查询词典 CR

The results indicate that the effect of alloying elements V and Cr on mechanical properties at room-temperature, creep behavior and microstructures are similar. With increasing contents of V and Cr, their mechanical properties produce little change, the creep resistant property decreases and microstructure grows, which is mainly due to their characteristics of β-stability element and smaller atomic radius compared with Ti. On the contrary, the effects of V and Cr on the thermal stability are quite different. With increasing V content or decreasing Cr content the thermal stability for the alloy becomes better, which may be due to the different solution characteristics of V and Cr element in titanium alloy that V belongs to isomorphous β-stability element and Cr belongs to eutectoid β-stability element.

结果表明：合金元素V和Cr对Ti40合金室温力学性能、蠕变行为和组织的影响具有相似性，即随V和Cr含量的降低，合金室温综合力学性能变化不明显、抗蠕变能力减弱、组织粗化：这与V和Cr同属于β稳定元素、且原子半径都小于Ti原子有关；而V和Cr对于热稳定性能的影响则完全相反，V含量的增加或Cr含量的降低含金热稳定性能优化，其主要原因可能与V属于同品型β稳定元素而Cr属于共析型β稳定元素有关。

The average concentrations of Cr, Cd and Pb in ectoskeleton, liver, and muscle were 4.03, 0.12 and 12.31 μgg^(-1), 3.88, 1.04 and 9.12 μgg^(-1), and 4.16, 0.09 and 0.72 μgg^(-1), respectively. Among the three test sites, there existed significant differences in the enrichment of Cr in ectoskeleton and muscle, and of Cr, Cd and Pb in liver. The enrichment of test heavy metals had no notable correlation with the body mass of P. clarkia, and no significant difference was found in the enrichment of the heavy metals between female and male individuals.

外骨骼中Cr、Cd、Pb的平均含量分别为4.03、0.12和12.31μgg^(-1)，合肥市、肥西、肥东三地之间除Cr的富集量差异极显著外，其他2种重金属的富集量差异都不显著；肝脏中Cr、Cd、Pb的平均含量分别为3.88、1.04和9.12μgg^(-1)，3个地区重金属的富集量的差异都极其显著；肌肉中Cr、Cd、Pb的平均含量分别为4.16、0.09和0.72μgg^(-1)，3个地区除重金属Cr的富集量差异极显著外，Cd和Pb的差异都不显著。3种重金属污染物的富集量与体质量没有明显的相关性。3种重金属在雌雄个体之间的富集差异不显著。

Cyclic voltammetry indicated that there were Cr→Cr, Cr →Cr oxidation reaction on anode, while there were Cr→Cr, Cr→Cr, Cr →Cr deoxidization reaction on cathode. The graphite electrodes treated by acid and heating could enhance the reversibility and kinetic of the electrode reaction. The nature graphite electrodes had been eroded during charge/discharge process, while the graphite electrodes by activation could avoide corroding by hexad chromium ion. The reversibility and kinetic of the electrode reaction of chromium ion on activation electrode had been increased, so which indicated that graphite surface augment oxygenous function corps which could increase electrode hydrophile capability.

循环伏安实验表明：铬液流电池的电极反应非常复杂，在阳极存在Cr→Cr，Cr→Cr的氧化反应，在阴极存在Cr→Cr，Cr→Cr，Cr→Cr的还原反应；热处理的石墨电极和重铬酸钾处理的石墨电极能提高电极反应的活性和可逆性；在充放电实验中未处理的石墨电极发生严重腐蚀；分别用这两种方法处理过的石墨电极具有防止六价铬侵蚀的功能；铬离子在活化处理过的石墨电极上的反应活性和可逆性增加，可以认为：重铬酸钾溶液活化处理和加热处理后的石墨表面的含氧官能团增加，电极亲水性增强。

Belonged to the normal contents of the trace elements in plants, but the content of the Cr was far higher than that of the general plants, which suggested that Canarium album Raeusch. be of Cr hypertolerant plant. Because organic Cr in organisms was the effective element with the effects of anti-cancer anticancer and fat reducing, the ultrahigh content of Cr was probably related to the effects of anti-cancer anticancer and fat reducing of Canarium album Raeusch..

所测橄榄品种各器官中的Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Ni的含量在一般植物体的正常含量范围之内，但Cr含量远远超出正常含量范围，表明橄榄是一种富集Cr植物；由于生物体的有机铬是有效的抗癌和降脂成分，因此橄榄超高含量的Cr可能与橄榄抗癌和去脂减肥药用作用密切相关。

The result indicated that, although microorganism from paddy soil could directly reduce Cr, the reduecing rate and efficiency were limited; the higher Cr concentration was, the less reducing ability the microbial showed; the microbe from different paddy soils had different effects on Cr reducing abilities; The reducing ability of the microbe from Sichuan paddy soil was higher than that from Jiangxi paddy soil. Cr added could be rapidly reduced in paddy soil under anaerobic incubation, moreover, the process of dissimilatory iron reduction of soil could obviously promote the Cr reduction. The existent of Cr could delay the appearance of Fe; the higher Cr concentration was, the later Fe appeared. The delayed time of Fe appearance was in accordance with the ending time of Cr reduction.

