查询词典 ET

There are four kind of isoforms of endothelin in human and other mammals named ET-1, ET-2, ET-3 and ET-β, which are slightly different in construction and pharmacological effect. In human beings, ET-1 is the dominative subtypes. ET-1 remains in blood at a low level about 5ng per liter on physical state. It is synthesized, stored, released and metabolized locally. The half-life of ET-1 is about 1 hour. ET-1 is the most potent vasoconstrictive factor till now, and it is more functional in vein than in artery. In vascular bed, there are two kind of ET receptors. Type A mainly located in smooth muscle cells, whereas type B in endothelial cells. The latter can stimulate intimal hyperplasia via a parasecretion way and activate some oncogenes such as c-fos and c-myc and then enhance their expression. These alterations result in constriction of blood vessels, thus the SMC steps into proliferate state from silent state.

人及哺乳动物体内有四种结构及药理学性质略有差异的异物体，分别为ET-1、ET-2、ET-3、ET-β，而在人主要是ET-1，在生理条件下，ET-1在血浆中含量较低，约为5ng〓，故ET-1不是一个循环激素，而是局部合成释放，局部起作用的活性物质，半衰期约1小时，ET-1是目前已知的最强的血管收缩剂，对静脉的作用比动脉强，在血管床，ET受体有A、B两型，A型主要分布在平滑肌细胞，B型主要分布在内皮细胞，它可以通过旁分泌途径刺激内膜增生，具有有丝分裂原效应，可以激活某些癌基因如C-fos、C-myc使其表达增强引起血管收缩，使静止期SMC进入增殖期，还可以通过信号传导途径，与bFGF、GTF-β、PDGF等生长因子协同作用，起共有丝分裂原作用。

Zheng et al., 1995 Crooijmans et al., 1997; Brunner et al., 1998; Wenburg et al., 1998; Chenuil et al., 1999, Wu et al., 1999; Estoup et al., 2000, this paper represents their first application to the conservation of an Iberian freshwater fish.

Zheng等， 1995 Crooijmans等， 1997； Brunner等， 1998； Wenburg等， 1998； Chenuil等， 1999， Wu等， 1999； Estoup等， 2000，本文则是首次报道该方法在伊比利亚淡水鱼保护中的应用。

Applications Web en Flash et AJAX croissance est tirée par la demande du marché, et fort impact visuel et facile à utiliser la procédure qui doit être adopté et devenir plus compétitif, il permet aux clients, employés et partenaires des informations et D'autres personnes d'interagir efficacement.

Web应用程序中Flash 和AJAX的增长是由市场需求所驱动的，视觉冲击力强并且容易使用的程序更多地被采用并且成为一个竞争点，它使得用户，员工以及合作者可以与信息和其他人有效地进行交互。

Yantai a organisé et fait la promotion de la Chine, au travers de quatre grandes activités APEC : l'Exposition Commerciale Internationale APEC, l'Exposition et la Communication des techniques des PMEs, l'Exposition des Investissements, et l'Exposition E-Business, une fois l'ASEM et huit fois l'Expositions des fruits et légumes dont l'UNESCAP prend la charge.

先后代表国家承办了APEC国际贸易博览会、中小企业技术交流暨展览会、投资博览会、电子商务博览会等四次重大AEPC经贸活动，1次亚欧会议旅游合作发展论坛及展览会以及8届由联合国亚太经社会主办的国际果蔬·食品博览会。

Objetive:To investigate the histopathological features and detect the mutation of JAK2V617F in PV、ET and IMF;to analyze the effects of the stages of myelofibrosis and the mutation on the number of leucocyte in PV and ET patients;Methods: the morphological features of 69 patients who dignosed in the first time were studied by HGF and Gomori stains ; the mutation of JAK2V617F was detected in 38 blood or marrow samples of PV、ET and IMF patients by real-time PCR;the effects of the stages of myelofibrosis and the mutation on leucocytes were analyzed;Results: Different stages of reticulin were observed in 15 PV and 15 ET patiens'marrow sections,and the cytosis、the pleomorphism and the bone trabecula side location of megakaryocytes were observed in all PV、ET and IMF patients;the means of leucocyte in patients with and without JAK2V617F were 20.4×109/Land 11.4×109/L respectively;the P value was 0.367 as comparing the leucocytes among different stages of reticulin increasing.

