查询词典 Evolution

At the bookish assembly hosted by Secretary General Huang Chin-ying on January 3, Mr. Chang Pei-chen presented the first report on the Secrets of the 17-year Cicada written by Japanese Jin Yoshimura, a specialist of eco-mathematical model and biological evolution. The book was adapted from Yoshimura』s paper published in American Scientist in 1996, exploring the causes of evolution of magicicadas. Based on the duration of dormancy, magicicadas fall into two groups: the 13-year and 17-year periodical cicadas. Based on the principle of the survival of the fittest, as the lowest common multiple was larger, there were fewer groups proliferating at the same time to prevent damage of their ecological regularity as a result of hybridization.

1月3日读书会在黄晋英秘书长主持下，第一篇由张培臣先生报告《17年蝉之谜》，作者为日本人吉村仁，专攻生态数学模型与生物演化理论，本书改写自吉村仁於1996发表於《美国自然学家》期刊的论文，探讨质数蝉的演化缘由；依若虫期蛰伏於土壤中年份的不同，质数蝉大致可分为13年及17年两类，在天择情形下，因为最小公倍数比较大，同一时间的繁殖群相对比较少，可避免杂交而破坏其生态规律。

In view of the instability and the high failure rate of practical supply chain alliance companionate symbiosis,the paper establishes a proceeds matrix model of its static game,and uses evolution games to analyze its formation and evolution under symmetric and asymmetric.

针对现实中供应链联盟伙伴合作关系的不稳定性和失败率高的问题，建立了伙伴企业合作静态博弈的得益矩阵模型，并利用进化博弈理论研究了对称和非对称两种情况下供应链联盟伙伴合作关系的形成及进化演变。

In the 1930s, Darwinian natural selection was combined with Mendelian inheritance to form the modern evolutionary synthesis, in which the connection between the units of evolution and the mechanism of evolution was made.

在上世纪30年代，达尔文的自然选择是孟德尔遗传结合，形成现代的进化合成，其中之间的联系单位的演变的机制和演变了。

The late Neoproterozoic is an important period of biological evolution; and the emergence of metazoa is a representative event, which marked the history of biology evolution having entered a new era.

这一时期是地球上早期生命演化的重要时期，特别是宏观后生动物的出现标志着生物演化史进入了一个新纪元。

These new materials provide new evidence for the origin, evolution and the functional evolution of the metazoan during the early stage of the Cambrian explosion.

本文报道的奇异星状生物可能代表了初具原始触手的腔肠动物早期演化类型，为研究真后生动物起源演化、能进化提供了新的实证材料。

Darwinian evolution is not just slow learning. In Marvin Minsky 's words,"Darwinian evolution is dumb learning."

达尔文的进化不只是缓慢的学习，用马文·明斯基的话说，"达尔文进化是愚蠢的学习。"

Firstly, the structure equations of the evolution surface family are derived, and some laws of the surface invariants evolution are obtained, based on modern differential geometry, especially, differential forms and frame field theory.

本文以微分形式、活动标架为工具，推导出演化曲面、曲线的结构方程，并重点研究曲面微分不变量、不变式、整不变量及标架的演化规律，给出了这些规律同演化速率函数之间的关系。

Based on the existing research and the analysis of organizational form evolution, from household factory to corporation organization, and to modular organization, we figure out that capital increment, technology progress, market factors, transaction cost and new economic elements （information technology, worldwide net, knowledge capital） are the factors which impulse the evolution of organization, and technology progress is the key point.

本文基于现有研究，分析了组织形态从家庭作坊到工厂组织，再到公司制组织，并最终进化为模块化组织的演进历程，认为资本增值性、技术进步、市场因素、交易费用和新经济元素（信息技术、互联网络、知识资本）等因素影响并推进着组织形态变迁，并最终催生了模块化组织。

Tectonic subsidence play dominant role in their geometric shapes, basin fillings, sequence evolution and sediment distribution in the Wushi Sag. Outline of the sequences are in shape of box-wedge or sheet-wedge and boundaries of sequences are varied from bilateral fault to monoclinal fault overlap, so that the sequences show distinct semigrabens which overlay in different ways. Seven sequences were formed in different stage of tectonic evolution. The sequence of SQ1 formed in initial rift stage and deposited alluvial sequence. Sequences SQ2-SQ4 developed in intense rift stage and sediment lacustrine sequence. Sequences SQ5-SQ7 formed in late period of rift before thermal subsidence and deposit mere and delta sediment. The place adjacent to the synsedimentary fault is the subsidence center and depocenter; meanwhile, controlling fracture migrates in horizontal made subsidence and sedimentary center of the sag changed.

构造沉降是控制层序几何形态，充填叠置方式、演化及沉积体系分布的最重要因素：凹陷由多个半地堑在不同层序发育时期以不同方式叠置联结而成；受断层控制，层序外部形态有箱状-楔形、楔形-席状披覆型，边界终止方式有双断终止型、单断终止超覆型；不同构造演化阶段层序内部充填的沉积体系各具特征，初始断陷阶段的SQ1沉积冲积层序，强烈断陷阶段的SQ2-SQ4充填湖相层序，晚期断陷阶段SQ5-SQ7内部充填浅湖和河流三角洲沉积；同沉积断层陡坡带沉降迅速、可容纳空间快速增长，是凹陷的沉积和沉降中心，断陷期主控断裂活动时间和空间的变化导致了凹陷沉积和沉降中心的迁移。

So it couldn't fit dynamic network environments soundly. After investigating of negative selection, affinity mature and memory detector evolution mechanisms, it is Embedded Negative Selection Operator Clonal Selection Algorithm presented combined with negative selection, clonal selection and memory detector gene library evolution.

本文结合网络入侵检测的上述问题，深入研究了否定选择、亲和力成熟过程以及免疫记忆机制等，以现有克隆选择算法为主体，将否定选择、克隆选择、记忆检测器基因库方法融合进来，提出嵌入否定选择的克隆选择算法(Embeded Negative Selection Operator Clonal Selection Algorithm， ENCSA)。

The dissecting of samples in group2 were difficult. The root of pulmonary artery and ascending aorta failed to be unfolded because fibrous tissue was tough, right and left fibrous trigone were too firm to be solved by hand. Cardiac muscle fibers couldn't be stripped along myofibrillar trajectory since they were prone to break because of their friability.

组2的心脏解剖困难，表现为纤维组织坚韧，游离肺动脉非常困难；徒手无法松解左、右纤维三角，肺动脉和主动脉根部的游离非常困难；心肌纤维坚硬、质脆，解剖时容易断离成碎块，无法沿纤维走行方向剥离。

We have battled against the odds in a province that has become increasingly violent.

我们对在一个争夺日益激烈省的可能性。