查询词典 Dam

The routine design method of the dike dam is, which is borrowed the experience of deviser, followed the relative criteria and requests, and set up the engineering instance after making choices of the dam, to carry on the dam arrangement and figure designation. Then it should carry on the seepage analysis inside the dam and the stable calculation of the dam slope. It also needs to check whether to satisfy the norm request of design, then gets a feasible scheme.

常规的堤坝设计方法是在选定坝址后凭借设计人员的经验，遵循有关规范和运行要求，并参照已建工程实例，进行坝体布置和体形设计，然后进行坝内渗流分析和坝坡的稳定计算，以检查所选的方案是否满足设计规范的要求，如果满足，即得到一个可行方案。

The stability of arch dam mainly depends on the support force of downstream rockmass behind abutment of dam. If discontinuity and weak intermitted layer is existed in rockmass, abutment of arch dam will slide probably under pulling force and shear force at the both side of dam.

拱坝的抗滑稳定主要是依靠坝端下游岩体的支承，拱坝两岸山体在拱端推力和剪力的作用下，如果岩体中存在着不利于稳定的节理、裂隙或软弱夹层，便可能引起坝肩滑动。

A great deal of achievement has been obtained duing periodic inspection of the three hydropower stations of Dashankou,Tiemenguan and Tuohai in Xinjiang,including to make the status of dam safety clear,to promote dam re habilitation,to perfect the archives of dam safety and to cultivate a group of dam safety management technians.

新疆大山口、铁门关、托海三座水电站，经过定期检查，摸清大坝安全现状，促进大坝维修加固，完善大坝安全档案，培养出一批大坝安全管理技术人员，取得一系列明显成效。

First chapter is the summary, mainly introduced the project basic survey; Second chapter for the dam site hydrology characteristic, introduced the Hubei -01 key project in the basin specially is nearby the dam site hydrometeorology survey; Third chapter for the key position and the storehouse district terrain geology condition, introduced explained the dam site specially is nearby the dam spool thread terrain geology condition; Fourth chapter for the key position building shaping and the hydrology computation, including determined key position the project rank, the building shaping, adjusts Hong to calculate, blows off the bottom hole cross section size drawing up with initially to draw up the key position scheme of arrangement; Fifth chapter draws up for the size with the dam body arrangement, including the shaping, the Liang section plane determination, the dam body dam base guards against infiltrates the draining water facility the arrangement and the dam body plane arrangement and the stress stable analysis computation; Sixth chapter for the flood discharge design, mainly is the top of dam detailing and the downriver disappears can design; Seventh chapter for blows off the building the design, mainly is to imports the building the detailing strobe arrangement and Kong Shen and the exportation disappears can the design; Eighth chapter pilots the system and the power plant workshop design for the power plant, mainly is directs the system and the power plant workshop design to the power plant; Ninth chapter is ground processing, including ground excavating, the cleaning up, solidifies the grouting, the curtain is in the milk and all that some processing measure.

第一章为综述，主要介绍了工程的基本概况；第二章为坝址水文特性，介绍了鄂-01枢纽工程所在流域特别是坝址附近的水文气象概况；第三章为枢纽及库区地形地质条件，介绍说明了坝址特别是坝轴线附近的地形地质条件；第四章为枢纽建筑物的选型及水文计算，包括确定枢纽的工程等级，建筑物选型，调洪演算，放空底孔断面尺寸的拟定和初步拟定枢纽布置方案；第五章为拱坝尺寸拟定和坝体布置，包括拱坝的选型、拱冠梁剖面的确定、坝体坝基防渗排水设施的布置及坝体的平面布置和应力稳定分析计算；第六章为泄洪的设计，主要是坝顶的细部设计和下游消能设计；第七章为放空建筑物的设计，主要是对进口建筑物的细部设计闸门布置及孔身和出口消能的设计；第八章为电站引水系统及电站厂房设计，主要是对电站引系统和电站厂房的设计；第九章为地基处理，包括地基的开挖，清理，固结灌浆，帷幕灌浆以及其他一些处理措施。

The purpose of opening the orifice was to sluice. The influence of fluctuating pressure upon the dam was another problem which was concerned by engineer. The paper analyzed Shuangkoudu masonry arch dam. The result indicated that the dam natural frequencies which consider the dam and the reservoir water interaction have great different from the preponderant frequencies of fluctuating pressure, the dam's first rank of vibration was far away from the high energy region of the fluctuating flow, so the sympathetic vibration would not take place.

坝身开设孔口主要目的是为了泄洪，泄洪时水流脉动压力对坝体结构动的影响是设计人员关心的另一课题，论文针对双口渡浆砌石拱坝进行了分析，研究结果表明：在考虑坝体一库水相互作用时坝体自振频率和水流脉动压力的优势频率相差较大，坝体的一阶振动远离脉动水流的高能量范围，二者不会发生共振。

With the increasing of the overburden layer thickness or the dam height, the maximum value of response acceleration in dam body assumes gradually decrease, and its characteristic distribution is uniformization, and the response acceleration of the dam slopes decrease remarkably, and response acceleration of the dam top is less than the dam bottom.With the decreasing of the overburden layer thickness, the dam foots and their nearby soil response acceleration get increasing.

