查询词典 Promoter

Here, we inserted the RRD3 fragment into the plant promoter-capture vector, pCAMBIA1391Z, and examined whether the RRD3 fragment has promoter activity in plants. Transgenic tobacco and rice calli both showed β-glucuronidase activity, indicating that RRD3 can act as a promoter in both monocot and dicot plants.

我们将RRD3片段插入到植物启动子捕获载体pCAMBIA1391Z中，检测RRD3片段是否在植物中也有启动子活性，转基因烟草再生植株和水稻愈伤组织均显示了gusA基因的表达，表明其在单子叶和双子叶植物中均可行使启动子功能。

Methods: The human KDR promoter (-225 bp~+127 bp) was cloned by PCR. Subsequently, a recombinant adenoviral plasmid carrying KDR promoter for the HSV-tk gene was constructed with the AdEasy system. As a control, the plasmid pAdCMV-tk carrying CMV promoter for the HSV-tk gene was also constructed. 293 packaging cells were transfected by both newly-constructed plasmids and the infectious viruses AdKDR-tk and AdCMV-tk were generated. Then the KDR-producing cells and the KDR nonproducing cells (HepG2) were infected with AdKDR-tkand AdCMV-tk, followed by ganciclovir administration.

应用PCR克隆出人KDR基因启动子序列－225bp~+127bp，以AdEasy system为载体，构建携带受KDR启动子或CMV启动子调控tk基因表达的2种重组腺病毒质粒pAdKDR-tk和pAdCMV-tk，在293细胞中包装、扩增后，体外感染表达KDR的脐静脉血管内皮细胞系HUVEC和不表达KDR的肝癌细胞系HepG2，并给予不同浓度的丙氧鸟苷处理，5d后收集存活细胞并计数。

RESULTS: APC promoter 1A was methylated in NCI-H460 cells, and unmethylated in NCI-H446 and SPC-A1 cells. Hypermethylation was detected in all 5 CpG islands (687, 707, 714, 719, 726) of APC promoter 1A in NCI-H460 cells. The expression of APC in NCI-H460 cells was decreased by 26.04% of that in NCI-H446 cells and by 32.36% of that in SPCA1 cells. After treatment of 1, 5, 10, 15μmol/L 5-aza-dC, the expression of APC promoter 1A in NCI-H460 cells was enhanced by 4.59, 5.78, 9.58, 5.98 folds, respectively.

结果：SPC-A1和NCI-H446细胞APC甲基化阴性，NCI-H460细胞APC甲基化阳性；甲基化芯片检测Ncl-H460细胞在APC启动子1A 5个CpG位点均存在甲基化(687、707、714、719、726)，SPC-A1和NCI-H446甲基化阴性，荧光定量结果NCI-H460的APC转录较SPC-A1和NCI-H446有明显的下降，仅为二者平均的30.04%；经5-aza-dC脱甲基化作用后，NCI-H460细胞的APC表达增加了约5~10倍，其中10μmol/L浓度作用下，APC表达增加最多。

These constructs, together with the construct containing the GUS gene expression cassette under the control of the Hsp70 promoter, were utilized in the co-bombardment experiments to identify viral cistrons that could activate the transcription directed by the Hsp70 promoter. We found that the P1, K2NIa and CP cistrons could independently activate the Hsp70 promoter.

用这些瞬时表达载体与含有Hsp70基因启动子指导下的GUS基因的表达载体共轰击豌豆叶片，发现P1、K2NIa和CP能诱导Hsp70基因启动子的转录活性，P1最强，K2NIa次之，而CP最弱，同时还发现P1基因的功能区域在127碱基以后。

The effects of catalyst, catalyst promoter, ratio and amount of catalyst and catalyst promoter, temperature, reaction time and pressure on the selectivity and yield of benzaldehyde have been investigated.

重点考察了催化剂种类、助催化剂种类、催化剂和助催化剂的配比和用量、反应温度、反应时间和反应压强等因素对苯甲醛的选择性和收率的影响。

New strategies for breeding seedless plants have been proposed by using these genes. These include expression of some cytotoxin genes or genes for production of hormones in plants under the control of seed_coat_specific promoter or ovary_specific promoter and "terminator technology" etc. It's clear that these transgenic methods will be introduced into a wider range of fruit and vegetables in the future.

