查询词典 It has been for a long time.

It has existed for a long time, and has been a common institution of the civil law in many countries.

这一制度历史悠久，是当今世界各国普遍确立的一项民事法律制度。

ABSTRACT Development of internal combustion engine has been directed by energy saving and environment protection for a long time. Because lean burn technique has great potential to improve fuel consumption and emissions, it has been paid much attention. Variable induction and twice injection [patent no. 98107693. 9] , which have been developed in recent years, have also shown good effect on engine performance.

能源与环境现已成为内燃机技术发展的主导因素，稀薄燃烧由于其能够很好地改善发动机燃油经济性和排放特性而受到广泛重视；可变进气、二次喷油[专利号：98107693.9]等近年来发展起来的技术也表现出良好地改善发动机性能的能力。

It has been the stickiest problem for a long time for the silk spun mills to remove the oil from the heavy oil materials efficiently and absolutely .There has not been systemically study on this subject because of the conditional limitation, no breakthroughs as well. At present, the methods are mainly schapping and chemicals.

重油原料的除油问题历来是绢纺厂最难解决的问题，各个绢纺厂都想解决掉，也在这方面作了很多的研究，但是并没有从根本上得到解决，从目前所采用的方法来看，主要有腐化练法和化学练法。

It has been for a long time since Cesare Lombroso launched the modern criminology, in the field of traditional criminology and victimology were extremely lacking of the viewpoint of female. Not only most of criminologists and victimologists are male but also most of the practitioners in the criminal justice system are male. For these reasons, all criminological and victimological theories are male-center.

自龙布罗梭闻创了现代犯罪学以还，传统的犯罪学与被害者学，即是缺乏女性观点的，因为，不但是犯罪学家与被害者学家多半是男性，连刑事司法界的从业人员也多半是男性，由於如此，犯罪学与被害者学理论是以男性为中心出发的。

After sampling and avoidance learning, herbivores can discriminate this signal and associate it with unpleasant experiences, so aposematic coloration comes into being between plant-animal interaction. The theory of aposematic coloration has not been accepted in plants while it has been adequately discussed for a long time in animal kingdom until Hamilton's signal theory about autumn colours was published.

颜色作为一种稳定有效的视觉信号通常是花和果实的诱惑信号，某些情况下也是一种警戒防御信号，植食动物经过抽样学习后能识别这种防御信号并主动回避，从而形成了植物的警戒色。

The biggest bogeys are terrorism and, in the Middle East, regime collapse, though in some ways the region is more stable now than it has been for a long time.

最可怕的因素是恐怖主义，在中东，最大的不稳定因素是政权倒台，尽管从某些角度看，现在这个地区与过去很长时间相比，其实更稳定。

Relax's time,I would hope use favorite way to spent it,The end of the morning's course,When my partner Jane said to me,It so happened have two movie tickets,At 19:00,Whether with me together go to watch movie,After my heart feel delight,Though we have been reached before the consensus,Prepare to look at 19:10 the movie,《Red Cliff》,Actually,I hope to watch a local movie in china,I franked told she i have not seen the movie of the first half,But she said that will not affect,The pm 7:00,I already in the cinema At the door of wait for a long time,Has yet to see my companions,Maybe i in the kill of time,I watch of the film table,Screening of the it seem chinese movie,《Red Cliff》and《Madagascar》2 Some less the introduction of the movies,Despite I would not be surprise,But I would watch the 《Red Cliff》 should the good choice,I saw Jane,She let me wait a full 15 minutes,I think he will find for themselves better reason,To avoid being late forpsychological,Her own apology for being late because of traffic congestion on the road,Although I am a taxi to the,I feel Chengdu Crowded is Traffic,The sky already dark,The streets are constantly whistle sound,Finally,I can not on forgive her,We enter the cinemas,Cinema is no Imagine as spacious,But is a very delicate environment,The film should have been broadcast,I think we are 10 minutes late,So we quietly went to the location,To watch the movie,I feel to have chinese classical music,To surround the movie,Aslo let me fusion of the atmosphere in China,Maybe the movie has some humorous language,But sometimes have small number of comments Voice,At least that let me feel sick discomfort,We are seriously watch to the movie,Cinema is about to go out,Maybe this is for me is breath of fresh air,The best,But is the helpless's choose,Very fond three kingdoms of my friend,In U.S,They are very fond the Japanese game 《Dynasty Warriors》,They say he is cool,No have complex plot,Can let you full of crazy and direct,These maybe can to me as a reference,Because I do not know three kingdoms of lot,Jane asked in how I feel when,I told her I like Zhou Yu,,WHich have a scene,When he performed the sword dance when,In front of Xiao Qiao,I feel the ancients are the comfort and fine and smooth, And has a strong China atmosphere,Although in my thoughts,Zhuge Liang is the wisdom,And Cao Cao more are poetry and brutality,Maybe They are contrary,But i not longing the latter,In the movie has a Cao Cao poetry recitation,I ever for that memory,Is clearlr,It makes me feel he to near for me,My favorite watch movie,Maybe in U.S,Many people will because leisure watch movie,In U.S,Movie ticket prices low,That let me feel the can more depth and perfect sound quality,In U.S,I only know the Chinese movie is 《Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon》,This is my ever for China's thought,Martial arts and essence's experience,I like the director Ang Lee,He's movie has the ease,And sometimes,In heart was very heavy,Without violence,I feel that the oriental atmosphere,And bamboo's quiet,Maybe and 《Red Cliff》It is different,《Red Cliff》's scenes let me feel endless grand,Although i have not seen the upper part,Many Hollywood great's works,Filled more is behind the emotional and caring,They are usually war deep to aware of human nature,China's ancient war, Full of alertness,Also is the wisdom of the struggle,Even if I am fell,It still is a beautiful works,But I believe,It will become my forever memory,I like the memory,Chinese movie memory,Although it will never be able to replace the first