随着覆盖层厚度增大或坝高增大，坝体中的反应加速度最大值分布具有逐渐递减、均匀化的变化特征；坝坡体的反应加速度递减显著的变化特征，坝顶反应加速度较坝底反应加速度小的特征；覆盖层厚度越小，坡脚及其附近土体的反应加速度越大的特征。

In this paper, the 3-D finite element relocating mesh method is used to calculate the temperature field and the thermal creep stress field of spillway dam and mid level outlet dam in certain roller compacted concrete gravity dam, sensitivity analysis have been down with different parameters, such as placing temperature, the location of cooling pipe, cooling temperature, time for water supply, ascended-layer of concrete, intermissive time and different placing time, and the commendatory construction scheme have been put forward in such analysis; according by the test result on the two scheme of concrete aggregate combination (basalt as coarse aggregate and limestone as fine aggregate, basalt as coarse aggregate and basalt as fine aggregate), simulation analysis on temperature field and thermal creep stress field of the commendatory construction scheme have been down, and analysis have also been down on temperature field and thermal stress field of the two different aggregate combination, the result indicates that the spillway dam and mid level outlet dam which adopted these two aggregate combination can both satisfy the require of design crack resistance in concrete, furthermore limestone as fine is better than basalt as fine aggregate; the effect of summer water storage and winter water storage on the temperature field and thermal stress field have been analyzed, comparing with winter water storage, in summer water storage scheme the maximum tensile stress at abnormal concrete in upstream fill is decreased by 0.1～0.3MPa and there are no evidence change of the maximum tensile stress at other parts, which indicate that summer water storage is avail for the crack resistance of upstream fill; according to the simulation calculating result and comparing temperature simulation calculating results and temperature controlling measures of some similarity projects both completed and construction, synthesis appraise have been carried to the design temperature controlling measures of dam, and the temperature controlling measures of this project have been brought forward, all these have great reference value on the design of temperature controlling measures and the optimization of the construction scheme.

本文采用三维有限元浮动网格法仿真计算程序，对某碾压混凝土重力坝的溢流坝段和中孔坝段分别进行了三维有限元温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算分析，对浇筑温度、冷却水管的布置方式、冷却水温、通水时间、浇筑升程和间歇时间、不同开始浇筑日期等参数进行了敏感性分析，在此基础上提出了推荐的施工方案；根据两种骨料方案(玄武岩粗骨料+灰岩细骨料方案；玄武岩粗骨料+玄武岩细骨料方案)的混凝土性能试验研究成果，对推荐的施工方案进行了温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算，并对比分析了两种不同骨料情况下的温度场和温度应力，结果表明溢流坝段及中孔坝段采用上述两种骨料均能满足混凝土的抗裂设计要求，且灰岩细骨料优于玄武岩细骨料；计算分析了夏季蓄水和冬季蓄水对坝体温度场和温度应力的影响，夏季蓄水方案与冬季蓄水方案相比，坝体上游变态混凝土区域最大拉应力小0.1～0.3MPa，其他部位最大拉应力无明显变化，夏季蓄水对坝体上游面混凝土的抗裂有利；根据仿真计算成果并通过比较国内一些已建和在建的类似工程的温度仿真计算成果及采取的温控措施，对大坝的设计温控措施进行了综合评价，并提出了该工程的温控措施，对温控设计和优化施工方案具有重要参考价值。

In that specific historical condition the construction technology is very poor, honeycomb and crack appeared in the dam, and the calcareous lixiviated from the concrete, so the ant-seepage capability and the strength of the dam lowered greatly, in addition, the fault of dam have reduced the friction coefficient between the dam body and foundation , this is disadvantageous to the stability of the dam.

由于当时的施工技术及特定的历史条件，导致大坝出现蜂窝、裂缝，引起钙质析出，严重影响大坝防渗性能及坝体强度，另外，由于坝基断层和破碎带的存在，降低了坝体与坝基的摩擦系数，对大坝的稳定不利。

The result show that the position of free surface is higher because of frusta of brake, especial obvious in the head of frusta of brake; flux coefficient and pressure on dam are quite influenced by type of frusta and 3 A type frusta of brake relative to 2 type frusta of brake has bigger flux coefficient and smaller pressure on dam; Obvious influence of ability of discharge flow for different ratio of thickness of frusta and breadth of brake and pressure on dam reduces with increasing ration of thickness of frusta and breadth of brake, while bigger flux coefficient is obtained when tlb = 0.2.(7)The 3D free surface turbulent model established in the paper is comparatively well and truly simulates 3D flow over spillway with frusta of brake and series waterpower computation can be completed aim at different type of dam, type of frusta and disposal on the dam and different water height on peak of

结果表明，闸墩河海大学博士论文的存在抬高了水面线的位置，其中在闸墩头部尤其明显；墩型对流量系数和坝面压力影响较大，3A型闸墩相对于2型闸墩具有更大的流量系数和更小的坝面压力：不同的墩厚闸宽比t/b对泄流能力也将产生显著的影响，随着墩厚闸宽比的增加，坝面压力降低，而当t/b二0.2时溢流坝具有更大的流量系数。7本文建立的三维自由面湍流场模型能够比较准确地模拟带闸墩溢流坝三维过坝水流湍流场，可以针对不同的坝型、墩型、坝面布置形式以及不同的坝顶水头完成系列水力计算，为泄水工程建筑物的设计提供可靠的分析依据

The Hoover Dam, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the interstate highway system, the Internet, the Human Genome Project—time and again, government investment has helped pave the way for an explosion of private economic activity.

曾经多次地，政府投资在胡佛水坝（Hoover Dam，位于美国内华达州的东南部跟亚利桑纳州西北部的交界处，是美国最大的人工水库，同时也是美国七大现代土木工程奇迹之一），田纳西河流域管理局（Tennessee Valley Authority，一个国有、跨州、综合开发利用田纳西河流域自然资源的管理系统），州际公路系统，互联网系统，人类基因研究计划等项目中为私营经济的腾飞铺平了道路。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。