查询词典 Capital

The capital cost of capital refers to each kind of expense which occurs in the fund raising process, like payment and so on outstanding share, bond release handling charges, sell on consignment the expense, the printing expense, the property appraisal expense, the certification fee, the announcement to spend and so on, the capital use cost refer to each kind of expense which in the use capital process pays, like the bond interest, the stock dividend, the bank loan interest and so on, the capital collection the cost usually is when the fund raising the disposable occurrence, the achievement plans the capital amount to reduce the item to deduct.

资本发行成本是指在筹资过程中发生的各种费用，如发行股票、债券等支付的发行手续费、承销费、印刷费、资产评估费、公证费、公告费等，资本使用成本是指使用资本过程中支付的各种费用，如债券的利息、股票的股利、银行贷款利息等，资本筹集成本通常是在筹资时一次性发生，作为筹资额的减项予以扣除。

The capital cost of capital refers to each kind of expense which occurs in the fund raising process, like payment and so on outstanding share, bond release handling charges, sell on consignment the expense, the printing expense, the property appraisal expense, the certification fee, the announcement to spend and so on, the capital use cost refer to each kind of e XP ense which in the use capital process pays, like the bond interest, the stock dividend, the bank loan interest and so on, the capital collection the cost usually is when the fund raising the disposable occurrence, the ach ie vement plans the capital amount to reduce the item to deduct.

资本发行成本是指在筹资过程中发生的各种费用，如发行股票、债券等支付的发行手续费、承销费、印刷费、资产评估费、公证费、公告费等，资本使用成本是指使用资本过程中支付的各种费用，如债券的利息、股票的股利、银行贷款利息等，资本筹集成本通常是在筹资时一次性发生，作为筹资额的减项予以扣除。

The attitude that we hold to the fictitious capital development should be that: the development of the real economy is the kernel of Chinese economic development, we should satisfy the needs of the development of the real economy better through expanding the quantity and categories of the fictitious capital appropriately; we should pay attention to harmonizing the dialectical relation between fictitious capital and the real economy, so that we can make use of the positive effect of the fictitious capital to the real economy, and prevent the harm that may caused by fictitiousness and capital character of the fictitious capital.

我们对虚拟资本发展的态度：以实体经济的发展作为中国经济发展的核心，通过适度发展虚拟资本的种类和数量来更好地满足实体经济发展的需要；注意协调好虚拟资本与实体经济的辨证关系，发挥虚拟资本市场促进实体经济发展的积极作用，并始终警惕虚拟资本的虚拟性和资本性可能造成的危害。

3Rd chapter summarizes the principal character that our country venture capital develops at present, and analyses the problem that our country venture capital there exists in job at present mainly, such as: the government supporting strength to venture capital job is insufficient, risk capital scale is minor, financing gap is big, the venture capital professional is deficient, the venture capital withdrawing from is machine-made wait urgently after perfect.

第3章 概述我国风险投资目前发展的主要特征，并主要分析目前我国风险投资业存在的问题，诸如：政府对风险投资业的支持力度不够、风险资本规模小，资金缺口大、风险投资专业人才匮乏、风险投资的退出机制亟待完善等。

It is the summation which the society and economy relation reflect essentially. The manpower capital property right have three common characters: exclusiveness、 resolvability、business and four special characters: the first one, the owner have not impartibility ownership and control right to the manpower capital himself. The second one, manpower capital can reflect in the different way of material capital when the property right deformity; the third one, manpower capital's employment and investment course are in-phase, the fourth one, the effective yardstick and mechanism of measuring manpower capital are absence.

在此基础上，概括出人力资本产权排他性、可分解性、可交易性的一般特征以及它的四个特殊特征：一是所有者对其自身的人力资本并不具有不可分离的所有权和控制权；二是当发生产权残缺时人力资本可以以迥然于物质资本的方式回应，通过关闭人力资本达到效用享有的均衡；三是人力资本的使用和投资过程是同步合一的；四是缺乏有效计量人力资本的尺度和机制。

These relationship include: the human capital and material capital; the coastward area and the hinterland area; the private capital, the state-owned capital and foreign capital; the short term capital and long term capital, these four types of relationship may effect the economic sustainable growth in the near future for China.

