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The problems in the curmt methods of measuring glass transition are pointed out and the principle of cryoicroscope-DSC system in T'g measurement is analyzet.

指出了现有的测量T＇g方法中存在的问题，分析了低温显微DSC系统测定T＇g的原理，认为低温显微DSC系统是一种能准确测量玻璃化转变温度T＇g的新型仪器

The average recoveries and coefficient variation of the methods were 90.19%~99.11% and 0.9%~3.2% for chlorothalonil, and 73.94%~86.47% and 2.6%~15.8% for thiram, respectively. The limit of detection for chlorothalonil and thiram were 1×10^(-12) g and 6×10^(-9) g, and the limit of quantification were 0.01 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg, respectively.

方法的添加回收率分别为90.19%~99.11%和73.94%~86.47%；变异系数分别为0.9%~3.2%和2.6%~15.8%；最小检出量分别为1×10^(-12) g和6×10^(-9) g；最低检测浓度分别为0.01和0.3mg/kg。

The ethanol extract of tamarillo fruit contained a high content of phenolic compounds [ 28.8 ± 0.05 mg catechin equivalents/g dry weight ] and showed a strong DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity [ IC50 = 189.1 ± 1.3 μg/mL ].

树番茄乙醇粗萃物含有高量的酚类化合物 [ 28.8 ± 0.05 mg catechin equivalents/g dry weight ]，并表现出强的DPPH（1，1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl）自由基清除能力 [ IC50 =189.1 ± 1.3 μg/mL ]。

In order to get the safe, non-leak, minitype and superthin capacitor, electric double layer capacitors of PAN-based gel polymer electrolytes by in-situ polymerization were prepared. In this EDLC, PC and EC were used as plasticizer, LiClO4 was used as the supporting electrolyte and activated carbons with the specific surface areas of 1000m2/g and 2600m2/g, respectively, as the electrode materials.

为了得到安全、无泄漏、微型、超薄型的双电层电容器，采用内聚合方法制得聚丙烯腈基凝胶聚合物电解质双电层电容器，电解质的增塑剂为碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯，支持电解质为高氯酸锂，电极材料分别为比表面积1000m2/g 和2600m2/g 的活性炭。

The summary results are below:1. GUS expression under the driving of the BjCHI1 promoter (-1060/+17) was essentially undetectable in the young seedlings under normal growth conditions. GUS activity was first detected in the stigma of young flowers, peaked in the young siliques, and decreased when the siliques became older. No GUS expression was found in the mature siliques, seeds or root.2. The BjCHI1 promoter (-1060/+17) was inducible by NaCl, PEG, wounding and MeJA treatments. High levels of GUS expression were detected in the transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis plants after wounding, NaCl, PEG, and MeJA treatment, indicating that the BjCHI1 promoter responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses.3. RT-PCR analysis confirmed that the expression of the BjCHI1 gene in B. juncea was inducible by PEG and NaCl.4. The transcription start site was determined by 5′-RACE, and was located at the 17th nucleotide upstream of the translation initiation codon of the BjCHI1 gene.5. A -805/+17 promoter fragment was enough to response to wounding and MeJA induction, which was proved in transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis plants. The 397 bp region between -805 and -409 of the BjCHI1 promoter contains a cis-acting element that is essential for the wounding and MeJA inducibility.6. The -695/-620 region was necessary but not sufficient to confer MeJA-responsive expression. A T/G-box locates in -353 play an important role in the expression of the BjCHI1 gene in response to MeJA treatment. The 76 bp region is coupled with the T/G-box to confer full MeJA-inducible transcription of the BjCHI1 gene.

主要结果如下：1、利用转基因拟南芥植株分析表明，正常生长条件下，BjCHI1启动子(-1060/+17)驱动GUS基因主要在花柱中表达，幼嫩的荚也有表达，并随着果荚的成熟而减弱，成熟的果荚、种子和根没有显示GUS活性。2、BjCHI1启动子(-1060/+17)能驱动GUS基因在转基因烟草和拟南芥中响应伤害的诱导，转基因拟南芥的分析还证明BjCHI1启动子也受MeJA、NaCl和PEG的诱导，证明BjCHI1启动子是一个伤害、MeJA、NaCl和PEG等生物和非生物因素诱导启动子。3、RT-PCR进一步证明芥菜中BjCHI1基因也受NaCl和PEG的诱导表达。4、5′-RACE法鉴定了BjCHI1启动子的转录起始位点，位于翻译起始位点ATG上游第17个碱基A.5、转基因烟草和拟南芥分析证明，-805/+17的启动子片段足以响应伤害和MeJA的诱导，-805和-409之间397 bp的启动子片段含有对伤害和MeJA诱导必要的元件。6、本明烟叶片瞬时表达系统分析证明，一段76 bp的序列(-695/-620)对BjCHI1启动子响应MeJA的诱导是必要的，但不足以响应MeJA的诱导，位于-353的T/G-box也参与MeJA的诱导。76 bp的序列(-695/-620)与T/G-box协同起作用，赋予BjCHI1启动子MeJA诱导性。

In this paper, tobacco-specific nitrosamines levels of Yunnan flue-cured type cigarettes were determined by a developed GC-TEA method, including TSNAs in tabcco fillers ,mainstream and sidestream smoke.The observed TSNAs values ranged from 85.73ng/g to 418.03ng/g in tobacco fillers and 8.2 ng/g to 29.71ng/cigarette in mainstream smoke and in sidestream smoke ranged from 415.87ng/cigarette to 895.84ng/cigarette.