轻松的时间，我会选择用喜欢的方式度过它，结束了上午的课程，当我的工作伙伴珍对我说，刚好有两张电影票，下午7点，是否一起去看电影，我内心已经为此感到愉快，尽管我们之前已经达成了想法，准备看19点10分的电影《赤壁》，实际上我希望能够在中国看一部中国电影，我坦诚地告诉她并没有看过它的上部，但她说着并没有影响，下午7点，我已经在电影院门口等候多时，很迟没有看见我的同伴，也许在利用时间，我看着电影表，放映着似乎中国的电影《赤壁》，和《马达加斯加》2一些为数不多的引进电影，尽管我并不会感到惊奇，但是我想看《赤壁》，应该是不错的选择，我等到了珍，她让我等了足足有15分钟，我想她会为自己的找到更好的理由，来逃避迟到的心理，她道歉自己因为路上塞车而迟到，尽管我是计程车来的，我感到了成都交通很拥挤，天空已经黑了，街道不断是鸣笛声音，终于我无法不原谅了她，我们进入了电影院内，电影院不是想象那样宽敞，却是一个精致的环境，电影应该已经开始了播放，我想我们已经迟到了10分钟，所以我们安静走到位置，观看影片，我感到浓厚的中国古典音乐，包围着这部电影，也让我在中国气氛中间融合，也许是影片中有着幽默的语言，但有时会出现少量的评论声音，至少这让我感到不适，我们认真观赏完了这部电影，即将走出电影院，也许这是对我是呼吸新鲜空气，最佳的，可是无奈选择，我的朋友很喜欢三国，在美国，他们很喜欢日本的游戏《三国无双》，他们说他很酷，并没有复杂的剧情，可以让你充满疯狂和直接，这也许可以给我作为参考，因为我并知道三国的很多，在珍问我觉得怎么样的时候，我告诉她我很喜欢周瑜，其中有一个场景，他舞剑的时候，在小乔面前，我感到中国古人的舒适和细致，并有着浓厚的中国气氛，尽管在我的想法中，诸葛亮是智慧的，而曹操更多是诗歌和残忍，我不渴望后者，影片有一首曹操诗歌的朗诵，我曾经对那一首的记忆很清晰，它让我感到了他的靠近，我很喜欢看电影，也许在美国，很多人会因为闲暇看电影，美国的电影票价很低，这却让我感到了更加深入和完美的音质，在美国，我只知道的中国电影是《卧虎藏龙》，这是我对中国曾经的想法，武打和精华的观点，我很喜欢李安这位导演，他的电影有着缓和，和有时心里很沉重，没有暴力，《卧虎藏龙》让我感到了那段东方的气息，和竹子的舒适，也许它和《赤壁》的不同，《赤壁》的场面让我无尽感到宏伟，尽管我没有看到它的上部，很多好莱坞伟大的作品，充满更多的是背后的情感和关怀，他们往往是在战争深处而察觉人性，而中国古代的战争，充满着机警，也是智慧的斗争，即使我感到，它仍然是一部美丽的作品，但是我相信，它将成为我永远的记忆，我很喜欢这种记忆，中国电影的记忆，尽管它永远无法取代第部

This kind of gratings can be kept in the material for a long time. A mode of molecular reorientation was used to explain the formation mechanism of these gratings and it is well consistent with our experimental results. 3. Three kinds of azobenzene polymers P , P (MMA-co-GY7) and P (MMA-co-GO13) were synthesized by radical polymerization. High-density optical storage and the three-dimension (3D) microstructures in the azobenzene polymer films were presented. Twenty gratings have been stored on the same spot in our material. It is twice as many as the best recording that has been reported. It is the first time, a rectangular microstructure and a complicated double layers nesting six-pointed star microstructure are inscribed in it by using a simple two-wave couple setup.

采用共聚反应设计合成了单偶氮苯聚合物P、双偶氮苯聚合物P（MMA-co-GY7）和P（MMA-co-GO13）三种聚合物，研究了偶氮苯聚合物薄膜中的高密度光学存储和3维微结构，成功的将20套光栅储存在样品中同一个点上，是已有报道的两倍；并首次用简单的2波混频光路在该材料中刻写出长方格子和六角星型的微结构，在制作多重不同周期不同角度的高密度光栅结构实验过程中，发现不同周期光栅的刻写顺序对整个微结构形成的最终结果具有决定性的影响，并用相衬显微镜观察了这些微结构图像。

This system would grant a trademark registration for SINING to whoeverthe first successful applicant is, even while it is SINOCHEM's mark and SINOCHEM has been using it in commerce for a long time.

这个体系会将商标SINING 授予任何一个商标申请成功的申请人，尽管它是SINOCHEM公司的商标，而且SINOCHEM公司早已经在市场中使用该商标了。

This system would grant a trademark registration for SINING to whoever thefirst successful applicant is, even while it is SINOCHEM's mark and SINOCHEM has been using it in commerce for a long time.

这个体系会将商标SINING 授予任何一个商标申请成功的申请人，尽管它是SINOCHEM公司的商标，而且SINOCHEM公司早已经在市场中使用该商标了。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。