查询词典 CA

To reduce the number of cross certifications, a special CA—bridge CA is specially used to build cross certifications with root CAs of every PKI domain. Through bridge CA, to set up trust relationship with other PKI domains, every PKI domain only needs to make cross certification between its root CA with the bridge CA.

但各CA之间相对独立、分散，缺少统一的管理与接口，各CA之间无法连通，信任无法传递，造成了较多的信任孤岛，给基于PKI技术的应用的拓展造成了很大困难，也限制了PKI技术的普及与良性发展。

When EGTA (Ca〓 chelator), Verapmil and LaCl〓(Ca〓 channel blockers) were used to treat tomato fruit at green mature and strawberry fruit at white stage with ethylene, they could reverse ethylene-induced increase in ethylene production in tomato and strawberry, PG activity, lycopene content, soluble protein content in cell wall in tomato and degradation in soluble protein in strawberry, which indicated blocking Ca〓 channel in plasma membrane or chelating Ca〓 can decrease intracellular Ca〓, further inhibite ethylene-induced maturation, ripening and senescence of fruit.

用质膜钙通道阻断剂异博定、钙通道Ca〓竞争性抑制剂以及Ca〓专一性螯合剂与乙烯一起处理绿熟期番茄果实和乳白期草莓果实，均可抑制乙烯诱导番茄和草莓的乙烯生成、番茄PG活性的提高、番茄红素含量的增加和细胞壁可溶性蛋白含量的增加以及草莓可溶性蛋白的分解，表明阻断质膜Ca〓通道或螯合胞外Ca〓以减少胞内Ca〓能抑制乙烯对果实的催熟作用，间接证明乙烯对果实成熟衰老的诱导与胞外Ca〓内流引起的胞质Ca〓浓度的增加密切相关，表明乙烯信号转导可能与钙信使有关，调节胞质Ca〓浓度可调节乙烯对果实的催熟作用。

Hyphae, loaded with CTC under pH 6. 8 condition and then grown in pH 8. 0 medium for a little while to destroy the apical acidification, could gave very diffuse fluorescence images of CTC membrame bound Ca〓 and vermiform fluorescence spots due to mitochondrias under pH 6. 8 no longer were clearly distinquished, which implied that besides mitochondrias, other cellular organelles with Ca〓 also were stained with CTC. Thus mitochondrias are not the only one intracellular Ca〓 storage, endoplasmic reticulums and Golgi bodies in the same zone may be also the Ca〓 storages. But the extreme apical zone under 2μm of the growing hyphal tip was still almost devoid of stain under pH 8. 0.The CTC fluorescence was concentrated in the subapic zone beyond about 2μm from the tip and then gradually became lower behind about 40μm from the tip. These results did not support the hypothesis which suggested that the cell wall vesicles in the extreme apical zone were intracellular Ca〓 storages.

将菌丝在pH6.8条件下负载CTC，再置于pH8.0培养介质中短暂生长一会儿以消散菌丝顶端的酸化区域，则CTC膜结合Ca〓呈现弥散的荧光影像，在pH 6.8培养条件下显示的蠕虫状的线粒体荧光斑点不再能够清晰辨认，说明除了线粒体之外，还有其它含Ca〓细胞器，也被CTC染色，线粒体并不是细胞内唯一Ca〓库，还可能包括内质网、高尔基体等细胞器，但菌丝最顶端2μm以前的细胞壁泡囊区域不能被染色，最大荧光强度仍位于菌丝顶端2μm以后区域，约45μm以后荧光变弱，实验结果不支持细胞壁泡囊为菌丝胞内Ca〓库的假设。

Ca is widely abundant in nature and its rodioisotope 41 Ca is a cosmogenic nuclide with a half\|life of 10 5 years. However, the 41 Ca/ 40 Ca ratio in natural samples is very low and can only be measure d by accelerator mass spectrometry. The application of 41 Ca is ve ry i mportant not only in the life science but also in geological dating, global envi ronment change studies and astrophysics.

1 引言Ca在自然界中广泛存在，它不仅是人体中含量最丰富的元素之一[1] ，也是众多其他物质的组成部分。41Ca(半衰期为 1.0 3× 10 5a)属于Ca的放射性同位素中的一种，其衰变方式为轨道电子俘获，只发射3.3keV的X射线，天然样品中41Ca 40 Ca的值很小。

The results indicate that Ca(superscript 2+) and GA3, single or combined application treatments, promote cucumber seed germination treated with P. harmala alkaloid, increase germination rate, germination vigor and index; as well as α-amylase, protease, lipase, isocitratelyase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase and Ca(superscript 2+)-ATPase activities; and GA and CaM content in cucumber seeds; but decrease abscisic acid content. The synergistic effects of combined Ca(superscript 2+) and GA3 on increasing GA and decreasing ABA are oberseved compared with Ca(superscript 2+) treatment.

