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The gene of ESAT-6 from genome of bovine mycobacterium tuberculosis strain that from cervine tuberculosis was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and inserted into pGEM-TE vector. After sequencing, we analyzed the gene encoding ESAT-6 protein with molecular biologic software.

从患结核病鹿的肺组织中粗分离牛分支杆菌制备DNA模板，用PCR对牛分支杆菌ESAT-6基因进行了扩增，将扩增的产物连接于测序载体pGEM-TE上克隆，经测序确定无误；并使用分子生物学软件对ESAT-6基因进行了分析。

Methods we build rat retinal cells and rgcs cultured in virto by high pressure.put 80 mmhg pressure to rgcs in close tightly culture bottle for four hours, then collect rgcs and check the sum of apoptosis cells by flow cytometry.put the pressure 80 mmhg to rgcs in close tightly culture bottle for four hours,then collect rgcs and look for the apoptotic gene by gene chip.

（1）在rgcs中加入dsx，加压培养后收集细胞，用流式细胞仪测定凋亡细胞百分率。（2）在rgcs中加入dsx，加压培养后收集细胞，用基因芯片寻找凋亡基因的表达。结果（1）在rgcs高压培养时，dsx组的凋亡百分率低于模型组和对照组。

To quicken the calculation speed of genetic algorithm, the chiasma operation and mutation operation are improved; based on the thinking of inheritable character, the destruction of fine gene combination during chiasma operation is prevented; drawing lessons from the thinking of modifying individual speed and position in the light of individual extremum and global extremum in particle swarm optimization algorithm, an evolutional mutation method based on gene character is put forward.

为提高遗传算法的计算速度，对交叉和变异操作进行了改进：基于遗传性状的思想，防止了交叉操作中对优良基因组合的破坏；借鉴粒子群算法中根据个体极值和全局极值修正个体速度和位置的思想，提出了根据基因性状进行进化变异的方法。

Chinaberry witches'broom, Ziziphus jujube witches'broom, Mulberry dwarf disease, JWB and Paulownia witches' broom phytoplasmas were identified by comparative studies of PCR amplify of phytoplasmal 16SrDNA、23rDNA and ribosomal protein gene, heteroduplex mobility assay, RFLP of PCR-amplified products (16S rDNA), cloning and sequence analysis of 16SrDNA and rp gene. An efficient procedure for rapid identification and differentiation of phytoplasmas was established, which could identify and differentiate phytoplasma collected from field.

通过对桑萎缩病、枣疯病、酸枣丛枝病、泡桐丛枝病和苦楝丛枝病植原体16SrDNA、23SrDNA和核糖体蛋白基因的PCR扩增、异源双链迁移率分析、16SrDNA PCR产物的限制性片段多态性分析以及植原体16SrDNA和rp基因的克隆和序列分析等比较研究，建立了一种快速确定未知植原体种类和分类地位的分子鉴别与鉴定优化程序；此程序可对田间采集的各种植物植原体样品直接进行快速鉴定和鉴别。

Chloromycetin had positive effect on BADH gene expression, and the effect might be due to inhibit repressor generation in mitochondria and activate transcription factor of BADH gene.

应用氯霉素的实验表明氯霉素对BADH基因表达为正效应，提出了可能是抑制了线粒体中的阻遏蛋白的产生使BADH基因表达去阻遏。

The invention provides a method for producing transgene sugarcane quickly with pmi genes. The method primarily comprises the steps of establishing a mannitose screening system; transformation of a gene gun; acquisition of resistant callus; differentiation and screening of the resistant callus; acquisition and rootage of resistant plantlets; molecule detection of resistant plantlets regenerated and detection of pmi gene expression by the chlorophenol red detection method.

一种利用pmi基因快速获得转基因甘蔗的方法，主要内容包括：甘露糖筛选体系的建立，基因枪转化和抗性愈伤组织的获得，抗性愈伤组织的分化筛选，抗性苗的获得和生根，抗性再生苗的分子检测和氯酚红法检测法检测pmi基因表达。

It is realized that chromatin structure of a gene has an on and off effect for the expression of gene.

染色质结构在基因调控中的重要作用越来越为人们所认识。热休克蛋白以其对热诱导的迅速反应成为研究染色质水平基因调控的重要模型。

In this review, we present (1) the chromoprotein structure of phytochrome, its domains and corresponding functions;(2) members of phytochrome gene families and their evolutionary relationships in the main groups of plants;(3) advances in molecular mechanisms of phytochrome signaling and gene regulation; and (4) prospects for future research.

本文综述了光敏色素的分子结构、它所包含的结构域和相应功能以及植物各主要类群中光敏色素基因家族的成员组成与进化关系；重点在分子水平上介绍了光敏色素的生理功能与作用机制。最后，基于最新的研究进展提出了将来的研究方向。

In this review, we present (1) the chromoprotein structure of phytochrome, its domains and corresponding functions:(2) members of phytochrome gene families Their evolutionary relationships in the main groups of plants;(3) advances in molecular mechanisms of phytochrome signaling and gene regulation; and (4) prospects for future research.

本文综述了光敏色素的分子结构、它所包含的结构域和相应功能以及植物各主要类群中光敏色素基因家族的成员组成与进化关系；重点在分子水平上介绍了光敏色素的生理功能与作用机制。最后，基于最新的研究进展提出了将来的研究方向。

Chronical hepatitis B; HBV gene mutation; gene chip; TCM syndrome

慢性乙型肝炎；基因变异；基因芯片；中医证候

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。