目的：探讨PV、ET、IMF患者的骨髓病理特点并且检测JAK2V617F突变的发生率，分析骨髓中纤维增生程度以及JAK2V617F对PV、ET患者白细胞数的影响；方法：69例初诊患者的骨髓切片经HGF染色以及Gomori染色后进行形态学研究；并利用real-time PCR法测38例患者的骨髓或者外周血的JAK2V617F突变；分析骨髓切片中纤维组织增生程度以及JAK2突变对患者白细胞数的影响；结果：15例PV和15例ET患者的骨髓切片中可以观察到不同程度的纤维组织增生，所有PV、ET、IMF患者骨髓病理中可见到巨核细胞增多、巨核细胞多形性改变以及巨核细胞定位于骨小梁旁；12例PV、4例ET、4例IMF中检测到JAK2V617F；有突变和无突变患者发病时白细胞数均值分别为20.4×109/L和11.4×109/L，比较不同纤维增生程度的PV、ET患者的白细胞数均值，P值为0.367。

The results were as follows: ET〓-RNA expression levels in hypothalamus, hippocampus and temporoparietal grey and white matters of the low and high speed injury groups were elevated significantly than that of control group (p＜0.05), but in the above areas of brain, ET〓-RNA expression in hypothalamus and hippocampus were the highest (p＜0.01), especially in the high speed injury group; ET〓 contents in hypothalamus and hippocampus in the two injury groups, especially in the high speed injury group, increased very significantly than that of control group (p＜ 0.01); ET〓 contents in CSF and plasma in the two injury groups, also especially in high speed injury group, increased markedly after 2 hours, and lasted for 8 hours after injury; ET〓 contents in the abovt areas of brain were of highly positive correlation with that in plasma or in CSF.

实验显示：致伤犬伤后海马、丘脑下部、颞顶叶灰、白质内皮素—1RNA表达较对照组显著增强（p＜0.01，p＜0.05），其中以海马和丘脑下部最显著（p＜0.01），高速组最明显（p＜0.01）；海马和丘脑下部ET〓含量较对照组显著升高（p＜0.01）；血浆、CSF中ET〓含量在伤后2h即极显著升高（p＜0.01），并持续至伤后8h，上述各组均以高速组最为显著（p＜0.01）；各脑区和血浆，CSF中ET〓含量间呈显著正相关。

Zwieniecki and Holbrook 1999, Canny et al. 2001, recording diurnal variation in conductance in situ (Zwieniecki and Holbrook 1999, Bucci et al. 2003, Domec et al. 2006), and inducing cavitation by drying plants in the laboratory Hacke and Sperry 2003, Stiller et al.

1998年， zwieniecki和霍尔布鲁克日前， 1999年，憎恨等， 2001 ），记录昼夜变化在电导原位（ zwieniecki和霍尔布鲁克日前， 1999年bucci等人， 2003年多梅克等人2006年），并诱导蚀干燥植物在实验室（ hacke和sperry 2003年， stiller等人2005年）。

The results showed that the ET from the marsh had an obvious seasonal variation, with the lowest month-average daily ET in May and the highest one in July. The average daily ET in growth season was 1.94 mmd^(-1), and the total ET was 293 mm.

结果表明：生长季内（5-9月），研究区沼泽湿地蒸散发具有明显的季节变化，月均日蒸散量在5月最低、7月最高；生长季内平均蒸散发为1.94mmd^(-1)，总蒸散量293mm。

D. polymorpha Some previous studies have reported that mussel tolerance to pollutants is regulated by seasonal changes (Van Benschoten et al., 1995) and by temperature (Harrington et al., 1997; Buschini et al., 2003a), since temperature-dependent metabolic and filtration rates (Quigley et al., 1993; Kilgour and Baker, 1994) can modulate exposure to toxicants.

四多形 先前的一些研究报告说，淡菜耐受污染物是调节季节性变化（范benschoten等基地， 1995年）和温度（哈林顿等人， 1997年；布斯基尼等人， 2003年），因为温度依赖性代谢和过滤费率（奎格利等人， 1993年； kilgour和贝克， 1994年），可抑扬接触毒物。

Within a certain society,preference can show variance between different social groups (Lindhagen, 1996; Misgav, 2000; Roovers et al., 2002;Tyrv¨ainen et al., 2003), age (Jensen, 1999; Kaplan and Kaplan,1989), gender (Tyrv¨ainen et al., 2003) and recreational activity(Ribe, 1989; Lindhagen, 1996; Roovers et al., 2002; Tyrv¨ainenet al., 2003; Hirokazu and Fukamachi, in press).Among the range of factors influencing forest preferences,ecological knowledge has been emphasised.

在某一个社会中，偏好，可以查看差异不同社会群体之间（ lindhagen ， 1996年； misgav ， 2000年；罗弗斯等人， 2002年； tyrv ¨ ainen等人， 2003年），年龄（詹森， 1999年；卡普兰和卡普兰， 1989 ），性别（ tyrv ¨ ainen等人， 2003年）和休闲活动（里伯， 1989年； lindhagen ， 1996年；罗弗斯等人， 2002年； tyrv ¨ ainenet人， 2003年；弘和深町，在新闻），其中一系列因素影响森林的喜好，生态知识已是不言而喻的。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。