mg·kg~(-1氯胺酮。10％水合氯醛40 mg·kg~(-1)腹腔注射麻醉，气管切开，连接多功能监护仪记录心电图；小动物呼吸机人工呼吸，呼吸频率60次／分，潮气量2ml／100g，于左胸第四肋间打开胸腔暴露心脏，在左心耳下1mm左冠状动脉处，用丝线，眼科外用不锈钢小圆针穿过心肌浅层，稳定10min后将U型含有铜丝的胶管置于冠状动脉表面一起结扎(A组不结扎，B、C、D组结扎)；结扎开始左心室心尖部即由红色变暗，30 min后呈暗红色，心电图中出现S-T段抬高，说明缺血形成。

Ohmic'.'' resistance and reactance, and usually represented in complex notation as Z= R+ iX, where R is the ''.'ohmic'.'' resistance and X is the reactance.

欧姆'。''电阻抗和电抗两部分组成，在复合的标记中通常表示为：z＝r＋ix，其中r是电阻抗，x是电抗

A measure of the total opposition to current flow in an alternating current circuit,made up of two components,ohmic resistance and reactance,and usually represented in complex notation as Z=R+iX,where R is the ohmic resistance and X is the reactance.

全电阻在交流电路中电流所遇到的所有阻抗的度量单位，由欧姆电阻抗和电抗两部分组成，在复合的标记中通常表示为：Z＝R＋iX，其中R是电阻抗，X是电抗

A measure of the total opposition to current flow in an alternating current circuit, made up of two components, ohmic resistance and reactance, and usually represented in complex notation as Z = R + iX, where R is the ohmic resistance and X is the reactance.

全电阻：在交流电路中电流所遇到的所有阻抗的度量单位，由欧姆电阻抗和电抗两部分组成，在复合符号中通常表示为 Z = R + iX，其中 R 是电阻抗， X 是电抗

After the successful launch of the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile, R-7 (August 21, 1957), launches of the first Earth artificial satellites were performed, as well as launches of spacecraft of various purpose using modified R-7 missiles.

继世界上首枚洲际弹道导弹R-7（1957年8月21日）成功发射，最初的人造地球卫星和各种用途的航天器的发射也由R-7导弹的改进型实现了。

His argument that\r\nmodernisation does not necessarily entail Westernisation also looks\r\nprescient: why should the Chinese embrace the American economic model\r\nwhen it seems to produce such economic havoc?

而其\&现代化\&不必牵涉\&西化\&的观点也颇具远见：既\r\n然美国经济模式可能导致这样一场经济浩劫，中国人又为何非得走美国的老路呢？

The 590 km R-2 could not even reach American military bases in Japan, and the atomic warhead under development exceeded the R-2's throw weight limit of 950 kg.

射程590公里的R-2导弹甚至无法打到美国在日本的军事基地，研制中的核弹头重量上也超出了R-2导弹950公斤的投射能力。

The r.m.s. deviations of bond length are 0.0016 nm and 0.0014 nm, the r.m.s.

键长的r.m.s。偏差分别为0.0016nm和0.0014nm，键角的r.m.s。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。