应用这些目的基因，已建立了转基因生产无籽果实的新策略，如在种皮或子房特异性启动子控制下的生长素基因或细胞毒素基因的表达及"终止子"技术的运用等，这将大规模地促进蔬菜和水果生产，提高果蔬产品的市场价值。

ARID (AT-rich interaction domain) protein is a transcription factor family in higher eukaryotes that regulates cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. Specificity of DNA binding ability in this family prefers AT-rich sequences, but some ARID family proteins are not sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins or they do not bind AT-rich sequences. We found two genes that encode ARID in Giardia lamblia genome database, garid1 and garid2. We analyzed the function of garid1 first. AU1-tagged gARID1 was found to localize to nuclei. During encystation, gARID1 mRNA level decreased emphatically, but protein level increased. We also found that gARID1 can bind AT-rich initiator of the cwp1 promoter by EMSA. Mutation analysis revealed gARID1 binding sequence was AGATC and AATAAAATA. We used ChIP to demonstrate that gARID1 can bind cwp1 gene promoter in vivo.

ARID(AT-rich interaction domain)蛋白质家族是真核生物的一种转因子，在许多同种的真核生物有它的同源基因，这个家族的蛋白质通常与调控细胞的生长、发育和分化的作用有关，而这个家族的蛋白质和DNA的结合能，各种ARID蛋白质的专一性尽相同，过大致上偏好於和AT-rich的序结合；我们已经在形鞭毛虫的基因组中找到个含有ARID 的基因，分别是garid1和garid2，我们首先对於garid1做分析；将AU1标记接到gARID1转染形鞭毛虫，用免疫萤光染色可发现gARID1存在於细胞核中。gARID1的讯息RNA在囊体化后会明显下，过其阳性染色和蛋白质表现有明显增加；EMSA实验中也发现gARID1会明显的与cwp1基因启动子之AT-rich initiator结合，经由突变序分析，也显示gARID1的结合序为AGATC和AATAAAATA，随后我们也用ChIP证明gARID1在细胞内也的确会和cwp1基因的启动子结合。

For constructing strong combined promoter to enhance the foreign gene expression in Fowlpox virus vector, four oligonucleotides were synthesized according to the essential structure of the vaccinia virus nature promoter P7.5 and were used for generating early and late promoters.

要提高外源基因在鸡痘病毒载体的表达量，必须使用强启动子来控制表达。为构建较强的启动子组合，根据痘苗病毒天然启动子P7.5的结构，人工合成4条寡核苷酸，形成一个早期启动子和一个晚期启动子，其首尾可相互连接。

It was found that Pd-Co/active carbon catalyst was the optimal catalyst, and Pd-Co/γ-Al2O3 was also good, but silica and kieselguhr were not proper carriers for the object reaction, because of their stronger surface acidity, which could result in the formation of polymer, jammed the micro pores of catalyst, and then resulted in its deactivation. Addition of Bi, Ce and Cu promoters could not improve the activity of catalyst, but La and Ba promoter could enhance the activity of catalyst apparently, and the Co was the best promoter, especially Co was impregnate in advance. It was attributed to that the pre-impregnated Co may occupy the micro pores of active carbon, and cover some bad functional groups on the surface of catalyst, so that the active and selectivity of catalyst could be enhanced obviously.

研究结果表明，Pd-Co/活性炭催化剂是目标转移加氢反应的最适宜催化剂，Pd-Co/γ-Al203效果也较好，而硅胶和硅藻土由于表面酸性较强，容易造成生成聚合物而堵塞催化剂微孔、使催化剂迅速失活；此外，添加Bi、Ce、Cu等助剂时对活性并无改善作用，而添加La和Ba助剂时可使Pd的催化活性有所提高，效果最好的是Co助剂，尤其是先浸渍Co的Pd-Co/C催化剂，原因是Co占据了活性炭的微孔、覆盖了某些对目标反应不利的官能团，使其活性和选择性都有较大幅度的提高。

Isolation, Sequence Analysis, and Preliminary Functional Studies of a Novel Bidirectional Promoter, Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Promoter

棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton Leaf Curl Virus， CLCuV)是新近发现的一种单链DNA病毒即双生病毒，最近几年在印巴次大陆危害严重。

Salt is good, but if the salt becomes flat and tasteless, with what do you season it?

14：33 盐本是好的，盐若失了味，可用什么叫它再咸呢？

He reiterated that the PLA is an army of the people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

他重申，人民解放军是在中国共产党领导下的人民军队。