查询词典 Penicillium

The substance extracted showed some antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtil, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, penicillium, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.0625, 0.0625, 0.0313, 0.125, 0.25 mg/ml, and minimum bactericidal concentrations was 0.25, 0.125, 0.0313, 0.25, 0.5 mg/ml respectively.

该提取液对金色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、黑曲霉、青霉都有明显的抑菌效果，最低抑菌浓度分别为：0.062 5，0.062 5，0.031 3，0.15，0.25 mg/ml；最小杀菌浓度为0.25，0.125，0.031 3，0.5，0.25 mg/ml。

Methods Indirect immnofluorescence assay was applied to identify specificity of the two groups of monoclonal antibodies prepared with crude antigen and recombinant antigen of Aspergillus fumigatus,respectively.Two different double monoclonal antibody sandwich ELISA assays established with the two groups of antibodies were performed to detect antigents in the cell culture supermatants of 19 common species of Aspergillus,Penicillium marneffei,and 5 species of Candidas.

采用天然烟曲霉抗原免疫，获得广谱针对曲霉抗原的单克隆抗体；采用重组烟曲霉抗原获得特异性针对烟曲霉抗原的单克隆抗体，用间接免疫荧光鉴定，并分别建立2种双抗体夹心ELISA法，对19种常见的环境和临床分离曲霉株、马尔尼菲氏青霉菌及念珠菌培养液进行检测。

objective to establish immunological methods specific for detecting antigens in different groups of monoclonal antibodies.methods indirect immnofluorescence assay was applied to identify specificity of the two groups of monoclonal antibodies prepared with crude antigen and recombinant antigen of aspergillus fumigatus,respectively.two different double monoclonal antibody sandwich elisa assays established with the two groups of antibodies were performed to detect antigents in the cell culture supermatants of 19 common species of aspergillus,penicillium marneffei,and 5 species of candidas.results the results of indirect immnofluorescence assay indicated that the monoclonal antibodies prepared with crude antigen of aspergillus fumigatus were specific for antigens in both clinical isolates and environmental isolates of aspergillus, whereas the other group of monoclonal antibodies was proved to be specific for aspergillus fumigatus of both clinical and environmental isolates.the elisa assay established with the crude antigen-specfic monoclonal antibodies could detect both of the clinical and environmental isolates of aspergllius, while the other assay could only detect aspergillus fumigatus of both clinical and environmental isolates.and no cross reaction with the cell culture of penialllium marneffei and candidas was observed with the two methods.conclusion the elisa assays can detect both of the clinical and environmental isolates of aspergillus,and differentiate aspergillus fumigatus from other species of aspergillus.

目的 用2组曲霉单克隆抗体建立特异性识别不同种类曲霉抗原的检测方法。方法采用天然烟曲霉抗原免疫，获得广谱针对曲霉抗原的单克隆抗体；采用重组烟曲霉抗原获得特异性针对烟曲霉抗原的单克隆抗体，用间接免疫荧光鉴定，并分别建立2种双抗体夹心elisa法，对19种常见的环境和临床分离曲霉株、马尔尼菲氏青霉菌及念珠菌培养液进行检测。结果间接免疫荧光显示，用天然烟曲霉抗原免疫获得的单克隆抗体(mabs-1)可广谱识别多种曲霉分离株，而重组烟曲霉抗原获得的单克降抗体(mabs-2)仅能特异性结合临床和环境分离的烟曲霉抗原。用mabs-1建立的双抗体夹心elisa法可检测19种常见曲霉株培养液；用特异性针对烟曲霉抗原单克降抗体(mabs-2)建立的双抗体夹心elisa法可特异性检测临床和环境分离株烟曲霉培养液；与其他曲霉株无交叉反应；2种双抗体夹心elisa法与马尔尼菲氏青霉菌及念珠菌培养液均无交叉反应。

The result of the antibacterial and antifungal assay shows that thirty five strains of the endofungi (58.3% of total tested strains) have antibacterial activities, the active strains mostly belong to sterile groups (51.4% of active strains), Penicillium (8.6%), Aspergillus (8.6%), Fusarium(8.6%); forty nine strains (81.7% of total tested strains) have antifungal activites, most of them belong to sterile groups (44.9% of active strains), and Gloeosporium (17.1%).

