查询词典 Byzantine Empire

Byzantine, as a strong empire of middle ages, which cross the Asia, Europe and Africa, depending the special and complicated position and situation, become a conservator of ancient civilization.

拜占庭，作为一个横跨亚欧非三大洲的中世纪帝国，由于所处的特殊历史环境成为古代文化的保护地。

We define a Melchite then as any Christian of these lands in communion with Rome, Constantinople, and the great Church of the Empire before the Photian schism, or as a Christian of the Byzantine Rite in communion with Rome since.

我们定义一个melchite那麼任何基督教的这些土地，在与罗马的共融，君士坦丁堡，伟大的教堂帝国之前photian裂，或作为一个基督教的拜占庭礼仪，在与罗马的共融至今。

However, in the Asian division of the Roman Empire, vault development continued; Byzantine architects experimented with new principles and developed the pendentive, used brilliantly in the 6th cent.

然而，在亚洲司的罗马帝国，跳马发展继续；拜占庭建筑师尝试新的原则和发展了pendentive ，用出色的第6次以上。

The famous Arab-Khazar war had not only helped Byzantine to resist the attack of Arabs, simultaneously also had initially laid the foundation for the boundary division of the modern Christianity and Islamism civilized circle, this is the biggest contribution of the Khazar Empire to the world history.

著名的阿拉伯-哈扎尔战争不仅帮助拜占廷抵挡住了阿拉伯人的侵袭，同时也为近现代基督教和伊斯兰教文明圈疆界的划分初步奠定了基础，这就是哈扎尔帝国对世界历史最大的贡献。

He was in the military, political, economic, religious and other aspects of transformation of the Roman Empire, laying the center of Eastern Roman Empire Byzantine era foundation.

他在军事、政治、经济、宗教等方面改造了罗马帝国，奠定了以东方为中心的罗马帝国拜占廷时代的基础。

Except for the Byzantine Eastern Empire, much of ancient Greece was mostly forgotten until the European Renaissance.

除了拜占廷时期的东罗马帝国，人们对古希腊的辉煌几乎忘得一干二净。

As was usual during the time of the Late Empire and the Byzantine period, the north and south walls of the church were not very solid.

这在法兰西帝国的后期和拜占庭时期是很普遍的，教堂的南北墙不是很坚固。

Thus, from the modern historian's perspective,'Byzantine' might be paraphrased by the more long-winded 'medieval eastern Roman' empire, for that is, in historical terms, what 'Byzantium' really meant.

因而，从现代历史学家的角度去看，&拜占庭&可以解释成更冗长的&中世纪东罗马帝国&，因为从历史观点来看，这才是&拜占庭&一词的真正含义。

Chapter 3 the Persian war, chapter 4 the Vandal war, chapter 5 the Gothic war are all about the same issue "Wars and Peace."By analyzing every war's cause, process, I then make a conclusion of Procopius'conception of history. Chapter 6 "Natural Calamity and Human Disaster"analyzes and discusses the Plague of Constantinople in 542-543 and "Nika riot"in 532. In chapter 7 "Legend, Customs and Natural Phenomena", besides a scrutiny of Procopius'history criticism, I examine and sum up three kinds of digressions in this work. The last chapter "Military and Religion"inquires into the military organization , armies of the services, equipments, strategy and tactics, weapons of Byzantine empire. This chapter also probes into the attitude of Procopius on Christian, heresies and paganism; The epilogue is a conclusion of this dissertation, making a systematic exposition on Procopius'conception of history.

对这三大战争的研究，笔者采用述论相结合的方法，首先分析各大战争爆发的原因，然后详细分析战争的过程，纠正普罗柯比的正误、讳言之处，通过与其他史料的相互对比还原历史真相，总结经验教训，最后，在每章的总结部分论述战争的结果及其对交战双方的影响，通过对具体内容的分析归纳总结普罗柯比的历史观；第六章&天灾与人祸&主要对《战记》中记载的542-543 年君士坦丁堡大瘟疫和532 年尼卡暴乱加以分析论述，通过普罗柯比与其他史家记载的对比探寻查士丁尼大瘟疫的起源、传播路径、症状、传染介质、死亡人数、政府对策及其影响等问题，通过对尼卡暴乱目击者记录的分析揭示尼卡暴乱爆发的原因、真实过程，对尼卡暴乱作出公允的评价；在第七章&神话传说、民族风俗和自然现象&中，通过普罗柯比对这三类插话描写的总结和评论，分析他的历史批判法；在最后一章&军事与宗教&中，剥开《战记》的表层内容，对其中蕴含的较深层次的思想内容进行研究，如拜占廷帝国的军队组织、兵种、装备、战略战术、军事武器等内容的探讨，同时也就普罗柯比对基督教和异教、异端的态度加以分析论述；最后的结语部分主要是作全文的总结，阐述普罗柯比的历史观。

While Byzantium's rating has risen recently, it has not entirely shaken off the criticisms dished out in the 18th and 19th centuries, including the devastating verdict of William Lecky, an Irish historian, who in 1869 described the Byzantine empire as "the most thoroughly base and despicable form that civilisation has yet assumed."

近年来，拜占庭的地位有所上升，但并未完全洗脱18到19世纪以来招致的批评，包括一名爱尔兰历史学家William Lecky毫不留情的论断。他在1869年将拜占庭帝国描述为&自文明开化以降，低劣卑鄙形态之至&。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。