查询词典 Promoter

ARID (AT-rich interaction domain) protein is a transcription factor family in higher eukaryotes that regulates cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. Specificity of DNA binding ability in this family prefers AT-rich sequences, but some ARID family proteins are not sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins or they do not bind AT-rich sequences. We found two genes that encode ARID in Giardia lamblia genome database, garid1 and garid2. We analyzed the function of garid1 first. AU1-tagged gARID1 was found to localize to nuclei. During encystation, gARID1 mRNA level decreased emphatically, but protein level increased. We also found that gARID1 can bind AT-rich initiator of the cwp1 promoter by EMSA. Mutation analysis revealed gARID1 binding sequence was AGATC and AATAAAATA. We used ChIP to demonstrate that gARID1 can bind cwp1 gene promoter in vivo.

ARID(AT-rich interaction domain)蛋白质家族是真核生物的一种转因子，在许多同种的真核生物有它的同源基因，这个家族的蛋白质通常与调控细胞的生长、发育和分化的作用有关，而这个家族的蛋白质和DNA的结合能，各种ARID蛋白质的专一性尽相同，过大致上偏好於和AT-rich的序结合；我们已经在形鞭毛虫的基因组中找到个含有ARID 的基因，分别是garid1和garid2，我们首先对於garid1做分析；将AU1标记接到gARID1转染形鞭毛虫，用免疫萤光染色可发现gARID1存在於细胞核中。gARID1的讯息RNA在囊体化后会明显下，过其阳性染色和蛋白质表现有明显增加；EMSA实验中也发现gARID1会明显的与cwp1基因启动子之AT-rich initiator结合，经由突变序分析，也显示gARID1的结合序为AGATC和AATAAAATA，随后我们也用ChIP证明gARID1在细胞内也的确会和cwp1基因的启动子结合。

For constructing strong combined promoter to enhance the foreign gene expression in Fowlpox virus vector, four oligonucleotides were synthesized according to the essential structure of the vaccinia virus nature promoter P7.5 and were used for generating early and late promoters.

要提高外源基因在鸡痘病毒载体的表达量，必须使用强启动子来控制表达。为构建较强的启动子组合，根据痘苗病毒天然启动子P7.5的结构，人工合成4条寡核苷酸，形成一个早期启动子和一个晚期启动子，其首尾可相互连接。

It was found that Pd-Co/active carbon catalyst was the optimal catalyst, and Pd-Co/γ-Al2O3 was also good, but silica and kieselguhr were not proper carriers for the object reaction, because of their stronger surface acidity, which could result in the formation of polymer, jammed the micro pores of catalyst, and then resulted in its deactivation. Addition of Bi, Ce and Cu promoters could not improve the activity of catalyst, but La and Ba promoter could enhance the activity of catalyst apparently, and the Co was the best promoter, especially Co was impregnate in advance. It was attributed to that the pre-impregnated Co may occupy the micro pores of active carbon, and cover some bad functional groups on the surface of catalyst, so that the active and selectivity of catalyst could be enhanced obviously.

研究结果表明，Pd-Co/活性炭催化剂是目标转移加氢反应的最适宜催化剂，Pd-Co/γ-Al203效果也较好，而硅胶和硅藻土由于表面酸性较强，容易造成生成聚合物而堵塞催化剂微孔、使催化剂迅速失活；此外，添加Bi、Ce、Cu等助剂时对活性并无改善作用，而添加La和Ba助剂时可使Pd的催化活性有所提高，效果最好的是Co助剂，尤其是先浸渍Co的Pd-Co/C催化剂，原因是Co占据了活性炭的微孔、覆盖了某些对目标反应不利的官能团，使其活性和选择性都有较大幅度的提高。

Isolation, Sequence Analysis, and Preliminary Functional Studies of a Novel Bidirectional Promoter, Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Promoter

棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton Leaf Curl Virus， CLCuV)是新近发现的一种单链DNA病毒即双生病毒，最近几年在印巴次大陆危害严重。

And to examine over-expression of PPARγ in liver by liver-specific L-FABP promoter and ubiquitous expression by EF-1αpromoter could induce lipogenesis and result in steatosis ?

本篇研究的目的在於肝脏专一性表现PPARγ是否有能力使肝脏脂肪化，以及在脂肪肝形成中扮演什麼样的角色。

The promoter activity of 13th and 26lh passages of EIAV_ LTR were higher than EIAV_ and EIAV_D LTRs in equine macrophages and fetal donkey dermal cells, and the promoter activity of EIAV_D LTR was the lowest.

第13、26代EIAV_ LTR的启动子活性在马巨噬细胞和驴胎皮肤细胞中显著高于EIAV_、EIAV_D LTR的启动子活性，EIAV_D LTR的活性最低。

Methods:The luciferase reporter plasmids of MDM2 P2 promoter containing different SNP309 were contructed,and cotransfected into CV-1 cells with AML1-ETO,AML1 and SP1 expression plasmid.The transactivities of luciferase were assayed by luminometer to determine the impact of AML1,AML1-ETO,and SP1 on MDM2 P2 promoter.

研究方法：构建含不同SNP309位点的MDM2 P2启动子的报告质粒，与AML1-ETO、AML1以及SP1的表达质粒单独或共转染CV-1细胞，测定荧光素酶的活性，分析AML1-ETO、AML1以及SP1对MDM2 P2启动子的影响。

Sequence of the MDK promoter/enhancer with Runt domainbinding sites was amplified from the human genome DNA anddirectionally cloned into pGL3-Basic Luciferase and pGL3-PromoterLuciferase reporter vectors to construct the MKP_- pGL3-Basic andMKP _-pGL3-Promoter expression plasmids.

研究方法：1。应用实时定量逆转录PCRreal-time quantitiveRT-PCR(RQ-RT-PCR，对181例急性白血病患者，其中初诊及复发患者158例、完全缓解患者23例，31例正常人骨髓标本进行了MK转录本的检测。2。

In the study of methylation of APC promoter region by MSP, we found that APC promoter was methylated.

甲基专一聚合酵素链锁反应的结果则显示病人的APC基因有被甲基化情形。

Using rice Actl promoter or maize Ubil promoter,three monocot expression vectors,pMG6,pMG7 andpMG15,were constructed together with the bar or hpt as selective marker.

利用水稻Act1启动子或玉米Ubil启动子，为GFM cryIA基因构建了带有bar或hpt选择标记基因的植物表达载体pMG6、pMG7和pMG15。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。