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Visual Rice Growth Models system represented an effort to design crop modeling software with object-oriented paradigm and to organize classes in system with model-document-view architecture. Firstly, the crop-environment system was abstracted as many subsystems and physiological processes with object-oriented paradigm while many classes were established to simulate the behaviors of these subsystems and physiological processes. In VRGM, the document-view architecture in Visual C++ was extended as model-document-view architecture for agricultural integrated system. In the model-document-view architecture, document gets the final simulation results by manipulating the models classes and acts as a communicating intermediacy between model and view. Views display the simulation results and translate users' operation and data entering to document. The architecture separates the domain models, data management and user interface.

中文题名可视水稻生长模型与智能栽培专家系统的研制副题名外文题名 Studies on visual rice growth models and cultivation expert system of computational intelligence 论文作者米湘成导师邹应斌研究员学科专业作物栽培学与耕作学研究领域\研究方向作物模拟与专家系统学位级别博士学位授予单位湖南农业大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数64页关键词作物生长模拟生长模型水稻馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S126 /2 本研究系国家"九五"攻关项目"水稻大面积高产综合配套技术研究与示范"课题的子专题，并结合水稻高产栽培技术资料和水稻专家的知识、经验以及科研成果，研制成了可视水稻生长模型(Visual Rice Growth Models，VRGM)及水稻高产栽培专家系统，并在此基础上进一步利用人工神经网络模型、模糊逻辑技术和田间栽培试验，对生长模型和专家系统进行了改进。

Base on the threshold voltage model presented, an intrinsic drain current model in strong inversion region is developed, which can describe the short-channel effects such as DIBL and charge-sharing effect well, and give special considerations for mobility, velocity saturation, channel length modulation and quantum effect. Based on the front interface surface potential model, a formula of unified inversion charge is derived, and an intrinsic drain current model in middle inversion region is developed.

利用所提出的深亚微米FD器件正、背界面表面势模型，建立了一个能够完整描述深亚微米FD器件本征亚阈漏电流特性的模型，能够准确地描述DIBL效应和背沟道漏电效应；利用所提出的阈值电压模型，建立了深亚微米全耗尽器件的本征强反型电流模型，很好地描述包括DIBL效应、电荷分配效应在内的小尺寸效应，对迁移率、速度饱和效应、沟道长度调制效应和量子效应进行了特别的考虑；利用所提出的深亚微米FD器件正界面表面势模型，推导了统一反型层电荷公式，建立了深亚微米FD器件的本征中反型漏电流模型。

The reference crop evapotranspiration(ET0) in Guanzhong region was calculated with the Penman-Monteith equation. The change characteristics of meteorological factors and ET0 over year were analyzed. The regressing relation between ET0 and geography factors was established. Space distribution of ET0 based digital elevation model was obtained. The water consumption model of main cropes was established using the crop cofficient method. The irrigation water requirement of main crop and it's space distribution based DEM under the different precipitation probability was obtained, which advanced the calculation precision of ET0 from spot scal to regional scal. The concept of water consumption under the irrigational scal was proposed. The water consumption model of different water user and model of groundwater balance based on the water consumption of Baojixia irrigation district was established. Which can refects the relation between water utilization, water consumption and change amount of groundwater resouces.

深入分析了关中地区气象要素的变化趋势，用Penman-Montainth 公式计算了参考作物蒸发蒸腾量（ET0），建立了ET0与地理要素的多元回归关系，获得了基于数字高程模型DEM的关中地区ET0的空间分布图；用作物系数法建立了关中主要作物生育期耗水模型，获得了主要作物在不同降雨条件下的灌溉需水，以及基于DEM的主要作物灌溉需水空间分布图，提高了作物蒸发蒸腾量由点到面尺度转换过程中的估算精度；界定了灌区尺度的耗水量的概念，包括用水耗水和非用水耗水，建立了灌区耗水量计算模型及基于耗水量变化的浅层地下水均衡模型，能较好地反映灌区引水量、耗水量及地下水蓄变量之间的内在关系。

Four-node degenerated shell element and rigid shell element are used in our FEM model.Updated Lagrange formulation and rate form constitutive equation are adopted to solve the problem of large strain and large rotation in sheet forming process.Sheet metal material property is described by plastic anisotropy yielding model and isotropic hardening model.Master surface-slave surface contact model is used to define the contact between tools and blank.Contact constraints are enforced with a kinematic algorithm and friction stress is computed by Coulomb friction law.Dynamic relaxation method is used to treat springback after forming stroke.