结果表明，由水稻土中提取的微生物虽然能够直接还原Cr，但其还原速率和还原程度有限，且Cr浓度越高，微生物的还原能力越差；不同来源的上壤微生物对Cr的还原能力有所差异，其中四川水稻土中微生物对Cr的还原能力均大于江西水稻土；在厌氧培养的水稻土中，添加的Cr可以较迅速地还原，其中土壤氧化铁的微生物还原过程对Cr还原具有明显的促进作用；Cr的存在导致Fe生成的时间出现滞后，目Cr浓度越大生成Fe的滞后时间越长；Fe产生滞后的时间与Cr还原结束的时间具有一致性。

Two times hydrolyzation of Fe~(3+) and Cr~(3+) was firstly pointed out in the process of pillar preparation with hydrothermal method. In order to improve the thermal stability, Fe/Cr-Si-pillaring agent solution was synthesized by hydrolyzing Fe~(3+) and Cr~(3+) solution on the surface of silica sol, and Fe/Cr-Si-pillared montmorillonite (Fe/Cr-Si-PILM) was prepared with conventional method and hydrothermal method. Because the technical innovation of preparation is the best way to improve the PILM properties, two novel methods (Microwave method and Ultrasonication method) have been studied to synthesize Fe/Cr-PILM.In order to expand PILMs new application in the field of coal conversion, catalytic activity of Fe/Cr-Si-PILM catalyst in LongKou lignite and ShenHua coal residue liquefaction was discussed and characterized in the last part of this paper.

研究证明：蒙脱石的预处理是可行的，我们以预处理后的Ca-M为原料，研究并优化了PILM的水热法制备工艺，提出了金属离子的二次水解法；为了提高PILM的热稳定性，我们自制了硅溶胶，合成了Fe／Cr-Si三元复合柱化剂，并制备了Fe／Cr-Si-PILM；在PILM合成中，制备技术的革新是改进PILM性能的重要方法，为此我们探索了微波合成法和超声波合成法在制备Fe／Cr-PILM中的应用；最后，我们选择龙口褐煤和神华煤液化残渣为研究对象，探索了Fe／Cr-Si-PILM催化剂在煤炭液化中的应用，希望能开拓PILM应用的新领域。

It was found that the bioaccumulation of Ct on Spirulina platensis involved two steps:rapid adsorption and slow absorption. Chromic compounds with weaker chemical bond had higher bioaccumulation efficiency. Under the same algal cell concentration, Crbioaceumulation rosed up with Crconcentration. On the other hand, with Cr concentration not changed, the total bioaccumulation of Cr on Spirulina platensis increased with algal cell concentration, but the Cr bioaceumu lation on unit algae reduced.

发现螺旋藻对Cr的生物富集主要经历了快速的吸附和缓慢的吸收两个步骤；化学键较弱的Cr化合物具有较高的富集效率；藻细胞浓度一定时，随着Cr浓度的增加，单位重量螺旋藻对Cr的富集量不断增加，最后趋于饱和；当Cr浓度一定时，随着藻细胞浓度的增加，螺旋藻对Cr的总富集量逐渐增加而单位重量藻体的富集量减少。

In this study for characteristics of reducing Cr by SRB7, adsorption approach couldn't remove Cr; electron transfer approach which removed 51.42% of the Cr at 24 h, was not preponderant in the process of reduce Cr; sulfureted hydrogen approach which removed 78.02% of the Cr at 24 h, was preponderant in the process of reduce Cr.

在SRB7去除Cr的特性中，吸附途径对Cr的去除几乎不起作用；电子传递途径在Cr的还原过程中不占优势， 24 h去除率为51.42%；而H2S途径在Cr的还原过程中占主导地位， 24 h去除率为78.02%。

The results show that the spreading area of series Ni-P filler metal increases with the increase of brazing temperature, and the spreading areas of Ni-P filler metal is larger than that of Ni-Cr-P filler metal; the shear strength of the brazed joint at room temperature increases with the increase of temperature from 925℃ to 1000℃, and the shear strength of the stainless steel joint brazed with Ni-P filler metal is superior to that with Ni-Cr-P filler metal by 30~40 MPa in the same brazing technology.

结果表明，Ni-P系钎料铺展面积随钎焊温度的升高而增大，并且相同温度下不含Cr的Ni-P钎料铺展面积大于Ni-Cr-P的铺展面积；钎焊温度从925 ℃升高到1000 ℃过程中，Ni-P、Ni-Cr-P钎料钎焊不锈钢接头的室温剪切强度均增大，并且在相同钎焊工艺下，不含Cr的Ni-P钎料钎焊不锈钢接头室温剪切强度优于Ni-Cr-P钎焊接头强度30~40 MPa；Ni-P系钎料钎焊接头高温强度随温度升高而下降，测试温度超过500 ℃时，相同温度下含Cr的钎料能够提高钎焊接头强度0~30 MPa。

The results show that with the increase of deformation strains and thinning of Fe-Cr fibers, the saturation magnetization are about 140 A·m2/kg constantly, and the remanent magnetism and coercivity increase gradually.The magnetic properties of Fe-Cr fibers are invariant when the Fe-Cr fibers were preserved in absolute alcohol or air for more than 1 a. After Fe-Cr fibers heated in air at temperature higher than 300 ℃ for 1 h, the Fe-Cr fibers transform from ferromagnetic α-solution to paramagnetic2O3, and the saturation magnetization of samples decreases remarkably. With the increase of deformation strains, the thermal stability of thinner Fe-Cr fibers decreases.

结果表明：随着变形量的增大和Fe-Cr纤维的细化，纤维的饱和磁矩基本恒定(约140 A·m2/kg)，而剩磁和矫顽力则逐渐增加； Fe-Cr纤维在无水乙醇和空气中储存一年以上，磁性基本保持不变； Fe-Cr纤维在空气中经300 ℃以上加热1 h后，逐渐由铁磁性的α-固溶体转变为顺磁性的2O3，饱和磁化强度显著下降；且随着变形量的增大，较细Fe-Cr纤维的热稳定性较差。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。