结果 共有35株内生真菌具有抗细菌活性，占待侧菌株总数的58.3%，其中以不产孢类、青霉属、曲霉属、镰孢属为主，分别占活性菌株总数的 51.4%、8.6%、8.6%、8.6%；共有49株内生真菌具有抗真菌活性，占待侧菌株总数的81.7%，其中以不产孢类和盘长孢属为主，分别占活性菌株总数的44.9%、17.1%。

Objective To study the effects of heat-killed Penicillium marneffei on the expressions of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4),toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and dendritic cell associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1)and the production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α.

目的 研究马尔尼菲青霉对巨噬细胞模式识别受体TLR-2、TLR-4、Dectin-1的表达及促炎因子TNF-α分泌的影响。

Objective To study the effects of heat-killed Penicillium marneffei on the expressions of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4),toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and dendritic cell associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1)and the production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α.

办法马尔尼菲青霉酵母相菌液与小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞共培养24h，采用流式细胞技术检测巨噬细胞TLR-2、TLR-4及Dectin-1的平均荧光强度；共聚焦显微镜观察荧光染色的受体；ELISA法测定培养液上清中TNF-α的浓度；Real time PCR检测不同时间段TNF-α的mRNA表达。

The microorganisms was domesticated by adding a certain amount of lead in the soil, and three lead-tolerant strains including Pb-R-1, Pb-R-2 and Pb-H-3 accordingly originating from 300 mg/L, 750 mg/L and 900 mg/L lead medium were isolated with a series of PDA medium of different lead concentrations. Through the identification, Pb-R-2 was confirmed as Aspergillus sp., Pb-R-3 as Penicillium sp. The trials of transferring culture showed that all strains had the stable heredity of lead tolerance in different composition PDA medium.

通过向土壤中添加一定量的铅来驯化土壤微生物，然后利用一系列不同铅浓度的PDA培养基分离耐铅微生物，结果获得一株耐300 mg/L铅的细菌Pb-R-1和二株分别耐750 mg/L和900 mg/L铅的真菌Pb-R-2和Pb-R-3，通过鉴定得知，Pb-R-2菌株为曲霉，Pb-R-3菌株为青霉；不同成分培养基传代培养实验表明，3个菌株有稳定的耐铅遗传性；通过液体悬浮培养获得：Pb-R-1、Pb-R-2和Pb-R-3对Pb(上标 2+)的吸附率依次为35.5%、75.5%和48.2%。

Objective Observe the effect of temperature,pH and their interaction on Penicillium citreoviridin's toxin production in laboratory.

择要： 目的在尝试室前提下不雅察看温度、pH对黄绿青霉菌产毒的影响及其交互浸染。

Griseofulvin is an antifungal antibiotic produced by various species of Penicillium. It is a spindle poison which could interfere with the organization of microtubules at mitosis or other processes mediated by the microtubules networks.

Griseofulvin目前是一种被广泛使用的口服抗霉菌药物，现已知道GF有抗癌的效果，其主要的作用机制是经由干扰微小管的聚合，来达到使细胞凋亡的目的。

Other major figures: Gerhard Domagk (who found that the red dye Prontosil cured strep infections, which led to the development of the sulfa drugs); Alexander Fleming (who stumbled onto the inhibition of Staph bacteria by a mold, Penicillium); Howard Florey and Ernst Chain (who purified penicillin for clinical use); Rene Dubos (who found an antibiotic in an organism in the soil); and Selman Waksman (who searched systematically among soil organisms for antibiotics and there discovered the second clinically important antibiotic, streptomycin).

其他的重要人物：Gerhard Domagk（发现红色染料偶氮磺胺可以治愈链球菌属感染，发展成为磺胺类药物）；Alexander Fleming（偶然发现霉菌，青霉菌，可以抑制葡萄球菌属细菌）；Howard Florey 和 Ernst Chain（纯化了青霉素将其应用到临床）；Rene Dubos（在土壤里一种生物体力发现了一种抗生素）；还有Selman Waksman（系统研究土壤有机体和抗生素，发现了临床第二重要的抗生素，链霉素

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。