四结点蜕化壳单元和刚体壳单元分别用来建立板和模具的有限元模型；更新Lagrange法和速率型本构关系被用来处理板料变形中的大应变和大转动；材料模型采用塑性各向异性屈服与等向强化模型；通过主从面模型定义板料和模具的接触，接触算法采用运动约束法，摩擦力用库仓定律计算；并利用动力松弛法对回弹过程进行了计算。

Migration of radioactive nuclides in groundwater of porous media is controlled not only by groundwater hydraulics, but also by many other physical, chemical processes. Nuclides transport model coupled chemical equilibrium action is to join convection-dispersion model and multicomponent chemical equilibrium model, it is different from traditional transport model based on K〓 completely in theory.

地下水中核素在多孔介质的迁移过程不仅受到水动力的控制，还受到多种物理化学作用的影响，耦合平衡化学作用的核素迁移模型就是把对流—弥散模型与多组分化学平衡模型有机地结合起来，这种模型与传统的基于K〓值的核素迁移模型在理论上是完全不同的。

The model prediction is also compared with other theoretical models, for example, the Hashin-Shtrikman model for elastic constants and Kerner and Schapery models for thermal expansion coefficient. The model proposed in the present study shows similar precision on the properties of composites as the elastic modulus ratio is lower than 10. However, the elastic modulus ratio is higher than 20, the model proposed in the present study shows improved prediction on the properties of two-phase composites.

并与文献上其他理论模式进行预测性质之比较，例如：用於预测弹性常数的Hashin-Shtrikman模式、以及用於预测热膨胀系数的Kerner 及 Schapery模式，经由比较结果显示，当弹性系数的比值小於10时，本研究所建立的模型之预测值与其他理论模式有相似的精确预测功能，但是当弹性系数的比值大於20时，对於双相复合材料之弹性及热膨胀性质预测，本研究所建立的模型具有较佳的预测结果。

The methods are as follows: the first is for Hammerstein-type nonlinear system model with known upper value of its order; the second is for the nonlinear system model based on the nonlinear Laguerre model derived from the Volterra series input-output presentation, and the third is for the Wiener-type nonlinear system model based on the combination of Laguerre function with neural networks.

给出了三类非线性系统的即时线性化自适应预测控制策略，即(1)已知非线性子系统阶次上限值的Hammerstein型非线性系统；(2)基于Volterra-Laguerre函数模型的非线性系统；(3)基于Laguerre函数与神经网络的组合模型的Wiener型非线性系统。

Based on AFCT, a new adaptive staring principle is established using floating threshold which is calculated by system reference model based on extrapolation method and linear regression algorithm. The principle of "forecasting model on line identifier"and"forecasting model parameters'selftuner"are put forward. In the module of"adjustment mechanism", the forecasting method of break points is introduced to fulfill control functions to "forecasting model parameters'self tuner".

本文详细讨论了针对输电线路主保护的自适应预测模型的建立方法，应用时间序列法和自回归模型或动平均自回归模型建立了精确反映保护对象状态量的系统预测模型，以自回归模型为例给出了"预测模型在线辨识"环节和"模型参数自适应校正"环节的算法，应用"适应机构"实现其对"模型参数自适应校正"环节的控制作用，应用并行计算算法实现了在继电保护中的"预测模型在线辨识"环节，使系统状态预测模型自适应于变化的电力系统。

Selecting corresponding rolling force model, the paper make an experiment and studies on cold rolled paper-thin strip processing characteristics of sixteen-roll rolling machine based on cold-rolled theory aand forms corresponding rolling model, tension model and moment calculation model .And comes to a conclusion that distortion force and press utmost have a large effect on rolling force and paper-thin strip shape, primarily presenting paper-thin strip rolling subarea theory that rolling force decreases corresponding to the thick decrease of strip but increases rapidly when to a certain thick.

结合带钢冷轧基本理论，选用适当的轧制压力模型，针对十六辊轧机轧制极薄带钢时的工艺特点进行了实验和分析，建立了相应的张力模型及辊系传动力矩模型；并得出变形抗力及压靠对轧制极薄带钢时的轧制力和板形有很大的影响，初步提出了当带厚较大时，为保持板形良好，随着轧件厚度的减少，轧制压力相应降低，当轧制到一定厚度时，轧制压力随着带厚的减少急剧增加的极薄带轧制分区理论。

We integrate the advantage of semantic depiction using ontology and the advantage of complicated targets image modeling using Bag Of Words model, complicated targets se mantic reasoning model is introduced using the ontology concept as a random variable in Bag Of Words model. This model can map the ontology concept to the image.

结合本体技术语义表达的优势和Bag Of Words模型的复杂目标图像建模的优势，将复杂目标本体中的本体概念作为随机变量引入到Bag Of Words模型中，提出了基于本体的复杂目标语义推理模型，建立了本体概念同图像的映射关系。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。