中文摘要：本文采用GC/TEA技术对云南烤烟型卷烟中的烟草特有亚硝胺进行了研究。48种卷烟的分析显示：烟丝和主流烟气TSNAs变化范围分别是85.73 ～418.03 ng/g和8.2～29.71 ng/支，其中NAT+NAB的含量最高，NNN和NNK含量较接近；侧流烟气TSNAs变化范围是415.87～895.84ng/支，含量明显高于烟丝和主流烟气，NNK所占比例平均达84.29%。

Animals were sensitised with 10 μg or 100 μg OA, as either a single or booster (day 1 and day 5) injection.

本研究的目的是为了优化卵清蛋白的致敏条件，以实现一个豚鼠哮喘模型的早期哮喘反应，后期哮喘反应，气道高反应性和细胞浸润，使用10 μg或为100 μg的卵清蛋白敏化动物，或者采用单一的或强心针（1天和5天）注射。

The initial discharge capacity of the materials with 1.0 wt% A12O3-coated were 120.2mAh/g and 117.mAh/g, respectively at room temperature and high temperature, among the voltage range 3.25~4.35 V at 0.5C rate, and the capacity retentions were 96.59% and 94.23% after 50 cycles, which indicated that material had high discharge capacity and good cycling property under these optimum conditions.

在3.25~4.35V的充放电电压区间内，表面包覆Al2O3质量分数为1%所制备的LiMn2O4材料显示出优良的电化学性能，在25℃和55℃，分别可达到0.5C 120.2mAh/g和117.9mAh/g，经过50次循环后容量保持率分别为96.59%和94.23%。

In addition, the ingredients have been tested by the IR spectra which show the probability of the nano-porous structure. SEM pictures, specific surface areas and distribution of pore diameter have been tested to study the nano-porous structures in surface and some data before and after the pyrolyzing process have been gained: the size of the organic aerogel is 30~50nm, that of the carbon aerogel is about 10nm, the specific surface area increases from 341.77m^2/g to 452.75m^2/g, the density increases from 0.1708g/cm^3 to 0.3356g/cm^3 respectively.

借助有机气凝胶的红外光谱研究了其化学结构，说明其网孔结构形成的可能性；研究了有机气凝胶的扫描电镜图像、比表面积及孔径分布等，并得到碳化前后的一些对比数据：有机气凝胶颗粒大小30~50nm，碳化后约为10nm，比表面积从341.77平方公尺/g增大到452.75平方公尺/g，密度从0.1708g/立方公分增大到0.3356g/立方公分。

After amplying a 2.2kb fragment form the PPV-SC1 RF-DNA,we clone the fragment into pMD 18-T,named pTNSl.The whole sequence which is 1989 bp long was determined by sequencing, including the complete ORF of PPV-SC1 NS1 which encoding 662 amino acids.Alignment of pairs of sequence indicates that there are 98% and 99% similary with other porcine parvovirus strains Kresse and NADL-2, respectively. Multiple sequence alignment discloses that there are a few difference between ppv-scl nsl gene and other ppv nsl gene: A-G at 39nt,T-C at 153nt,A-G at 175nt, A-C at 1117nt, A-C at 1535nt .Alternative codon in ppv-scl nsl have distinctly different frequentfy by codonbias analysis at EMBOSS(http://genopole.toulouse.inra.fr/bioinfo/emboss). Thereis not distinct hydrophobicity and transmenbrane helices in ppv-scl nsl protein. Struction domain anslysis of PPV-SC1 NS1 protein indicate that there are a ATP/GTP-binding site motif A at 398-405,16 Protein kinase C phosphorylation site,21 Casein kinase II phosphorylation site,and 3 cAMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site.At the same time ,there is a same motif between ppv-scl nsl and Poxvirus D5 protein-like which may share in the same fuction which is necessary during virion duplication.

将PPV-SC1 NS1序列与其他PPV NS1基因进行多序列比对，结果显示，PPV-SC1 NS1与其他的PPV NS1的同源性较高，仅存在个别的差异，分别是第39位A→G，第153位T→C，第175位A→G，第1117位A→C，第1535位A→C；同源搜索比较表明，PPV-SC1与PPV NS1同源性可达98％、99％，与其他的细小病毒NS1基因也存在很大的保守性；密码子偏向性分析结果表明PPV-SC1 NS1基因在同一氨基酸的不同密码子的选择上存在一定的偏向性；PPV-SC1 NS1蛋白总体上说具有亲水性不存在明显的疏水性区段，用swiss TMPRED软件预测PPV-SC1 NS1的跨膜区，返回的结果并没有得到有显著意义的跨膜区的存在；根据基于motif数据库的结构域预测，PPV-SC1 NS1的第393-415位氨基酸残基存在潜在的ATP／GTP结合位点，该蛋白还存在16个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点，21个酪蛋白激酶2磷酸化位点，3个cAMP-／cGMP依赖蛋白激酶磷酸化位点，PPV-SC1 NS1蛋白与POX_D5(痘病毒D5蛋白)具有一致的保守结构域，推测NS1可能与POX_D5有类似的功能。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。