第五章本章作者对中国吸收外资的政策进行了反思，针对当前我国引进外资工作中存在的问题，作者指出了我国当前应处理好四个关系：即人力资本和实物资本，民营资本、国有资本和外资资本，东部地区和中西部地区，短期资本和长期资本，这四个关系是当前与我国引进外资相关的急待解决的问题。

And thus I provide the evidence to undermine the commonly held opinion that China's public companies improved their performance by increasing financial leverage ratio. Seventhly, the international comparison reveals that the development of capital market has direct influence on the industry performance and the capital markets of developed countries are more effective than those of developing ones. Whether the finance system is bank-dominated or capital-market-dominated means little to the effectiveness of capital market and also the industry productivity. Eighthly, capital market, bank and FDI differ markedly in the mechanism of financing selection, supervisory effectiveness and industry characteristics. Averagely, capital market is the most appropriate mechanism among the three out-sourcing financing, considering the supervisory cost and effectiveness comprehensively. Certainly, some flaws remain in this study.

因此，我们认为，中国各产业上市公司产业绩效的提高不是通过提高财务杠杆比例来实现的；第七，基于资本市场自身的国际比较研究表明，资本市场发展程度直接影响其对产业绩效的改善和促进程度，成熟市场的资本配置效率显著高于新兴市场，而金融体系以银行为主导还是以资本市场为主导，并不影响资本市场功能的有效发挥，也不对产业绩效的影响产生效率上的差异，仅仅表现为在多大规模或范围内对产业绩效产生影响；第八，基于资本市场、银行贷款及外商投资3种外源融资方式对产业绩效影响的比较研究，三种方式在融资选择机制、监督力以及所影响的产业特征方面均存在显著差异，三者对不同产业绩效的影响呈现互补作用，而资本市场是监督成本与效力结合较好的融资方式。

At last, the article indicates that there are some problems in capital management and put forward that we should improve capital management on nine facets we should change the role of government in capital management perfect law system environment of capital management , emphasis on internal recombination of enterprise , strengthen daytimeaudit and supervise in capital management to avoid profit package, strengthen adjustment of the right of assets , strengthen the role of invest bank in capital management , pay attention to recombination of immateriality assets ,emphasis on imagine package in the recombination enterprise ,call the ability of entrepreneur and so on to perfect capital management and solve some problems which enterprise confronts (1) solve the problem of poor enterprise (2) solve the problem of prepotent enterprise expansion (3) solve the problem of irrational form of recoinbinatiori enterprise (4)solve the problem of single right structure of enterprise (5)solve the problem of irrational asset collocation to induce bad effect (6)solve the problem of lack increment in development of enterprise (7)solve the problem of irrational structure so we induce enterprise to coruscate flesh vigor continually,and stock market will develop and boom continually.

最后提出了资本经营中存在的一些问题，提出要从九个方面着手改进资本经营，通过对政府在资本经营中角色的转换、健全和完善资本经营的法制环境、加强企业内部的重组、加强资本经营的审计与监督、防止利润包装、加强产权结构的调整、加强投资银行在资本经营中的作用、重视无形资产的重组、加强重组企业的形象包装和呼唤企业家才能等方面改善资本经营，解决企业经营所面临的一些问题：（1）解决劣势企业问题；（2）解决优势企业扩张问题；（3）解决企业重组形式不合理的问题；（4）解决企业产权结构一元化问题；（5）解决资源配置效益低下问题；（6）解决发展中增量不足的问题；（7）解决结构不合理的问题，这样才能使企业不断焕发出新的活力，证券市场才能不断繁荣发展。

The systemof the formation of the capital includes the statutory capital system, the authorizedcapital system and the eclectic capital system , therein the statutory capital systemincludes the strict statutory capital system and the relaxative statutory capital system,the three kinds of the systems of the formation of the capital have their own specificco.

公司资本形成制度包括法定资本制、授权资本制和折中资本制，其中法定资本制又包括严格的法定资本制和缓和的法定资本制，三种资本形成制度的各有其特定的内容和适用条件。

By means of introduction of external capital trusteeship during e-commerce procedure, a trust bank, which has operational qualification of capital trusteeship and professional liquidation capability, will act as an independent third party: to implement for the transactional capital on E-commerce websites an all-directional, whole-course and full-amount trusteeship, to perform at its own the functions of fund payment, liquidation and trusteeship in E-commerce; to actualize relative independence of capital deposit, liquidation and online good trading; to ensure that client"s transactional capital will not be peculated by websites; to eliminate the risk of liquidation error on website capital so as to maintain security of client"s capital.

通过在电子商务过程中引入外部资金托管，由具有资金托管业务资格和专业清算能力的托管银行作为独立的第三方，对电子商务网站的交易资金进行全程全额托管，独立承担电子商务的资金支付、清算和保管功能，实现资金存放、清算与网上货物交易的相对独立，确保客户交易资金不被网站挪用，消除网站资金的清算差错风险，全方位确保客户资金的安全。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。