查询词典 PLATO

Some of the greatest figures of Western cultural and intellectual history lived in Athens during this period: the dramatists Aeschylus, Aristophanes, Euripides, and Sophocles, the philosophers Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates, the historians Herodotus, Thucydides, and Xenophon, the poet Simonides and the sculptor Pheidias.

一些西方文明史和智慧史上最伟大的人物生活在这个时期的雅典：剧作家埃斯库罗斯，阿里斯托芬，Euripides，Sophocles；哲学家亚里士多德，柏拉图，苏格拉底；历史学家希罗多德，休昔里德斯和色诺芬以及诗人西摩尼德斯和雕塑家菲迪亚斯。

Plato contended that channels of hot and cold waters flow in inexhaustible quantities through subterranean rivers. In the depths of the earth snakes a vast river of fire, the Pyriphlegethon, which feeds all the world's volcanoes.

柏拉图辩驳道：热水和冷水源源不断地流过地下河，在地球深处必然隐藏着一条巨大的火河，这条火河就是火山之火的源头。

They appear in Plato's Republic and Gorgias, respectively, where they argue that"justice"is established by whoever is strong enough to enforce it; self-interest is therefore the only rational course and compulsion the only reason for obediece to authority.

他们分别在柏拉图的《理想国》和《高尔吉亚篇》中出现过，他们认为&正义&是由任何强大到可以使由之的人所建立的；因此自立是唯一理性的做法，而强迫是服从于权威的唯一原因。

Plato's description that, beyond the Pillars of Hercules, there is a huge island which is the size of two continents can only be met by the Americas.

在柏拉图的叙述中，越过海神之柱，就能看到一个两洲大的岛屿，那除了是美洲，不可能是别的东西

Sometimes, as in the "Phaedrus", Plato teaches the doctrine of plurality of souls (cf. the well-known allegory of the charioteer and the two steeds in that dialogue).

有时，如在& Phaedrus &，柏拉图的理论教导多元化的灵魂（参见众所周知的charioteer寓言和两个骏在这一对话）。

Plato in his Symposium and Phaedrus argued that love begins with a desire for personal beauty, but its spiritual ascent culminates in a desire for beauty in itself, that is the love of wisdom.

柏拉图在他的《会饮篇》和《裴多篇》中论证说：爱始于对人的美貌的期待，但其精神会最终升华到对自身中的美的期望，这就是爱智慧。

In Plato's Phaedrus, Socrates bemoaned the development of writing. He feared that, as people came to rely on the written word as a substitute for the knowledge they used to carry inside their heads, they would, in the words of one of the dialogue's characters,"cease to exercise their memory and become forgetful."

在柏拉图的《对话费德罗篇》中，苏格拉底表达出其对于文字发展的不满，担心当人们开始依赖文字来替代原来储存于脑海中的知识的时候，用对话中另外一个人物的话来说，人们就会&不再运用他们的记忆力，从而变得健忘&。

The "Chalcedonian giant," Thrasymachus, of whom we have already heard in the Phaedrus, is the personification of the Sophists, according to Plato's conception of them, in some of their worst characteristics.

那个&来自卡尔西顿的巨人&斯拉斯马科斯，我们在《斐德罗》已经听到过他的辩论，按照柏拉图对智者学派的构想，他简直就是智者们丑恶嘴脸的活化身。

The reason for not revealing it to everyone is partially discussed in Phaedrus where Plato criticizes the written transmission of knowledge as faulty, favoring instead the spoken logos: he who has knowledge of the just and the good and beautiful ... will not, when in earnest, write them in ink, sowing them through a pen with words which cannot defend themselves by argument and cannot teach the truth effectually.

在《 斐德洛斯篇》中，柏拉图不分讨论了不向每一个人都公开的原因，其中他把成文的知识传播批评为罪过，相反，他支持言传理念：拥有正义、善与美知识的人…在最热忱的时候，不会形成文字，通过写字的笔来传播知识，不能用论据来为自己辩护，也不能有效地传授真理。

Plato's mathematical entity, Aristotle's essential entity, René Descartes' atom for his viewpoint of mechanics, Ostwald's energy, and Bernard's internal milieu were all the explanations for the eternal entity.

柏拉图的&数学实体&、亚里士多德的&基质&、笛卡尔力学自然观的&原子&、奥斯特瓦尔德的&能量&、伯纳德的&内部环境&，都是对这种&不变的实体&的诠释。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。