结果表明，Ca(上标 2+)和GA3单一及复合处理可促进骆驼蓬生物碱处理的黄瓜种子的萌发，使黄瓜萌发率、发芽指数和活力指数提高，萌发种子的α-淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶和异柠檬酸裂解酶活性及赤霉素和钙调素含量增加，烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸激酶和Ca(上标 2+)-ATP酶活性增强，脱落酸含量降低；且Ca(上标 2+)和GA3复合处理对GA含量的提高和ABA含量的降低与Ca(上标 2+)单一处理比较呈显著的加成作用。

1 After comparison of sum fusion and optimal fusion, sum fusion was selected as the fusion scheme for local test statistics. For the distributed CFAR detection based on the above three local statistics and sum fusion: CA-R-SUM and OS-R-SUM, CA-S- SUM and OS-S-SUM, Max-OS and Min-OS, Max-CA and Min-CA, their analytic expressions of detection performance were derived for and in nonhomogenous background.

2.1 通过求和融合与最优融合的性能对比，确定了以求和融合做为对局部检测统计量的融合方案；推导出了基于上述三种新的局部检测统计量和求和融合的分布式 CFAR 检测方案： CA-R-SUM 和 OS-R-SUM 、 CA-S-SUM 和 OS-S-SUM 以及 Max-OS 和 Min-OS 、 Max-CA 和 Min-CA 在、条件下在非均匀杂波背景中检测性能的解析表达式。

At the molecular level, Ca enters plant cells through Ca(superscript 2+)-permeable ion channels in their plasma membranes, whereas low [Ca(superscript 2+)] in unstimulated cells is maintained by Ca(superscript 2+)-ATPase and Ca(superscript 2+)/H(superscript +) antiporters.

Ca(上标 2+)通过Ca(上标 2+)通道内流进入胞质，并通过Ca(上标 2+)-ATPase和Ca(上标 2+)/H反向转运蛋白外流以保持胞质内低Ca(上标 2+)浓度。

The results of the determinating the activity of the CA in vitro showed that the CA of the water—fed individuals were in activing statics after eclosion. Because of the apperence of the Vg in haemolymph and the deposition of the vitellin in oocytes in the unfed females, it was shown that the CA in such individuals were in activiting statics, too. Again because in the water—fed females which did not lack the feeding action the activity of the CA showed dropping tendency gradually still, it could be said that the activiting of the CA was possibly effected by the nutrition but it was never related to the adult feeding action. In another respect, the brain of the female adult had not significant effect on the activiting CA. The oocytes could depositing vitellin in individuals removed brain tissue on the day of eclosion, which showed that the activting of CA was not concerned with brain.

CA活性的体外测定说明饲水个体的CA同样具有活性，不取食个体血淋巴中Vg的存在以及卵母细胞中卵黄的沉积表明，在不取食的个体中CA同样具有活性，所以CA的活化与成虫期的取食动作无关，与成虫是否取食花蜜也无太多的联系，但是CA活性的维持可能受成虫期营养的影响，如果以卵母细胞发育和CA体积大小作为CA活性的指标，则饲水个体CA的活性在后期受到了影响，说明饲水不能替代取食蜂蜜来维持成虫期CA的活性；成虫期脑对CA的活化无明显作用，羽化当日摘除脑的个体，其卵母细胞仍然可以沉积卵黄，说明CA的活化与脑无关，而是受某种不确定的因子的影响；用抗JH物质—早熟素—Ⅱ以10ug／虫的剂量在颈部点滴处理雌虫，对Vg的发生和卵巢的发育具有一定的迟缓作用，其原因有待于进一步的研究。

We find α-latrotoxin lowers the Ca~(2+) threshold required for exocytosis without the RRP change employed the ramp [Ca~(2+)]i stimulation generated by continuous UV illumination; Using combined techniques of membrane capacitance measurement and Ca~(2+) uncaging, we show that α-latrotoxin accelerates the fusion kinetics of the readily releasable pool of vesicles, and α-latrotoxin shifts the Ca~(2+)-dependence toward lower Ca~(2+) concentrations.

通过Ca~(2+)光解释放技术，我们也发现分泌的立即可释放囊泡库的分泌动力学明显加快，在同样的[Ca~(2+)]i下，α-latrotoxin使β细胞分泌的最大速度加大并且使β细胞的分泌与Ca~(2+)依赖关系向低钙方向移动。

The result using inhibitors of Ca〓 channels supported above observation. When Ca〓 channels in plasma membrane were blocked by LaCl〓, verapamil or nifedipine, and the Ca〓 channels in endomembranes opened naturally, extracellular CaM couldn't induce 〓 increase. When Ca〓 channels in endomembranes were blocked by ruthenium red and the Ca〓 channels in plasma membrane opened naturally, extracellular CaM induced Ca〓 increase in guard cells, but the extent of Ca〓 increase was lower than that of control.

使用质膜Ca〓通道抑制剂LaCl〓、异博定、尼群地平及细胞内Ca〓通道抑制剂钌红的结果支持这种推测：在质膜Ca〓通道被阻断、细胞内Ca〓通道仍正常开放的情况下，保卫细胞〓不能被CaM诱导增加；细胞内Ca〓通道被抑制、质膜Ca〓通道正常开放的条件下，细胞外CaM诱导保卫细胞内〓升高的幅度不能达到不使用Ca〓通道抑制剂的水平。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。