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The aim of this study was an evaluation of the influence of HiLoon aerobic performance and its physical effects. Elite swimmers、 collegestudents major in physical education and rats were exposed to simulatedaltitude in a decompression chamber and the followings were investigated:(1) erythropoiesis and erythropoietin,(2)maximal oxygen uptake,(3)body weight and body composition,(4)serum parameters of metabolism andhormone,(5)erythropoietin gene expression in kidney and vascularendothelium growth factor gene expression in heart.1 Effects of simulated "living high-training low" on aerobic performancein elite swimmersFourteen swimmers (10 men, 4 women) from Shandong swimming team weredivided into two groups: experimental group (living high-training low,n=8,6men,2women),living at a simulated altitude of 2,800m for 13 to 14 hours per day for 3weeks in a decompression chamber and training at sea level; control group(living low-training low, n=6,4 men,2 women),living and training at sea level.

为系统探讨高住低练对机体有氧能力的影响及其机制，本研究利用低压舱来模拟高原气压条件，分别以优秀游泳运动员、体育专业大学生和大鼠为实验对象，从以下几个方面来初步探讨模拟高住低练对机体的影响：(1)红细胞生成和EPO，(2)最大摄氧量和无氧阈，(3)体重和身体成分，(4)血清物质代谢指标及激素水平，(5)大鼠肾脏EPO和心脏VEGF基因表达。1 模拟高住低练对优秀游泳运动员有氧能力的影响 14名山东省游泳队运动员(男10人，女4人)，随机分为两组：实验组(模拟高住低练组，男6，女2)和对照组(低住低练组，男4，女2)。

The results of our study have demonstrated that,(1) quadrivanlents in diakinesis Ⅰ are ideal materials for micromanipulation;(2) compared with the instrument used to microisolate chromosomes with a dissecting needle perched on a dissecting microscope outfitting with a micromanipulator or laser beam, the equipment most common used in our study is relatively inexpensive and the techniques could be established as a standard procedure in the ordinary laboratory;(3) the gene mapping methods developed in the study is an efficient and fast approach that could advance gene mapping of fish and other species.

本研究结果表明，（1）减数分裂Ⅰ终变期染色体标本是进行染色体显微操作研究的理想材料；（2）与显微操作仪和微激光分离相比较，本研究所探索的显微分离染色体方法不需要昂贵仪器，在常规实验室即可操作，具有广泛的普及应用意义；（3）把染色体显微操作应用于基因定位这种构思是完全可行的。这种基因定位方法简明而快捷，从而为鱼类及其它物种染色体定位研究开辟了一个新的研究方式和途径。

These results show that codA gene cloned from E. coli can express specifically in the anther of both monocotyledon and dicotyledon plant species upon induction of 5-FC, and the in vivo expression product of the gene can transform the 5-FC used externally into 5-FU, which leads to all or partial inactivity of anthers and/or pollens.

以上结果表明，codA基因在单子叶植物和双子叶植物花药中的特异性表达，能将外用的5-FC在体内转化为5-FU，导致花药或花粉的部分和全部失活。

This research used genetic engineering techniques to insert hsf8 gene to dicotyledon expression vector pCAMBIA3300 that contains the selection marker gene bar. And pCAMBIA 3300-HSF8 has been transfered into new soybean lines Hajiao5337 and Hajiao5489 by A grobacterium tumefaciens.

本文将热激转录因子8(hsf8)基因构建在植物表达载体pCAMBIA3300电以大豆子叶节作为受体，通过农杆菌介导法将hsf8基因导入品质性状优良的两个高产大豆新品系哈交5337和哈交5489中，最后获得转基因植株。

Vector pDLBRBNPT contained plant selective marker gene nptⅡ and vector pCDMAR-Hyg contained plant selective marker hygramycin phosphotransferase gene , they fitted to dicotyledon and monocotyledon transformation respectively.

载体pDLBRBNPT含有植物选择标记基因nptⅡ，适合双子叶植物转化；而载体pCDMAR-Hyg的植物选择标记潮霉素磷酸转移酶(Hygramycinphosphotransferase，Hyg)分离，主要用于单子叶植物转化。

Three kinds of plant expressing vector pC1304- CamV35S+ Cbcor15b, pC1304-cold-induced promotor+ Cbcor15b*, pC1304- CamV35S+ Cbcbf for transforming dicotyledon plants was constructed successfully by substituting the report gene of pC1304 with the coding sequence of our destination gene. The recombinant vector was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens with freeze-thaw method. The leaf discs of tobacco plants infected by A. tumefaciens were selected with hygromycin. The regenerated plants were tested by PCR.

在成功的构建pC1304- CamV35S+Cbcor15b，pC1304-冷诱导启动子+Cbcor15b*，pC1304- CamV35S+ Cbcbf三种植物表达载体之后，采用冻融法成功地将重组质粒转化到了根癌农杆菌菌株EHA105中，采用农杆菌介导的烟草叶盘转化法，将荠菜Cbcor15b，Cbcor15b*，Cbcbf，转入模式植物烟草中，在诱导生根后对转基因苗进行了PCR检测。

The differential expression of the desired gene in the target tissue is essential for gene therapy.

目的基因在靶组织中的差异表达在基因治疗中很重要，一种方法是用组织特异性启动子驱动治疗基因表达。

In the second part, I studied the effects of protein complexity (here defined as the number of subunit types in a protein) on gene dispensability and gene duplicability using functional genomic and protein structural data.

接下来，我利用功能性基因体及蛋白质结构资料，探讨蛋白质复杂性（蛋白质次单元种类的数目，protein complexity）对基因的可移除性及可复制性的影响。

Sequences analysis revealsthat these 54 strains have as high as a 99% similarity in 16S rRNA gene level. Allthese 54 strains could be classified into six subgroups according to six differentregions on full-length 16S rRNA gene. Even if the regional differences are not evidentto distinguish B. thuringiensis from B. cereus, however the data of the 16S rRNA genesequences will serve to broaden the database for Bacillus, and provide someinformation for the classification of genus of Bacillus. Additionally, seven B.

本研究利用通用引物，对54株苏云金芽胞杆菌和蜡状芽胞杆菌的16S rRNA基因进行测序，并对所得到的序列进行简单的分析，发现苏云金芽胞杆菌和蜡状芽胞杆菌的16S rRNA基因的相似性很大，大约为99％，在其全长含有6个区域的不同，根据这6个区域将Bt和Bc分成6个亚群，而Bt和Bc在不同亚群之间交替存在，说明16S rRNA基因上的差异不足以区分Bt和Bc。

In this study,we have identified C2H2 ZFP genes in the silkworm,and acquired the basic information for these genes,such as gene distribution on chromosome,gene family information and expression information.This information will be useful for further functional studies on these genes.

综上所述，本研究对家蚕基因组中的C2H2型锌指蛋白基因进行了鉴定，并通过分析获得了这些基因的基本信息，即染色体分布、基因家族信息和基因表达信息等，这些信息为进一步对家蚕C2H2型锌指蛋白基因进行功能研究打下了基础。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。